1. Freshwater
Marine or Saltwater
Aquatic Biomes

2. Stream
River
Lotic Zones- flowing
Freshwater
Ecosystems
Lake
Wetland
Lentic Zones-Standing

3. How are aquatic biomes categorized?
Salinity
Depth
Waterflow

4. Types of aquatic organisms: Plankton-Surface floaters

5. Surface floating, primary producers
Primary consumers

6. Nekton: Free swimming

7. Benthos: Bottom Dwellers

8. LAKES

9. Lake Tanganyika, Africa Lake Baikal, Asia
Caspian Sea, Asia
Lake Tanganyika, Africa
Lake Baikal, Asia
Lake Baikal in Russia is the oldest lake in the world. It is
a tectonic lake that is 650 km long, 80 km wide, and up
to 1.6 km deep. The lake holds 23,000 km3 of water. This
is 20% of all the liquid fresh water on Earth’s surface. Lake Baikal is home to 1,200 species of animals and 1,000 species of plants. About 80% of these species are found only in Lake Baikal. The shores of Lake Baikal are also home to 1 million people, and 3.8 million people live in the lake’s
How do lakes form?
Lakes form as surface water runoff, groundwater and rainfall collect in Earth’s natural depressions on its surface or it falls into man made reservoirs.

10. Structure of a Lake
Littoral Zone: Shallow area, algae grows, rooted plants, turtles, frogs etc.
NUTRIENT RICH
PHOTOSYNTHESIS OCCURS HERE-Most productive zone
LOTS OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Limnetic Zone: no rooted plants, LOTS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ZOOPLANKTON AND PHYTOPLANKTON (lots of producers for food chain-creates a lot of DISSOLVED OXYGEN). Extends as long as sunlight can penetrate
Profundal zone: NO SUN, NO PRODUCERS. LOTS OF DECOMPOSING BACTERIA which consume D.O. in the process of decomposition. LOW in D.O.
Benthic zone: bottom. Decomposers feed on organic matter that makes its way down
Overturns: upwelling of nutrients to the top  dissolved oxygen to the bottom

11. Structure of a Lake

12. Algae

13. Types of productivity to classify lakes
Oligotrophic-newly formed lake-low nutrients, low productivity
Mesotrophic- in between
Eutrophic-extremely high nutrients, high productivity (lots of plants, algae growth), more bacteria (decomposers) and that decreases D.O.

14. Eutrophic Lake

15. Marsh
Freshwater Wetlands
Swamp
Bog

16. Wetlands
Water at or near the surface for some time→ shallow enough to support plant life
Characteristics: High Net Primary Productivity (lots of photosynthesis), high biodiversity
Dubbed “Nature’s Kidneys”
Environmental services provided:
Natural recharge to groundwater
Habitat space
Nursery shelter
Filtering toxins
Reducing floods and erosion

17. Marshes Grasses. reeds. SPARTINA (ex. salt marsh)

18. Bog Acidic waters, floor covered in moss Low in nutrients

19. Swamps Dominated by water loving trees

20. Mangrove Swamp

21. Human impacts on wetlands:
Pollution
Cleared for farming, residential or commercial development

22. Amazon River, South America Yangtze River, China
Rivers may originate from underwater springs (Nissequogue) or runoff from snow or rain
Congo River, Africa
Amazon River, South America
Yangtze River, China
End Day 1

23. HW: Finish Life in the Ocean Article and Questions
Do Now:
Take out HW from last night.
Draw a picture of the layers of the open ocean and label:
-intertidal zone
-continental shelf
-bathyal zone
-abyssal zone
-euphotic zone

26. Rocky Shore
Sandy Shore

27. Oceans
Because water absorbs light, sunlight that is usable by plants for photosynthesis penetrates only about 100 m into the ocean.

28. Coastal Zones – Characteristics
Located - from high tide mark to the edge of the continental shelf.
Nutrient rich warm water
High productivity
90% of all marine species

29. Intertidal zone Living in the tide
It’s the area of the shoreline between high and low tide. Deals with changes in NaCl levels and temperature extremes.
Urchins, kelp, mussels, sea star

30. BARRIER
ISLAND

31. A Barrier island is a long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore and helps protect the mainland.
Fire Island, A.C., Palm Beach

32. Corals live only in clear, warm salt water where there is enough light for photosynthesis.

33. Coral Reefs
Coral reefs are limestone ridges found in tropical climates and composed of coral fragments that are deposited around organic remains.
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34. Coral Reefs are in Danger of Being Lost
If the water surrounding a reef is too hot or too cold or if fresh water drains into the water surrounding a reef, the corals may die.

