1. God’s People Return The Intertestamental Period Class #8
God’s Mighty Strength!
God’s People Return
The Intertestamental Period
Class #8

2. Old Testament Time Line
God’s People Form
Class #2
God’s People Develop
Class #3
God’s People Are Established
Class #4
God’s People Are Blessed
Class #5
God’s People Disobey
Class #6
God’s People Return
Class #7
God’s People Wait
Class #8
~ 1446 B.C.
~ 1406 B.C.
~ 1020 B.C.
~ 922 B.C.
~ 586 B.C.
~ 400 B.C.
~ 6 B.C.
The
Exodus
Entering The Promised Land
Anoint Saul as King
Solomon Dies
Jerusalem Falls
Last Bible Book Written
Jesus Christ is Born
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Abraham
The Twelve Patriarchs
Egyptian Slavery
Moses
40 Years in the Desert
Conquering the Land
The Judges
The United Kingdom
Saul
David
Solomon
The Divided Kingdom
The Beginning of the Exile
The Exile
Life in Babylon
Rebuilding Jerusalem
Return to Jerusalem
The Intertestamental Period
B i b l e B o o k s C o v e r i n g T h i s T i m e P e r i o d
THE LAW:
(PENTATEUCH)
Genesis
Exodus 1—11
THE LAW:
(PENTATEUCH)
Exodus 11—ff
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
HISTORY
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel 1—7
HISTORY
1 Samuel 8—ff
2 Samuel
1 Kings 1—11
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles 1—9
HISTORY
1 Kings 12—ff
2 Kings
2 Chronicles 10—ff
HISTORY
Lamentations
(586 B.C.)
Esther (460 B.C.)
Ezra (458 B.C.)
Nehemiah (445 B.C.)
HISTORY
(The Apocrypha)
ISRAEL’S PROPHETS:
Amos (770 B.C.)
Hosea (735 B.C.)
JUDAH’S PROPHETS:
Obadiah (576 B.C.)
Haggai (520 B.C.)
Zechariah (520 B.C.)
Malachi (444 B.C.)
JUDAH’S PROPHETS:
Isaiah (745 B.C.)
Micah (725 B.C.)
Jeremiah (629 B.C.)
Zephaniah (625 B.C.)
Nahum (614 B.C.)
Habakkuk (605 B.C.)
POETRY & WISDOM:
Job
POETRY & WISDOM:
Psalms (Some)
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Songs
OTHER PROPHET’S:
Ezekiel ( B.C.)
Daniel (605—562 B.C.)
OTHER PROPHET’S
Joel (855 B.C.)
Jonah (790 B.C.)

3. Introduction When we read the gospels, we see MUCH tension
The very people looking for the messiah killed him
John 111 He came to that which was his own, but his own did not receive him.
At the very foot of the cross we have MANY different players that weren’t there at the end of the Old Testament:
Romans
Pharisees
Sadducees
Zealots
All of the Jews were waiting for the messiah and end up crucifying him

4. Tonight we will learn…
Prophesies in the book of Daniel (Kingdom Study)
Importance of Alexander the Great
Synagogues and Sects of Judaism
Why the Jews hated (and killed) Jesus
Beginning of Hanukkah

5. The United Kingdom 1020 B.C. to 922 B.C.
Height of their glory
Three Kings:
Saul
David
Solomon

6. The Divided Kingdom 922 B.C. to 722 B.C.
Solomon Dies
The Kingdom Divides
Israel in the North
Judah in the South

7. 722 B.C. – Fall of Israel to Assyria

8. 586 B.C. – Fall of Judah to Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar is King of Babylon
Setting for the Book of Daniel

9. Setting for Daniel Jews dispersed (Diaspora) to many nations
Nebuchadnezzar wants them separated
Daniel is a Jew in Babylon
Babylon is unbelievable super power (largest city in known world)
Said that you could turn a chariot around ON it’s walls
God is closing out the Old Testament and leaves very important messages with Daniel

10. The Book of Daniel (Outlines History)
Prophesy about the Intertestamental period
Visions and time period repeated 4 times
Daniel 2 Statue – four kingdoms
Daniel 7 Four beasts – four kingdoms
Daniel 8 Ram and the Goat –
Daniel 11 & 12 Kings of North and South
Gen 4132 The reason the dream was given to Pharaoh in two forms is that the matter has been firmly decided by God, and God will do it soon.

