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The League of Nations Success or failure?.

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Presentation on theme: "The League of Nations Success or failure?."— Presentation transcript:

1 The League of Nations Success or failure?

2 The League of Nations AIMS Encourage co-operation Stop aggression
through Article 10 AIMS Disarmament Improve social conditions

3 Membership 42 members - by the 1930s this had become 59
Defeated countries could not join e.g. Germany Russia excluded because communist USA did not join - isolation from world affairs A club for the victorious? A club for capitalists?

4 Structure The Assembly Each country one vote. Met
in Geneva. Decisions had to be unanimous The Council Met several times a year and in emergencies 5 permanent members Each had right to veto any idea Permanent court of International Justice Based at The Hague Settle disputes peacefully No power of enforcement The Secretariat Kept records - civil service

5 The Palaise Wilson - Headquarters of the Secretariat in Geneva

6 Powers of the League If this didn’t work then the League could:
The Covenant of the League (the set of 26 Articles {or laws} that all members agreed to follow) said the League could settle disputes by: a hearing in an impartial and neutral country a ruling by the International Court of Justice an inquiry by the Council If this didn’t work then the League could: Put pressure on them - moral pressure Refuse to trade - economic sanctions Send in troops - member countries join together - military force - Collective Security

7 Strengths of the League
Many countries supported it in early days - they wanted peace Had some early successes Settled some land disputes in 1920s helped refugees, dealt with spread of disease, fought for better conditions for people Got some agreements - Locarno Pact (1925) and Kellogg-Briand Pact

8 Successes of the League
Aaland islands 1921 land dispute Upper Silesia 1921 area split between Germany and Poland after a close vote Memel land dispute Humanitarian aid to Turkey £10 million spent on farms and homes for refugees Greece paid a £45,000 fine for invading Bulgaria Many groups set up to help people - the Health Organisation (now WHO)

9 Weaknesses of League USA didn’t join
Germany a member , Japan , Italy , Russia No real power - relied on goodwill and persuasion No permanent army Disarmament not realistic Structure a disaster - everyone had to agree before any action taken

10 Failures of the League Manchuria 1931, China 1933 Abyssinia 1936
The Italian government had to solve the problem of Fiume - the League did nothing 1919 Poles and Czechs argued over Teschen 1919 The Poles seized Vilna from Lithuania 1920 The Poles take Russian land The invasion of the Ruhr by the French 1923 Italy attacks Corfu after 5 of its survey team are killed in Albania. Greece has to pay 50 million lire! Manchuria 1931, China 1933 Abyssinia 1936 Rhineland 1936

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