35. If the water is too muddy, polluted, or too high in nutrients, the algae that live within the corals will either die or grow out of control. This may kill the corals.

36. Importance of Coral Reefs
PROTECTION TO COASTLINES
ECONOMIC RESOURCES
BIODIVERSITY
NATURAL BEAUTY

38. D.O. and Nutrients in the Ocean
Concentration of nutrients in open ocean much less than that of soil
Oceans do contribute a decent amount to overall net primary productivity
D.O.-VARIES!
In areas where there is a lot of phytoplankton and
primary producers, there will be D.O.
At the bottom of the ocean there IS D.O.

39. DEPLETING THE WATER-60MINS

40. Life in the Ocean article- Read and answer the questions.
Finish for HW

41. HW: Study for exam tomorrow-Ch. 5, 6
HW: Study for exam tomorrow-Ch. 5, 6. Watch-Depleting the Waters-CBS 60 minutes (14mins)
Exam topics:
1) Terrestrial biomes characteristics (notes from presentations)
2) How to read a climograph
3) Air circulation notes (reason for seasons, winds-look at chapter diagrams)
4) Aquatic Biomes: Freshwater notes (zones of lakes, classification of lakes, nutrient, dissolved oxygen locations, ecological benefits. Types of marine organisms
5)Marine HW questions-coral reefs, estuaries (ecological benefits), open ocean productivity, open ocean layers
Do Now: Take out Life in the Ocean questions (to be checked)
Agenda:
Go over some questions
Planet Earth: Oceans Video clip

42. Planet Earth: Deep Ocean

43. Multiple Choice
1. Organisms living in coastal areas must adapt to what changes?
A. water level and degree of salinity
B. water level and amount of sunlight
C. temperature and availability of oxygen
D. temperature and availability of nutrients

44. Multiple Choice
1. Organisms living in coastal areas must adapt to what changes?
A. water level and degree of salinity
B. water level and amount of sunlight
C. temperature and availability of oxygen
D. temperature and availability of nutrients

45. Multiple Choice, continued
2. Oil spills, sewage, pesticides, and silt runoff have been linked to the widespread destruction of what kind of marine ecosystem?
A. coastal wetlands
B. coral reefs
C. mangrove swamps
D. salt marshes

46. Multiple Choice, continued
2. Oil spills, sewage, pesticides, and silt runoff have been linked to the widespread destruction of what kind of marine ecosystem?
A. coastal wetlands
B. coral reefs
C. mangrove swamps
D. salt marshes

47. Multiple Choice, continued
3.Which of the following correctly lists types of organisms in aquatic ecosystems from shallowest to deepest?
A. plankton, nekton, benthos
B. plankton, benthos, nekton
C. benthos, plankton, nekton
D. benthos, nekton, plankton

48. Multiple Choice, continued
3.Which of the following correctly lists types of organisms in aquatic ecosystems from shallowest to deepest?
A. plankton, nekton, benthos
B. plankton, benthos, nekton
C. benthos, plankton, nekton
D. benthos, nekton, plankton

49. Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the difference between swamps and marshes?
A. Marshes attract birds, swamps attract amphibians.
B. Marshes are freshwater, swamps are saltwater.
C. Marshes contain non-woody plants, swamps contain woody plants.
D. Marshes are mostly in the southeast U.S., swamps in the northeast U.S.

50. Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the difference between swamps and marshes?
A. Marshes attract birds, swamps attract amphibians.
B. Marshes are freshwater, swamps are saltwater.
C. Marshes contain non-woody plants, swamps contain woody plants.
D. Marshes are mostly in the southeast U.S., swamps in the northeast U.S.

51. Multiple Choice, continued
5.Which of the following would be considered among the most productive of ecosystems?
A. barrier island
B. estuary
C. river
D. salt marsh

52. Multiple Choice, continued
5.Which of the following would be considered among the most productive of ecosystems?
A. barrier island
B. estuary
C. river
D. salt marsh