1. Guide to the Lab Practical Information Only… No Lab Procedures included.

2. Components of an Experiment: Hypothesis - an educated guess –An If, Then Statement –Ex. If I water the plant, then it will grow. Independent Variable –The variable that changes (only 1) –Ex. The amount of water (5 mL, 10 mL) Dependent Variable –The variable that is measured –Ex. The amount the plant grows. (10 cm, 20 cm) Hypothesis - an educated guess –An If, Then Statement –Ex. If I water the plant, then it will grow. Independent Variable –The variable that changes (only 1) –Ex. The amount of water (5 mL, 10 mL) Dependent Variable –The variable that is measured –Ex. The amount the plant grows. (10 cm, 20 cm)

3. Simple Machines A machine is a tool used to make work easier. Simple machines are simple tools used to make work easier. Compound machines have two or more simple machines working together to make work easier.

4. Quick Physics Speed –Distance/ Time –Velocity is a speed in a direction Acceleration –Change in Velocity/ Time Force – a push or a pull –Gravity – attraction between all objects in the universe Strength affected by mass of objects & distance –Friction – force that acts opposite motion Kinetic energy changed to heat, sound, light, etc. Newton’s Laws of Motion #1 An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force. #2 The amount of force an object experiences is a product of the mass times the acceleration. #3 For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

5. Background Information: Calculating Volume of A Regular Solid Measure the sides using a Ruler V = L x W x H Units: cm3 Calculating Volume of A Regular Solid Measure the sides using a Ruler V = L x W x H Units: cm3 Calculating Volume of an Irregular Solid Use the Displacement MethodDisplacement Method Find the volume of water in a graduated cylinder. Place object in and measure new volume. Subtract to find object’s volume. Calculating Volume of an Irregular Solid Use the Displacement MethodDisplacement Method Find the volume of water in a graduated cylinder. Place object in and measure new volume. Subtract to find object’s volume.

6. DENSITY D= M/V –measures how packed together atoms/ molecules are in a substance If an object is in a fluid… Density relates to Buoyancy, the upward force in a fluid. –Caused by water being displaced. –It will sink if it is more dense If the object is more dense, the buoyant force is smaller than the weight of the object. It sinks! –It will float if it is less dense If the object is less dense, the buoyant force is larger than the weight of the object. It floats! –Density of Water = 1.0 g/cm 3 D= M/V –measures how packed together atoms/ molecules are in a substance If an object is in a fluid… Density relates to Buoyancy, the upward force in a fluid. –Caused by water being displaced. –It will sink if it is more dense If the object is more dense, the buoyant force is smaller than the weight of the object. It sinks! –It will float if it is less dense If the object is less dense, the buoyant force is larger than the weight of the object. It floats! –Density of Water = 1.0 g/cm 3

7. Where would you draw the object in this cup of water?? Triangle with a density of.03 g/ml Circle with a density of 2.09 g/ml Square with a density of 1.5 g/ml Place the object:

8. Using a Triple Beam BalanceTriple Beam Balance Using a Triple Beam BalanceTriple Beam Balance Make sure the TBB is at ZERO Place the Object on the Pan Move the 100s (middle) slider first, the 10s (back) slider second and Move the 1s (front) slider last. –Make sure the white lines are lined up. Record mass in grams. Make sure the TBB is at ZERO Place the Object on the Pan Move the 100s (middle) slider first, the 10s (back) slider second and Move the 1s (front) slider last. –Make sure the white lines are lined up. Record mass in grams.