1. INTRODUCTION TO SMART MATERIALS
RAKESH CHANDRA B
CB.EN.P2MFG12008

2. SMART MATERIALS
Sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli such as those from mechanical, thermal,chemical,electrical,magnetic or other sources
In general, smart materials come in three distinct flavors:
(a) Passively smart materials that respond directly and uniformly to stimuli without any signal processing.
(b)Actively smart materials that can, with the help of a remote controller, sense a signal, analyze it, and then “decide” to respond in a particular way.
(c)Finally, the more powerful and autonomous intelligent materials that carry internal, fully integrated controllers, sensors, and actuators

3. HISTORY Gold- Cadmium in1932 Copper-Zinc in1938
BEEHLER , Ni-Ti at the Naval Ordinance Laboratory – Nitinol (1962)
After the discovery of Nitinol, a number of other system with the ‘shape memory effect’ was found.

4. DIFFERENT TYPES OF SMART MATERIALS
Piezoelectric materials
Magneto restrictors
Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)
Electro rheological Fluids
Thermo responsive materials
pH-sensitive materials
Electro chromic materials

5. Piezoelectric materials: produce an electrical field when subject to a mechanical strain
Magneto restrictors: respond to magnetic field. They produce a magnetic field when strained

6. Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs): materials can convert thermal energy directly into mechanical work

7. Electro rheological Fluids: changes in rheological properties such as viscosity, plasticity, and elasticity.

8. pH-sensitive materials : These are indicators that change colors as a function of Ph
Electro chromic materials :when a voltage is applied across it the optical properties are changed.

9. Transformation Mechanism of Smart Material
existence
austenite martensite
(high temp phase) (low temp phase)
twinned detwinned

10. Different phases of smart materials
Austenite
High temperature phase
Cubic Crystal Structure
Martensite
Low temperature phase
Monoclinic Crystal Structure
Detwinned Martensite
Twinned Martensite

11. Transformation Mechanism
When temp changes transformation between two phases occur due to this transformation, SM have many special properties, such as shape memory effect and super elasticity

12. shape memory effect

13. super elasticity

14. USES & APPLICATIONS OF SMART MATERIALS
Vibration reduction in sporting goods
Noise reduction in vehicles
military applications
Medical Applications

15. On the left, the drink is too warm.
Once cooled, a stripe appears (right) indicating that the drink is properly chilled.
Thermo chromic pigments

16. Thermo colour Sheet
This is a self adhesive sheet whose colour changes according to the temperature. Used for thermometers, heat warning patches

17. Thermo colour Sheet
This is a self adhesive sheet whose colour changes according to the temperature. Used for thermometers, heat warning patches

18. Thermo colour Sheet
This is a self adhesive sheet whose colour changes according to the temperature. Used for thermometers, heat warning patches
Sheet changes colour according to temp

19. SMAs are widely use in medical applications.
This is a medical implant which expands when warmed to body temperature, to widen a restricted blood vessel.

20. The future…… The emerging industrial applications are:
Active Vibration Control (AVC)
Active Noise Control (ANC)
Active Shape Control (ASC)
Active Health Monitoring (AHM)

21. THANK YOU…….