11. Daniel Prophesies BABYLONIA MEDO-PERSIA GREECE ROME Daniel 239-44
KINGDOM
626 BC
HEAD
Of Gold
LION
BABYLONIA
King Nebuchadnezzar
539 BC
CHEST & ARMS
of Silver
BEAR
RAM
THREE RIBS
Lydia BC
Babylon 539 BC
Egypt BC
MEDO-PERSIA
Inferior to Babylon
330 BC.
BELLY & THIGHS
of Bronze
LEOPARD
GOAT
GREECE
FOUR HEADS
Macedon & Greece
Thrace & Asia Minor
Syria
Palestine & Egypt
167 BC
Maccabees and
Hasmoneans
Rule over whole earth
63 BC
LEGS
of Iron
BEAST
ROME
Crushing Kingdom
FEET of Clay

12. The Greek Empire – 240 BC

13. Hellenism – Greek Influence
Septuagint – Greek translation of the OT
Diaspora
Synagogues
Oral Tradition of Law
Jewish Sects
Sadducees (200 BC) – wealthy, embraced Hellenism, strict about the Law
Pharisees (165 BC) – strong oral tradition, rejected Hellenism and Romans
Essenes (150 BC) – secluded to maintain “purity”
Zealots (later) – revolutionary nationalism
Apocrypha

14. Maccabean Revolt – Hanukkah

15. Seleucid Control of Palestine Antiochus IV Epiphanies

16. The Apocrypha - 1 Maccabees 11-9 Alexander the Great
1 After Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated King Darius of the Persians and the Medes, he succeeded him as king. (He had previously become king of Greece.) 2 He fought many battles, conquered strongholds, and put to death the kings of the earth. 3 He advanced to the ends of the earth, and plundered many nations. When the earth became quiet before him, he was exalted, and his heart was lifted up. 4 He gathered a very strong army and ruled over countries, nations, and princes, and they became tributary to him. 5 After this he fell sick and perceived that he was dying. 6 So he summoned his most honored officers, who had been brought up with him from youth, and divided his kingdom among them while he was still alive. 7 And after Alexander had reigned twelve years, he died. 8 Then his officers began to rule, each in his own place. 9 They all put on crowns after his death, and so did their descendants after them for many years; and they caused many evils on the earth.

17. 1 Maccabees 120-24, 41-50 Antiochus IV Epiphanies
20 After subduing Egypt, Antiochus returned in the one hundred forty-third year. He went up against Israel and came to Jerusalem with a strong force. 21 He arrogantly entered the sanctuary and took the golden altar, the lampstand for the light, and all its utensils. 22 He took also the table for the bread of the Presence, the cups for drink offerings, the bowls, the golden censers, the curtain, the crowns, and the gold decoration on the front of the temple; he stripped it all off. 23 He took the silver and the gold, and the costly vessels; he took also the hidden treasures that he found. 24 Taking them all, he went into his own land. He shed much blood, and spoke with great arrogance.

18. 1 Maccabees 141-50 Abomination that causes desolation
41 Then the king wrote to his whole kingdom that all should be one people, 42 and that all should give up their particular customs. 43 All the Gentiles accepted the command of the king. Many even from Israel gladly adopted his religion; they sacrificed to idols and profaned the sabbath. 44 And the king sent letters by messengers to Jerusalem and the towns of Judah; he directed them to follow customs strange to the land, 45 to forbid burnt offerings and sacrifices and drink offerings in the sanctuary, to profane sabbaths and festivals, 46 to defile the sanctuary and the priests, 47 to build altars and sacred precincts and shrines for idols, to sacrifice swine and other unclean animals, 48 and to leave their sons uncircumcised. They were to make themselves abominable by everything unclean and profane, 49 so that they would forget the law and change all the ordinances. 50 He added, “And whoever does not obey the command of the king shall die.”

19. 1 Maccabees 219-22 Mattathias and his sons
19 But Mattathias answered and said in a loud voice: “Even if all the nations that live under the rule of the king obey him, and have chosen to obey his commandments, everyone of them abandoning the religion of their ancestors, 20 I and my sons and my brothers will continue to live by the covenant of our ancestors. 21 Far be it from us to desert the law and the ordinances. 22 We will not obey the king’s words by turning aside from our religion to the right hand or to the left.”

