1. ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD 550-1066

2. Before the Anglo-Saxon Period Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Celtic Gaul (Druids) Celtic Gaul (Druids) Brythons (Britons) Brythons (Britons) Claudius Claudius Roman Legions Roman Legions Scots and Picts (paganism) Scots and Picts (paganism) Constantine (Christianity) Constantine (Christianity) Fall of the Roman Empire Fall of the Roman Empire – Roman Influences

3. Germanic Invaders Angles, Saxons and Jutes Angles, Saxons and Jutes “Angle Land” “Angle Land” Blood feud, wergeld, ordeal Blood feud, wergeld, ordeal 7 kingdoms 7 kingdoms A/S life: Witan, warrior, scop A/S life: Witan, warrior, scop Earning immortality: reputation, Earning immortality: reputation, mead hall, boasting, craftsmanship Values of the A/S culture Values of the A/S culture Feudal System—earl, churl, freeman, thrall Feudal System—earl, churl, freeman, thrall

4. Rise of Christianity St. Augustine St. Augustine Archbishop of Canterbury Archbishop of Canterbury Benedict Biscop Benedict Biscop – Monks and monasteries—function of

5. Historical Records Venerable Bede Venerable Bede

6. Danes/Vikings Alfred the Great Alfred the Great Guthrum Guthrum Danelaw Danelaw Contributions of Alfred the Great Contributions of Alfred the Great Anglo Saxon Chronicle Anglo Saxon Chronicle Ethelred the Unready Ethelred the Unready King Swein King Swein Canute Canute Edward the Confessor Edward the Confessor Harold Godwinson/Harold the Saxon Harold Godwinson/Harold the Saxon

7. Norman Invasion Duke William the Bastard of Normandy Duke William the Bastard of Normandy Harold Hardrada Harold Hardrada Battle of Hastings Battle of Hastings William the Conqueror William the Conqueror

8. literature Kenning—a metaphorical compound word used in A/S poetry to replace a concrete noun or phrase Kenning—a metaphorical compound word used in A/S poetry to replace a concrete noun or phrase The swan’s sea=a calm sea The swan’s sea=a calm sea The whale’s home=a rough sea The whale’s home=a rough sea Battle prince=Beowulf Battle prince=Beowulf Alliteration—the repetition of the same consonant sounds mainly at the beginning of words Alliteration—the repetition of the same consonant sounds mainly at the beginning of words Ex. “summer’s song sung softly” Ex. “summer’s song sung softly” Epic—a long, narrative poem about the adventures of gods or a hero Epic—a long, narrative poem about the adventures of gods or a hero Beowulf Beowulf Elegy—a short, lyric poem; sad, somber, serious about personal intense emotion, usually about death Elegy—a short, lyric poem; sad, somber, serious about personal intense emotion, usually about death The Seafarer The Seafarer