1. Green Roofs by Diane deWilde www.greenrooftechnology.com

2. City Hall, Chicago, IL www.alternow.net Ballard Public Library, Ballard, WA roadtrippers.com Definition green roof noun 1. A roof covered with vegetation, designed for its aesthetic value and to optimize energy conservation. Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition

4. Types of Green Roofs www.vegetalid.com

5. www.alternow.net roadtrippers.com Extensive Ballard Public Library, Ballard, WA Intensive City Hall, Chichago, IL

6. Public Benefits Aesthetic Improvement Waste Diversion Stormwater Management Moderation of Urban Heat Island Effect Improved Air Quality New Amenity Spaces Local Job Creation Benefits Private Benefits Energy Efficiency Increased Roofing Membrane Durability Fire Retardation Reduction of Electromagnetic Radiation Noise Reduction Marketing www.greenroofs.org Design-Specific Benefits Increased Biodiversity Improved Health and Well-Being Urban Agriculture Educational Opportunities photo: blog.parents-choice.org

7. Benefits Environmental Moderation of Urban Heat Island Effect Energy Efficiency Stormwater Management Improved Air Quality photo: blog.parents-choice.org

8. Urban Heat Island Effect (UHI) (i.e., Cities are hotter than the surrounding rural areas because of human activity) www.washingtonpost.com Day: 1 - 3°C higher Night: up to 12°C higher

9. photo: biophiliccities.org Plants cool the environment: Transpiration Take in water through roots Release water from leaves Evaporation From plant leaves and soil Plants and UHI

10. photo: biophiliccities.org Urban Development Reduction in vegetation reduces natural cooling Impervious surfaces absorb and re-emit solar radiation Plants and UHI

11. photo: biophiliccities.org Plants and UHI Green Roofs Fewer impervious surfaces Reduce ambient temperatures by 30°C (Jaffal et al., 2011)

12. Reduces energy consumption 23% decrease in heating needs 75% decrease in cooling needs (sempergreen.com) Web.mit.edu

13. Stormwater Management www.nps.gov

14. Pounds of Pollutants Removed Annually sites.gsu.edu Improves Air Quality

15. Green Roofs Sequester CO2 Green roofs using sedum sequester 375 g C m -2 (Getter, 2009) Convert all commercial and industrial roofs in Detroit, MI = 55,252 tons of carbon sequestered (Getter, 2009)  Equivalent to “removing more than 10,000 midsized SUV or trucks off the road for a year” (Getter, 2009)

16. Questions?

17. Sources: Photos: Title page; http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/living-roofhttp://www.greenrooftechnology.com/living-roof City Hall, Chicago, IL; http://www.alternow.net/index.php/tags/mayor-richard-m-daley/http://www.alternow.net/index.php/tags/mayor-richard-m-daley/ Ballard Library, Ballard, WA; http://www.hydrotechusa.com/projects/ballard-libraryhttp://www.hydrotechusa.com/projects/ballard-library Structure of a Green Roof; http://insulationcorp.com/geofoam-green-roof/http://insulationcorp.com/geofoam-green-roof/ Pre-Settlement Conditions, Historic Urban Development, and Urban Greening; http://biophiliccities.org/seattles-green- factor/http://biophiliccities.org/seattles-green- factor/ Graphs and Charts: Types of Green Roofs; http://www.vegetalid.com/solutions/green-roofs/what-is-an-extensive-green-roof/concepts.htmlhttp://www.vegetalid.com/solutions/green-roofs/what-is-an-extensive-green-roof/concepts.html Urban Heat Island Effect; https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2013/11/21/inside- washington-d-c-s-urban-heat-island-effect/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2013/11/21/inside- washington-d-c-s-urban-heat-island-effect/ Energy Usage Chart; http://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2008/teams/lastortugas/v_housing.htmlhttp://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2008/teams/lastortugas/v_housing.html Percentage Water Retention; http://www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability/new-technology/green-roofs/benefits.htmhttp://www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability/new-technology/green-roofs/benefits.htm Pounds of Pollution Removed Annually; http://sites.gsu.edu/jdiem/research-areas/giras/http://sites.gsu.edu/jdiem/research-areas/giras/ Data: Benefits; http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefitshttp://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits Installation costs; https://www.epa.gov/heat-islands/using-green-roofs-reduce-heat-islandshttps://www.epa.gov/heat-islands/using-green-roofs-reduce-heat-islands Environmental advantages green roofs; https://www.sempergreen.com/en/environmental-advantages-green-roofshttps://www.sempergreen.com/en/environmental-advantages-green-roofs