1. Willi Struckmeier President International Association of Hydrogeologists, The International Groundwater Association Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) (Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources) Global Overview on the Future of Groundwater Sustainability Global Overview on the Future of Groundwater Sustainability

2. Volume of water worldwide: 1400 Million km³ (100%) Freshwater: 35 Mio. km³ (2,5%) Saltwater of oceans and salt lakes: 1351 Mio. km³ (96,5%) Saline groundwater: 14 Mio. km³ (1%) Source: Water for People, Water for Life – UN World Water Development Report (WWDR); UNESCO 2003. fresh groundwater 30,1% lakes 0,26% rivers 0,0057% wetlands 0,033% atmosphere 0,04% soil moisture 0,05% snow and ice ( + glaciers and permafrost ) 69,5% Recall the Facts of Groundwater vs Other Water Resources Recall the Facts of Groundwater vs Other Water Resources

3. A global view on groundwater groundwater: resource and commodity groundwater reserves are huge how much GW can be used sustainably ? quantification of resources / reserves groundwater quality poor groundwater governance - insufficient data - transboundary - groundwater not valued - no adequate investment - poor management - weakness of capacities, institutions, regulations, enforcement

6. The global Groundwater Resources Map 1/25 M

7. WHYMAP executing unit Committee Steering IHP National Committees Vice Presidents (8 regions) IAH Commissions National Committees CGMW Regional Vice Presidents Individual freelance contributors IGCP UNESCO Regional Offices IAEA Isotope Hydrology Section International programmes, organisations, institutions Universities Regional organisations, e.g. OSS, SADC, OAS … IGRAC GRDC The WHYMAP Network

8. Mean annual renewable volume 42.400 km 3 WRI 2000 Mean river runoff 42.000 km 3 GRDC 2007 Mean groundwater recharge 12.700 km 3 Döll 2008 Global water use 4.000 km 3 WRI 2000 How much water / groundwater is globally and sustainably available ? = enough water for all, more than 6.000 m 3 water per capita and year, about 2.000 m 3 groundwater per capita and year

9. 11 10 5 4 3 9 8 1 2 7 6 Regional distribution of groundwater

10. River basins vs groundwater basins

11. Matching river basins and aquifer systems Substantial differences between TB river basins and TB groundwater basins particularly large deviation in dry regions uncoupling of surface from deep groundwater regimes but: water resources (surface water and groundwater) must be managed coherently

12. Top 10 countries with highest groundwater abstraction J. Margat: Les eaux souterraines du Monde, UNESCO & BRGM, 2008

13. Sustainable use of groundwater for irrigation ? J. Margat: Les eaux souterraines du Monde, UNESCO & BRGM, 2008

16. Conclusions hydrogeological conditions and conceptual hydro- geological models should be available on all continents as a basis for groundwater planning more coherent knowledge and common methodologies for managing transboundary groundwater resources huge GW resources stored mainly in sedimentary basins, even in desert regions, but resources are endless: sustainable use required how to manage irrigation from groundwater in a sustainable way?

17. WHYMAP WebMapping Application more information available at www.whymap.org Contact: whymap@bgr.de