1. Canadian Chiropractic Guideline Initiative (CCGI) Evidence-Informed Practice: Introduction & implications for clinicians, patients & the chiropractic profession

2. CCGI Introduction Our Vision: – Enhance the health of Canadians by fostering excellence in chiropractic patient care Our Mission: – Develop evidence-based CPGs and best practice recommendations – Facilitate dissemination & implementation within the chiropractic profession

3. Top 10 (+1) Causes of Disability (Global Burden of Disease – Vos et al. 2012) 1.Low back pain 2.Major depressive disorder 3.Iron-deficiency anaemia 4.Neck pain 5.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6.“Other” MSK disorders 7.Anxiety disorders 8.Migraine 9.Diabetes 10.Falls 11.Osteoarthritis Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) result in enormous social, psychological & economic burdens (IOM 2011)

4. Reasons for consulting chiropractors in North America (Coulter 2005)

5. Location of patient treatment areas (Waalen & Mior 2005)

6. WHAT DO YOU THINK OF WHEN YOU HEAR: Evidence-informed practice? Evidence-based medicine? Evidence-informed healthcare?

7. Evidence-Informed Practice (EIP) Clinical expertise Patient values & preferences Best research evidence Clinical context CLINICAL DECISION The clinical decision involves all three aspects

8. Evidence-Informed Practice (EIP) Definition: – The conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients TAKE HOME POINT: – Best evidence, clinical expertise and patient values and preferences: all three aspects of the model are equally important!

9. Evidence-Informed Practice Statement Canadian chiropractors adopt evidence- informed practice principles to guide clinical decision making by integrating their clinical expertise, patient preference and values, and the best available scientific evidence. The EIP statement is approved by colleges and regulatory boards in 9/10 Canadian provinces, and is currently pending approval in Nova Scotia

10. WHY WOULD YOU USE EVIDENCE- INFORMED PRACTICE?

11. Why use EIP? ↑ chance of positive patient outcomes ↑ patient satisfaction ↓ risk of harm to the patient Facilitate effective and honest communication with patients Improve cultural authority of chiropractic Enhance integration and communication in multidisciplinary environments – Evidence is a common language!

12. EIP Misconceptions EIP/research = allopathic medicine EIP is a rulebook/cookbook There is no ‘chiropractic’ research Researchers don’t understand practice realities and want to tell us what we can’t do vs. what we can/should do Volume of new research is too large, making it impossible to stay current

13. WHAT ARE SOME BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTING EIP IN YOUR PRACTICE? WHAT ARE POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS?

14. Clinician Challenges Lack of time and/or motivation Personal beliefs regarding research: – Doesn’t reflect my practice/patients – Statistics too complex – Too much information! – Don’t know where to look

15. Clinical Practice Guidelines

16. What is a Clinical Practice Guideline? CPGs are a comprehensive collection of: – Current best evidence regarding etiology, diagnosis & treatment of a condition – Expert opinion & consensus – Practice-based recommendations Who puts these together? – Researchers, clinicians and patient reps – people we should listen to! It’s a massive undertaking!

17. CPG Development Clear Question Literature Search Study Selection Critical Appraisal Data Extraction AnalysisRecommendationsDissemination Update & Revise

18. Hierarchy of Evidence

19. Evidence-Informed Practice (EIP) Clinical expertise Patient values & preferences Best research evidence Clinical context CLINICAL DECISION Best research evidence is one part of EIP

20. CPGs – Key Points for Clinicians CPGs are ‘Living EIP documents’ = updated regularly CPGs are a tool to support clinical reasoning – NOT standards of care/practice – NOT a substitute for a practitioner’s experience CPGs contain practice recommendations linked to best evidence

21. Summary & Take Home Messages EIP = rational integration of best available research, your clinical experience/expertise and what the patient wants

22. Summary & Take Home Messages CPGs help guide decision-making regarding diagnosis, treatment and patient management Patients should always be treated as individuals who can have multiple health problems and risk factors – humans are complex!

23. Useful resources on EIP for clinicians

24. Visit us today! The Canadian Chiropractic Guideline Initiative Website is your essential guide to the latest news on guidelines and best practice www.chiroguidelines.org

25. EIP interactive learning module CCGI resources include the webinar series and learning modules delivered in collaboration with CMCC Continuing Education offered at no cost to Canadian chiropractors. Look for the module on : Evidence-Informed Practice (EIP)

26. Connect with your local opinion leaders and best practice collaborators 22 Opinion Leaders are now in place across Canada Over 100 Best Practice Collaborators are joining the program in Spring 2016 Ask them about the evidence-informed practice and best practices

27. Contact us For any questions please contact us at: ccgisupport@chiropractic.ca www.chiroguidelines.org

28. Additional resources www.chiroguidelines.org Evidence Informed Practice Program - EIP modules Evidence Informed Practice Program Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Evidence UP DATES: Free Tools for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice JAMA Evidence Evidence-Based Medicine Tool Kit Grey Matters: A practical search tool for evidence-based medicine Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (Toronto)

29. Helping practitioners and patients make the right choice for optimal care GIG Group Members Project lead: André Bussières Clinician 1) Kent Stuber (lead) 2) Jeff Quon (lead) 3) Fadi Al Zoubi 4) Sandy Sajko 5) Simon French (KT Expert) 6) Alex Pessoa (collaborator) Decision Makers 1) Diane Grondin (lead) 2) Simon Brockhusen (collaborator) 3) Andr é Bussi è res (KT Expert) 4) Michele Maiers (collaborateur) 5) John Triano Chiropractic programs 1) Tony Tibbles (lead) 2) Danica Brousseau (lead) 3) Tue Jensen 4) Aliki Thomas (KT Expert) 5) Craig Jacobs (CMCC collaborator) 6) Joe Lemire (UQTR collaborator) 7) Caroline Poulin (UQTR collaborator) 8)I sabelle Pouliot (UQTR student) Patients 1) Sara Ahmed (lead) 2) Shawn Davies 3) Monika Kastner (KT Expert) 4) Nadia Richer (UQTR collaborator) Physical activity: Bob Grisdale (lead) Website - Vic Weatherall (lead) Reviewer: Bryan Budgell Any questions?

30. References Coulter ID & Shekelle PG. Chiropractic in North America: Descriptive analysis. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2005; 28(2): 83-89. Fineout-Overholt E, Mazurek Melnyk B, Schultz A. Transforming Health Care from the Inside Out: Advancing Evidence-Based Practice in the 21st Century. J Professional Nursing. 2005;21(6):335-44. Kawchuk G, Newton G, Srbely J, Passmore S, Bussières A, Busse JW, Bruno P. Knowledge Transfer within the Canadian Chiropractic Community. Part 2: Narrowing the Evidence-Practice Gap. J Can Chiropr Assoc 2014; 58(3):206-14 (In Press). Lizarondo L, Grimmer-Somers K, Kumar S. A systematic review of the individual determinants of research evidence use in allied health. J Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2011;4:261-72. Sackett DL, Rosenberg WMC, Gray JAM, Haynes RB, Richardson WS. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ. 1996; 312(7023):71–72. Vos T, Flaxman AD, Naghavi M et al. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380: 2163–96. Waalen JK, Mior SA. Practice patterns of 692 Ontario chiropractors (2000-2001). J Can Chiro Assoc 2005; 49(1): 21-31.