1. FEUDAL ESTATES VERSUS CITIES

2. TOPICEstatesCities GrowthAgrarian, growth is only in hands of wealthy landowners, feared growth From Merchant economy, wanted growth WealthFrom owning land From selling something people want, a trade, a product

3. Change in living Conditions Peasants, always the same, little chance for change Can change if you are good at your job, but living conditions could be filthy Social Mobility Little social mobility, all is inherited Guilds, rose in society, merchants could have positions in gov’t.

4. TaxesPart of the feudal contract, paid in goods Needed to register, some didn’t and didn’t pay tax, paid in money or services Class position Determined by: Divine Right, Kings/ Emperors anointed by God, given to nobles, marriage, etc. Your job or position, not the feudal contract

5. Power BasePersonal and connected to nobility, based on loyalty, and the feudal contract, inherited In economy (free trade) and industry and not agrarian, you earned your power

6. Merchant and Craft Guilds

7. Guilds G Guilds are centralized economic organizations that focus on one type of trade G There are two types of guilds, merchant and craft G Merchant guilds are groups of salesmen who buy, sell, and trade for goods that a city needs, or that are profitable. G Merchant guilds could set up in a city by obtaining a charter from the town government G Guilds are centralized economic organizations that focus on one type of trade G There are two types of guilds, merchant and craft G Merchant guilds are groups of salesmen who buy, sell, and trade for goods that a city needs, or that are profitable. G Merchant guilds could set up in a city by obtaining a charter from the town government G Craft guilds are a group of people who specialize in one type of craft such as bakers and blacksmiths G The guilds held a monopoly on the towns commerce and no one could operate a craft unless they were part of the appropriate guild

8. More Guilds G If a poor guild member died, the guild would provide funerary expenses G The guild would pay for a poor girls dowry G Certain guilds would donate some aspect of their craft, frequently stained glass windows were donated for to churches and cathedrals G Members of the guild were provided with an early form of health insurance G Many guilds built chapels for their members and the city they resided in G The guild made sure that its members were acting morally G If a poor guild member died, the guild would provide funerary expenses G The guild would pay for a poor girls dowry G Certain guilds would donate some aspect of their craft, frequently stained glass windows were donated for to churches and cathedrals G Members of the guild were provided with an early form of health insurance G Many guilds built chapels for their members and the city they resided in G The guild made sure that its members were acting morally

9. What the Guilds did G The guilds focused on one craft such as leatherworking or G The guilds enforced regulations on the quality of goods keeping shoddy merchandise off the markets G The prices of goods were regulated and kept at a consistent level G The guilds focused on one craft such as leatherworking or G The guilds enforced regulations on the quality of goods keeping shoddy merchandise off the markets G The prices of goods were regulated and kept at a consistent level

10. Guilds G Apprentices, Journeymen, and Masters G Apprenticeship lasted for 2-7 years. G Journeyman was paid by the day for his work. Several years as a journeyman the craftsman would submit a piece of his best work to the guild for approval. G If the “master piece” was accepted he could become a master craftsman and own his own shop. G Apprentices, Journeymen, and Masters G Apprenticeship lasted for 2-7 years. G Journeyman was paid by the day for his work. Several years as a journeyman the craftsman would submit a piece of his best work to the guild for approval. G If the “master piece” was accepted he could become a master craftsman and own his own shop.

11. TOPICMERCHANTCRAFT Relationship to Products Sold and regulated the products Made and produced the products What they regulated Prices and supply Quality of product, fines for non guild members Who belongedAssociation of traders, usually male People who did a certain trade or craft, males/females

12. HOW TO RISE IN STATUS Being a member of the guild, could become mayor of a town Being a member of guild, Phases: apprentice, journeyman, Master (taught others) OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS Protected other guild members, burials, care for orphans, established weights and measures, police and sanitation, Protected guild members, also provided protection for trade travelers