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Ch. 3 – The Constitution. The Six Principles of Government Popular Sovereignty. – Citizens are the only source of power. Limited Government – Govt may.

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Presentation on theme: "Ch. 3 – The Constitution. The Six Principles of Government Popular Sovereignty. – Citizens are the only source of power. Limited Government – Govt may."— Presentation transcript:

1 Ch. 3 – The Constitution

2 The Six Principles of Government Popular Sovereignty. – Citizens are the only source of power. Limited Government – Govt may only do that which the people allow. Separation of Power – Power is divided between three branches of govt Checks and Balances – Each branch is constitutionally restrained by the other branches. Judicial Review – Courts determine whether acts of Congress are constitutional. Federalism – Power divided between federal and state govts.

3 How is the Constitution Organized? Seven Articles – Each with a specific topic: – Preamble (introduction) – Six purposes of govt – Article I – Legislative Branch – Article II – Executive Branch – Article III – Judicial Branch – Article IV – Relations among States – Article V – Provisions for Amendments – Article VI – Public Debts, Supremacy of National Law – Article VII – Ratification of the Constitution

4 Quick Review Articles of Confederation was first national Constitution, legislative branch only, weak. New Constitution was written in 1787, ratified in 1789. Federalists supported, Anti-Federalists opposed. Bill of Rights written in 1789, ratified in 1791.

5 Formally Amending the Constitution A formal amendment changes written language of Constitution itself. Four methods of formally amending: # of TimesProposed By:Ratified By: A. Used 26 times Both houses of Congress have to approve it with a 2/3 vote Sent to 50 State legislatures and ¾ must approve (38 states) B. Used 1 time (21 st A) Both houses of Congress have to approve it with a 2/3 vote Sent to 50 State Conventions and ¾ must approve C. Never used National convention is called propose a new amendment…2/3 of States vote to approve it Sent to 50 State legislatures and ¾ must approve D. Never used National convention is called to propose a new amendment…2/3 of states vote to approve it Sent to 50 State Conventions and ¾ must approve

6 Amendments worth noting #1-10 – Bill of Rights #13, 14, 15 – Civil War Amendments #18 – Prohibition #21 – Repealed Prohibition #5 & #14 – Due process of law – Govt must follow the law. #19 – Women can vote in Fed elections #26 – Lowers voting age to 18 from 21 More amendments deal with voting than anything else.

7 Informally Amending the Constitution Legislation – making laws, often to flesh out what Constitution says. – Ex – Judiciary Act of 1789 – Established Fed Courts in every state. Executive Action – President can act on his own within constitutional limits. – Ex – Executive Agreement – Pact b/t Prez & foreign head of state. Court Decisions – Interpret & apply Constitution to court cases. – Marbury v Madison – Case established Judicial Review. SCOTUS determines constitutionality of laws bases on court cases.

8 Continued Political Parties – Shape law, even though they are not mentioned in Constitution. – Ex – Federalists & Anti-Federalists Customs – Presidential and Congressional traditions. – Ex – President’s Cabinet (14 Executive branch department heads) – Ex – Vice-Prez sworn in by custom until passage of 25 th Amendment in 1967.

9 Test Review!! 1.The “Father of the Constitution” was _____________________________. 2.The Constitution was written in ________________, but it was not ratified until ______________________. 3.The first ten amendments were ratified in __________, and they are known as the _________________________. 4.The ___ Amendment about __________________ was the only one to be ratified by method “B”. 5.The _______ Amendment cancelled #4 6.Who were the Federalists? Leaders? 7.Who were the Anti-Federalists? Leaders? 8.Why is Marbury v. Madison such a significant Supreme Court decision? What did it determine? 9.What did the National Judiciary Act of 1789 provide? 10.What is the significance of the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th Amendments?

10 19. When the courts determine if the actions of the Legislative or Executive branches are constitutional that is __________________ 20. The President’s power to veto a bill passed by Congress is an example of ___________________________. 21. The principle of _______________________ means that the govt. must operate within certain bounds set by the people. 22. The __________________ has the power to ask for war, but _______________________ has to approve it (C and B). 23. How does Congress informally amend the Constitution? 24. The most common method of formally amending the Constitution is when 2/3s of ____________________ proposes the Amendment and 3/4s of ______________________________ ratify it. 25. The President has the power to appoint all federal _____________, but _____________________ can remove them by impeachment. 26. The fact that govt. officials are subject to the law, not above is known as _______________________; this is part of the principle of ___________________________________. 27. Each President selects a _____________________, or group of advisors; this is also an ______________________ amendment.

11 28. The ______________ Amendment gave all citizens the right to vote at the age of ____________. 29. The 27 th Amendment does not allow __________________ to receive a pay raise until the next term. 30. The principle of _______________________ states that govt. can only govern if it has the consent of the _____________________. 31. One strong central government and several regional governments is the principle of __________________________. 32. An ___________________________ can be made between the President and one other head of state. 33. When something violates or is in contradiction to the Constitution then it is ____________________________. 34. So far all amendments have been proposed by ________________, but a ___________________________ can be called to propose an amendment. 35. The _________________________ was written as a compromise between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists. 36. James Madison wrote extensive details about the Constitutional Convention and this collection of information is known as _________


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