20. 1 Maccabees 436-38, 52-53, 56 Judas Maccabees and The First Hanukkah
Mattathias dies and his son Judas takes over the revolt:
36 Then Judas and his brothers said, “See, our enemies are crushed; let us go up to cleanse the sanctuary and dedicate it.” 37 So all the army assembled and went up to Mount Zion. 38 There they saw the sanctuary desolate, the altar profaned, and the gates burned.
They dedicated the temple back to God:
52 Early in the morning on the twenty-fifth day of the ninth month, which is the month of Chislev, in the one hundred forty-eighth year, 53 they rose and offered sacrifice, as the law directs, on the new altar of burnt offering that they had built.
The First Hanukah:
56 So they celebrated the dedication of the altar for eight days, and joyfully offered burnt offerings; they offered a sacrifice of well-being and a thanksgiving offering.

21. The Results – Messianic Hope
Judas Maccabees became a hero
The prophesy of a messiah was taking shape
Dan 244 "In the time of those kings, the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed, nor will it be left to another people. It will crush all those kingdoms and bring them to an end, but it will itself endure forever.
The Jews won’t recognize Jesus as the messiah!
Jesus in Matt : "You have heard that it was said, 'Love your neighbor and hate your enemy.‘’44 But I tell you: Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 that you may be sons of your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous.

22. The Results – The Cross Jesus came to abolish cultures and differences
Jesus dying on the cross was “to bring all things in heaven and on earth together under one head, even Christ.” Eph 110
Gal You are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus, 27 for all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
We need to make sure that we are ‘one’ in Christ!

23. Old Testament Time Line
God’s People Form
Class #2
God’s People Develop
Class #3
God’s People Are Established
Class #4
God’s People Are Blessed
Class #5
God’s People Disobey
Class #6
God’s People Return
Class #7
God’s People Wait
Class #8
~ 1446 B.C.
~ 1406 B.C.
~ 1020 B.C.
~ 922 B.C.
~ 586 B.C.
~ 400 B.C.
~ 6 B.C.
The
Exodus
Entering The Promised Land
Anoint Saul as King
Solomon Dies
Jerusalem Falls
Last Bible Book Written
Jesus Christ is Born
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Period Covers:
Abraham
The Twelve Patriarchs
Egyptian Slavery
Moses
40 Years in the Desert
Conquering the Land
The Judges
The United Kingdom
Saul
David
Solomon
The Divided Kingdom
The Beginning of the Exile
The Exile
Life in Babylon
Rebuilding Jerusalem
Return to Jerusalem
The Intertestamental Period
B i b l e B o o k s C o v e r i n g T h i s T i m e P e r i o d
THE LAW:
(PENTATEUCH)
Genesis
Exodus 1—11
THE LAW:
(PENTATEUCH)
Exodus 11—ff
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
HISTORY
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel 1—7
HISTORY
1 Samuel 8—ff
2 Samuel
1 Kings 1—11
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles 1—9
HISTORY
1 Kings 12—ff
2 Kings
2 Chronicles 10—ff
HISTORY
Lamentations
(586 B.C.)
Esther (460 B.C.)
Ezra (458 B.C.)
Nehemiah (445 B.C.)
HISTORY
(The Apocrypha)
ISRAEL’S PROPHETS:
Amos (770 B.C.)
Hosea (735 B.C.)
JUDAH’S PROPHETS:
Obadiah (576 B.C.)
Haggai (520 B.C.)
Zechariah (520 B.C.)
Malachi (444 B.C.)
JUDAH’S PROPHETS:
Isaiah (745 B.C.)
Micah (725 B.C.)
Jeremiah (629 B.C.)
Zephaniah (625 B.C.)
Nahum (614 B.C.)
Habakkuk (605 B.C.)
POETRY & WISDOM:
Job
POETRY & WISDOM:
Psalms (Some)
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Songs
OTHER PROPHET’S:
Ezekiel ( B.C.)
Daniel (605—562 B.C.)
OTHER PROPHET’S
Joel (855 B.C.)
Jonah (790 B.C.)

24. The End