1. Mining in the Andes: Threat or opportunity? 20:20 Investor Series London, June 1 2007 Daniel Linsker Americas Analyst Control Risks

2. Threat or opportunity? Region offers plenty of opportunities but also: Significant security risksOperational challenges Uncertain politics Opportunities

3. Threat or opportunity? Risk management makes the difference: –Reduces uncertainty –Helps mitigate problems –Limits impact of eventualities Effective risk management in the region can provide a competitive advantage.

4. Exploiting opportunities in the Andes How important are political risks? And what about security issues? Can you operate there? Where? What can you expect?

5. How important are political risks?

6. Is Latin America really turning to the left? Does it matter?

7. Is Latin America really turning to the left? Left Right Moderate “new” left

8. Is Latin America really turning to the left? Radical Change Broad Continuity Gradual change

9. What about the Andes? Radical Change Broad Continuity Gradual change

10. Does it matter? Radical vs. gradual change Radical - Uncertainty - Possibility of radical political change - Changes to the institutional order - Judicial and contractual instability - Shifts in operating environments Old risks reborn: expropriation, nationalisation and widespread political instability. Gradual - Limited uncertainty and radical policy shifts unlikely - Stable institutional order - Broad judicial and contractual stability - Predictable business environments. But still, Legislative fragmentation and the slow pace of reform Corruption and entrenched interests Bureaucracy and red-tape

11. What about security issues?

12. Security risks Same old risks Common and petty crime Organised crime Kidnapping Terrorism Drug-trafficking And some new ones too… Civil unrest/social activism Fraud Intellectual property issues

13. Should you be scared? Well, not really… Security problems are: –Manageable Security Information Prevention –‘Fixed cost’

14. Can you operate there? Deficient infrastructure Civil unrest Corruption and Bureaucracy Due diligence and exposure to reputational risk.

15. What can you expect? Country scorecard RisksPoliticalSecurityOperational Bolivia Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela

16. Food for (after) thoughts… Bolivia and Ecuador: Are Evo Morales and Rafael Correa the new Hugo Chávez? Colombia: Can it be Latin American Mining’s hidden gem? Peru: Will García be García? Can he?