1. UNIT 1: NATURAL AND HUMAN SYSTEMS
CANADIAN GEOGRAPHY 1202
UNIT 1:
NATURAL AND HUMAN SYSTEMS

2. WHAT IS A SYSTEM?

3. SYSTEM
A SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF DIFFERENT PARTS THAT CONNECT TO FORM A WHOLE.
THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYSTEMS OF VARIOUS SIZES.
A COMPLEX SET OF DYNAMIC (continually changing) SYSTEMS MAKES UP OUR WORLD
THEY CAN BE BROKEN INTO 2 CATEGORIES:
NATURAL SYSTYEMS
HUMAN SYSTEMS

4. NATURAL SYSTEMS THE SYSTEMS THAT OCCUR IN NATURE
INCLUDE THE CIRCULATION OF WATER IN THE OCEAN, WEATHER AND CLIMATE SYSTEMS, WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND ENERGY CYCLES
THESE FORM THE ECOSYSTEMS THAT MAKE UP OUR ENVIRONMENT
WE WILL DISCUSS ECOSYSTEMS MORE LATER!

5. HUMAN SYSTEMS CREATED BY PEOPLE
INCLUDE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS, TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

6. WHY STUDY GEOGRAPHY USING A SYSTEMS APPROACH?
BY STUDYING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE NATURAL AND HUMAN SYSTEMS, GEOGRAPHERS CAN UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS THAT MAKES THINGS THE WAY THEY ARE AND IT HELPS THEM MAKE BETTER DECISIONS ABOUT THE FUTURE OF OUR PLANET.

7. THE FOUR INTERCONNECTED SPHERES OF EARTH:
ATMOSPHERE
LITHOSPHERE
HYDROSPHERE
BIOSPHERE

8. THE ATMOSPHERE
Surrounds Earth as a thin layer of mixed gasses that makes up the air you breathe
The atmosphere protects you from the sun’s intense energy and distributes heat on Earth.

9. THE LITHOSPHERE
Includes Earth’s crust and uppermost part of the mantle.
It consists of rocks, minerals and soil
The thickness of the lithosphere depends on location

10. CRUSTAL PLATES: pieces of the lithosphere PLATE TECTONICS: slow movement of theses plates on the underlying mantle. This movement causes mountain-building, volcanoes and earthquakes. More on this later!

11. THE HYDROSPHERE
All of the water on Earth’s crust – salty, fresh and frozen.
Includes oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, swamps and water vapor.
70% of Earth is ocean

12. THE BIOSPHERE
Means “sphere of life”: is the layer of Earth in which life evolves.
Supports all living things: millions of species , including those in the atmosphere and hydrosphere.
Oftentimes, all of the spheres together are referred to as the biosphere because all of life on Earth interacts.

14. ACTIVITY Get into your trivia groups
You will be given an envelope full of pictures
Title your 4 sheets of paper: Atmosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere
Glue the pictures on the appropriate sheets
Use the sheets to make a “Master Poster” that you will title as “Natural Systems of Earth: The Spheres”
Make it neat and tidy and add some personal creativity.
Group done Correctly first gets 3 bonus points
The best poster gets 7 bonus points (5 for second, 4 for third, and so on)