2. The End Result of Weathering Soils Topic 9 Regents Earth Science

3.  Soils are the end result of both chemical and physical weathering.

4. sediments  all particles of weathered rock regardless of their size

5. ESRT page 6  The dotted lines separate the sizes from each each other

6. Sediment Sizes - not kind of material  Boulders  Cobbles  Pebbles  Sand  Silt  Clay  Colloids  Atoms and ions large small > 25.6 cm 6.4 - 25.6 0.2 - 6.4.006 - 0.2.0004 -.006.00001 -.0004

7. soil  Tiny bits of inorganic (rock) and organic (humus) matter ranging in size from sand to colloids and ions

8. humus  organic part of the soil  partially weathered plant and animal matter

9. Soil profile  A side view of a vertical section showing all horizontal layers  Develops as a result of weathering and biological processes

10. Soil Profile

11. Soil profile

12. Soil horizons  The different layers in a soil profile each with its own characteristic properties such as color, texture, and mineral composition

13. Parent material  the material from which a soil is formed

14. Residual soil  soil that has the local bedrock as its parent material

15. Transported soil  soil that formed from parent material left by winds, glaciers, and rivers, or soil that was itself moved from its original location

16. Factors that affect the thickness and composition  climate - temperature and precipitation  Time longer = thicker  parent material -affects the rate of soil formation the soils’s fertility  Types of organisms and how many there are  Slope of the land