1. Labels for the Basic Features on a World Map day night

2. Topographic globes and maps show vertical elevations.

3. Each representation portrays the features of the earth in a different manner, so be careful in judging what is “correct”.

4. Use caution in interpreting maps, charts, and graphics!! There are many interpretations of the world, so choose your reality wisely !!

5. The most accurate representation of earth is a globe, but because of its spherical shape, only one side can be seen at a time. Any flat, 2D map of the world will have numerous distortions because to see all parts of earth, it must be “unfolded” onto a single plane, and herein lies distortion.

6. Renaissance Italy (14th to the 17th century) was a turning point in cartography (map making) because so little knowledge of the world was known prior.

7. Until the Renaissance, the earth was considered flat, so maps portrayed it that way.

8. All globes and maps have labels to identify its features, but obviously the have a limited capacity and often there are mixed pieces of information that can be confusing or give a false impression. Use what YOU know when choosing a map and be selective from the myriad of maps available to you.

9. Pacific view vs. Atlantic view vs. Polar view

10. Continents North America Europe Australia Asia Africa South America Antarctica

12. 7 major Oceans North Pacific Indian Ocean Arctic Ocean Southern Ocean / Antarctic South Pacific North Atlantic South Atlantic

13. Is the ocean floor flat like your bathtub? Of course not! It has topographic features the same as land, yet most relief maps show the oceans with no topography. North Pacific Indian Ocean Arctic Ocean Southern Ocean / Antarctic South Pacific North Atlantic South Atlantic North Pacific

14. Topographic Gulf of Mexico

15. Labrador Sea Bering Sea Hudson Bay Gulf of Mexico Gulf of Alaska Baffin Bay Caribbean Sea Beaufort Sea Minor Bodies of Water

16. Linkages and bodies of water Gulf of Guinea Arabian Sea Red Sea Mediterranean Sea Mozmbiue Channel Larger water bodies: Sea Gulf Bay Narrow water bodies that link larger waters: Channel Strait

17. Linkages of land Red Sea Isthmus – narrow land bridge between two larger land bodies Panama Greece Isthmus of Tehuantepec, MX

18. Land Forms Peninsula – land surrounded by water on 3 sides Florida Korea Islands – completely surrounded by water

19. Ar·chi·pel·a·go - a large group or chain of small islands Finland Myanmar

20. Prime meridian Longitude lines / meridians Date line Vertical meridians measure distance horizontally and establish time zones for the world.

21. Latitude circles / parallels measure distance vertically on the globe. Arctic Circle Equator Tropic of Cancer Antarctic Circle Tropic of Capricorn

22. Major Countries (political) USA Canada Australia Russia China Brazil India Alaska Mexico Greenland Mada- gascar Hawaii New Zealand (filming for Lord of the Rings)

23. Magnetic Force Fields North Pole South Pole

24. Aurora borealis and australis is a natural light display in the sky (particularly in the high latitude Arctic and Antarctic regions), caused by the collision of atoms with energetic, magnetically charged particles (often cause by eruptions on the sun).

25. Political maps (countries and man-made designations)

26. Minimizes distortion as a global representation (3D) is presented in two dimensions.

27. Topographic maps natural land features/ vegetation (Rivers, mountains, deserts, lakes, jungles, other land features)

28. Pacific view Misc. global views