1. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 1 The European Drought Observatory (EDO) Scope and Data Jürgen Vogt, Stefan Niemeyer European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Ispra (VA), Italy http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu

2. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 2 Creeping phenomenon Not a localized event Long-term and far reaching impacts To be distinguished from aridity To be distinguished from water scarcity Drought

3. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 3 Communication on Water Scarcity and Drought yearly aggregated drought indicators yearly water scarcity indicators EDO JRC European Reporting and Information System (WISE) WS&D-IS EEA Global Drought Monitoring System Network COM(2007)414Final EDO Context

4. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 4 Web-based Platform for detection, monitoring, forecasting and information exchange  Provide drought-related information at the European scale  Mutual exchange of knowledge & methodologies  Real-time monitoring and forecasting (early warning, preparedness) EDO - Vision Multi-scale approach, integrating  Continental level  MS level  Regional level  Commonly agreed products (e.g. drought indices)  Joint comparison and analysis of information Subsidiarity principle  European level information + platform (JRC)  National datasets managed at MS level  Regional information processed by river basin / regional environmental authorities  De-central data holding

5. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 5 Meteorological Data Stations Fields Fore- casts Relevant Authorities: European, Member States, River Basins, … Communication on Drought and Water Scarcity Drought Management Plans EDO Map Server EDO System Setup European Data Layers LC/LU Soil DEM … RBs VEGETATION STATE Hydrological Processes MONITORING & MODELLING & MODELLING Land Surface Processes Remote Sensing Data FAPAR NDWI Time Series Products Rainfall Anomalies Soil Moisture Anomalies Vegetation Vigour …

6. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 6 Precipitation Monthly SPI (for different aggregation periods) 1 week forecast Soil Moisture Daily soil moisture Daily soil moisture anomaly Forecasted soil moisture anomaly Forecasted soil moisture trend Vegetation status NDWI 10-day daily composites fAPAR 10-day composites. fAPAR anomalies 10-day composites. Current EDO Database – Europe  Coverage of the entire European continent

7. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 7 Drought IndicatorData sourceSpatial resolution Temporal resolution SPIGround observations5 Kmmonthly Soil Moisture LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 KmDaily Soil Moisture Anomaly LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 KmDaily Soil Moisture 7-day Forecast LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 KmDaily Soil Moisture 7-day Forecast anomaly LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 KmDaily NDWI 10-day composites MODIS satellite sensor1 KmDaily fAPAR 10-day composites MERIS satellite sensor1.2 KmDecadal (10 days) fAPAR 10-day composites anomaly MERIS satellite sensor1.2 KmDecadal (10 days) Content of the EDO Database

8. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 8 Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ SPI 3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for 10-12/2008 aggregated to regional level Como, IT

9. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 9 Aim Detection of short term changes in precipitation as compared to the long-term average & forecast Production Producer: JRC Algorithm: EDO SPI processing chain. Input Data Meteorological precipitation measures at a daily time step derived from point measurements of around 1800 meteorological stations throughout Europe, and communicated via the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) of WMO. Input Data providerJRC-MARS database Temporal resolutionMonthly Spatial resolution5 Km Notes Calculated at different time scales (1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months). SPI3 is displayed on the EDO Mapserver. Data availabilityJRC Desert Action ReferencesMcKee et al, 1993 and 1995 (index description) Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)

10. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 10 Soil Moisture Information Based on LISFLOOD 5km spatial resolution Soil Moisture 13 April 2010 Soil Moisture Anomaly 13 April 2010 Soil Moisture Anomaly Forecast (7 days) Until 22 April 2010 Soil Moisture Trend (7 days)

11. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 11 Aim Modelling of soil moisture (current situation and one week forecast) ProductionProduced by JRC LISFLOOD hydrological model Input DataMeteorological data, soil data, DEM, … Input Data provider JRC-MARS database (MARS-STAT activity- IPSC/JRC) and DWD forecast data. Temporal resolutionDaily Spatial resolution5 Km Notes Soil moisture is presented in form of soil suction (pF) values of the top soil layer. Data availabilityJRC DESERT Action References De Roo et al. (2000) (model) Laguardia and Niemeyer (2008) (quality evaluation against radar soil moisture estimates) Soil Moisture Information

12. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 12 NDWI, decade 2-11 May 2010. Spectral index correlated with the vegetation water content. Calculated every day from the previous 10 MODIS images available. Time-composite algorithm. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)

13. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 13 AimVegetation water content detection Production Producer: JRC Algorithm: EDO NDWI processing chain. Input DataMODIS images pre-processed by DLR Input Data providerJRC FOREST Action Temporal resolutionDaily Spatial resolution1 Km Notes10-day Maximum Value time composites. Data availabilityJRC DESERT Action ReferencesGao (1996) (index description) NDWI 10-day Composites

14. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 14 Photosynthetic Activity (fAPAR) fAPAR, 21-31 May 2009 1km resolution fAPAR Anomaly, 21-31 May 2009 Calculated from MERIS and SeaWIFS data (1997  ) http://fapar.jrc.ec.europa.eu Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fAPAR)

15. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 15 AimVegetation status indicator Production Producer: ESA Algorithm: JRC MGVI algorithm (adopted by ESA for the operational production of MERIS Level-2 Land Products), time compositing and spatial aggregation level-3 algorithms. Input DataMERIS Level-2 Land Products (ESA) Input Data providerESA Temporal resolution Decadal (products available 6 days after the end of the considered decade) Spatial resolution1.2 Km Notes 10-day composites produced following the approach by Pinty et al. (2002) Data availability ESA. Data freely distributed through the ESA Service Support Environment (SSE) References Gobron et al. (2004) (MGVI description), Aussedat et al. (2007) and Pinty et al. (2002) (compositing algorithms), Gobron et al. (2007) (evaluation). fAPAR 10-day Composites

16. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 16 AimIndicator of anomalies in vegetation development. Production Producer: JRC Algorithm: EDO fAPAR anomalies production chain. Input Data MERIS Level-3 Aggregated Products (ESA) and SeaWiFS fAPAR products (JRC). Input Data providerESA and JRC Temporal resolution Decadal (products available 6 days after the end of the considered decade) Spatial resolution1.2 Km Notes 10-day composites produced following the approach by Pinty et al. (2002). MERIS time series (2002-now) are extended with SeaWiFS fAPAR estimations obtained with a fully compatible algorithm developed at the JRC. Data availabilityJRC DESERT Action References Rossi et al. (2008) (drought detection); Gobron et al. (2002) (SeaWiFS fAPAR algorithm) fAPAR Anomaly 10-day Composites

17. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 17 EDO Map Server: Output Options Maps (Grid and administrative units) Time Series (Specific queries possible) PDF Reports, JPGs KML file

18. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 18 Next Steps 1.Further development and validation of indicators 2.Building of composite indicator 1.Integration with MS and Regional Systems  setup of a data and information infrastructure (EUROGEOSS)  Inter-regional level: - Drought Management Centre for South East Europe (DMCSEE)  National level: - Observatorio Nacional de Sequias (ONS), ES - Portail national d'Accès aux Données sur les Eaux Souterraines, BRGM, F - Italy, UK, Finland (WS&D Expert Network)  Regional level: - Confederacion Hidrografica del Ebro (CHE)

19. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 19 Next Steps Study on the Carpathian Climate - data rescue, harmonisation, analysis - drought indicators and link to EDO DB on past drought events? - first study end 1990s - media monitor EDO Prototype to be ready by end 2012

20. Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 20 More Information juergen.vogt@jrc.ec.europa.eu http://desert.jrc.ec.europa.eu http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu