2. We are learning about... We are learning how to... We need to use... Psychodynamic therapy for phobias Comment on and evaluate research evidence Noticing

3. Psychodynamic therapy What does a psychodynamic psychologist see as the problem a phobic patient has? How might that influence the way they try to solve the patient’s problems?

4. Catharsis Letting out the bad things trapped in the unconscious mind......gets rid of the symptoms being experienced consciously.

5. Psychodynamic therapy for phobia 1.Identify what the unconscious fear is 2.Help the client bring it to consciousness 3.Help the client understand, accept and then change how they deal with the fear

6. Psychodynamic therapy

7. Free association The client relaxes and tries not to think about anything. They simply allow thoughts to enter their mind and describe them to the therapist.

8. Dream analysis The client keeps a record of the things they dream about. They bring it to their therapy sessions and describe the dreams to the analyst.

9. What does it feel like when you notice something? Why is noticing important in the psychodynamic approach? How can you get better at noticing?

10. What’s the mnemonic for evaluating a therapy?

11. Evaluating a treatment: TEARS Time – How long does it take? Effectiveness – How much improvement does it produce? Acceptability – Is the procedure difficult or unpleasant? Relapse – How likely is the problem to come back? Side effects – Does the treatment have unintended consequences?

12. Effectiveness of psychotherapy Freud (1905) – the ‘Little Hans’ study Eysenck (1952) – study of therapy outcomes

13. Writing a paragraph of evaluation S.E.J. State the strength/weakness Explain why it is a strength/weakness Justify the criticism

14. Evaluating psychotherapy Time – Can take many years Effectiveness – Freud, Eysenck Acceptability – Requires examination of childhood & repressed memories Relapse – Symptom substitution Side effects – Upsetting & has potential for creating false memories

15. Homework Write a blog entry: How would a behaviourist and a psychoanalyst try to cure your bad habit? Which treatment would you rather have and why?