1. Pathway to Low Emission Power Generation using Fossil Fuels : an EU Technology Perspective Nick Otter International Workshop on “Power Generation with CCS in India” Ashok Hotel, New Delhi, India 22 nd January 2008

2. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 2 Power Generation: Equipment & Service Key figures 2006/07: Orders: €13.6 bn Sales: €8.9 bn Operating margin: 8 % Employees: 40,000  an international company trading worldwide  a strong and growing presence in India

3. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 3 Agenda 1st topicthe importance of the issue 2nd topicthe technologies involved 3rd topica consensus view within Europe 4th topicsome concluding remarks

4. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 4 Agenda 1st topicthe importance of the issue 2nd topicthe technologies involved 3rd topica consensus view within Europe 4th topicsome concluding remarks

5. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 5 CO 2 emission targets cannot be achieved without CCS Rising energy demand cannot be met by Renewables alone CO 2 reduction targets can’t be met by Renewables & energy efficiency alone CCS could reduce CO 2 emissions by 50% by 2050 CCS is a key solution for combating climate change, within a portfolio of solutions

6. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 6 Agenda 1st topicthe importance of the issue 2nd topicthe technologies involved 3rd topica consensus view within Europe 4th topicsome concluding remarks

7. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 7 Pathway to zero emission fossil fuel power Carbon Reduction Time Zero Emissions Target Near-term Mid-termLong-term High efficiency plant, one key element of zero emission power generation Framework/Market? Policy/Regulation? Geography? Capture ready concept 90% 20% Storage of CO 2 Enhanced Oil Recovery an integrated approach to “zero emission”

8. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 8 CO 2 impact of efficiency increase - 35% CO 2 Status of Technology Worldwide Average - 42% Advanced Steam Power Plant (700°C)

9. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 9 Power Plant with CO 2 Capture Pipeline Underground Storage CO 2 Process Chain of Carbon Capture and Storage Saline Aquifers Enhanced Oil Recovery Storage Options

10. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 10 Carbon Capture Technologies Accepted need for a portfolio approach All technologies need to be addressed Retrofit and new plant application

11. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 11 Cost discovery zone Carbon capture technology comparison A portfolio of technologies must be validated at large scale * * Based on a 400 MWnet design, versus 650 Mwnet for other technologies

12. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 12 CO 2 Transport and Storage Key Issues  Infrastructure Requirement  Cost Reduction  Public Acceptance  Safe and Effective Storage  Developing the Legal, Regulatory & Fiscal Framework Safety and acceptance of CO 2 storage

13. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 13 Agenda 1st topicthe importance of the topic 2nd topicthe technologies involved 3rd topica consensus view within Europe 4th topicsome concluding remarks

14. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 14 MAJOR EUROPEAN ACTION

15. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 15

16. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 16

17. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 17 Retrofit and new plant application

18. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 18

19. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 19

20. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 20 Agenda 1st topicthe importance of the issue 2nd topicthe technologies involved 3rd topica consensus view within Europe 4 th topicsome concluding remarks

21. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 21 Industry getting ready ………… many projects being announced …… but the right regulatory and fiscal conditions needed …………industry oriented actions Acknowledgement to RWE, EON, SSE, NUON, Vattenfall, TOTAL, Statoil

22. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 22 …….. preparing the way forward via CO 2 “Capture Ready” Plant

23. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 23 ……….. compliant with multi-pollutant control Integrated APC system based around commercially proven and reliable technologies Uses readily available reagents Produces reusable byproduct(s) Superior cost/performance ratio: − Extremely compact design − Fewer moving parts reduces maintenance − Superior environmental performance Targeted emissions levels: − SO 2 : 0.02 lb/MMBTU (> 99.5%) − Hg: 1.0 lb/TBTU (> 90%) − PM: 0.01 lb/MMBTU (99.99%) − NO x : 0.05 lb/MMBTU w/SCR Controls SO x, PM 10 /PM 2.5 Mercury & NOx Not just CO 2

24. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 24 Construction ….. overall system performance and reliability Air Preheater Mills Low NOx Systems - LNCFS - TFS 2000 TM - Fuel Switching Burner NOx Retrofits - RSFC™ - P2™ Research and Development - Air Modeling Capabilities - CFD Modeling Environmental Systems - SNCR - FGD - Precipitators - Scrubbers Transformer Steam Turbine CO 2 Capture Importance of system integration : more complex plant

25. © ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. An EU Perspective OTTER PG & CCS Seminar New Delhi, 22-23 January 2008 : 01/01/2007 P 25  Importance of clean use of fossil fuels, especially coal  Importance of accelerating the take-up of clean fossil  Importance of addressing issue worldwide Clean Fossil Fuel : a critical element of portfolio to getting to a sustainable future  critical transitional issue for a sustainable energy future  an essential part of the portfolio

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