1. Influence of statics and dynamics on high performance catenary designs A.Carnicero, J.R.Jimenez-Octavio (jesus.jimenez@upcomillas.es)jesus.jimenez@upcomillas.es M.Such, A.Ramos & C.Sánchez-Rebollo (csrebollo@upcomillas.es)csrebollo@upcomillas.es Pantograph Catenary Interaction Framework for Intelligent Control December 8 th, 2011 Amiens, France

2. 2 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Outline Influence of static and dynamics on… the catenary-pantograph interaction Influence of static and dynamics on… the optimization of the catenary designs Influence of static and dynamics on… the wind effects on the catenary Influence of static and dynamics on… the track-vehicle-pantograph-catenary interaction

3. 3 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Catenary-pantograph dynamic interaction Simplified lumped FEM Multibody dynamics Modal analysis PDAE s Difficulties & Models Geometric nonlinearity Contact nonlinearity Discretization (,t) Computational time Accuracy

4. 4 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Catenary simplified model Equivalent stiffness Equivalent mass

5. 5 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Catenary FEM based model Space discretization Type of elements Truss, Non-Linear truss or Co-rotational truss (only tension) Euler-Bernoulli beam, Non-Linear beam or Co-rotational beam Mass-Spring-Dumper Concentrate mass Segment-point contact Number of elements Time discretization Newmark family HHT generalized Distance (m) Height (m)

6. 6 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Space discretization Contact wire Messenger wire TrussEuler BeamCo-rotational Euler Beam 4.87 h.5.25 h.4.68 h. Co-rotational 6.02 h.5.81 h.6.04 h. Elements between droppers Messenger wire 369 3 2.65 h. 6 2.93 h.4.27 h.5.35 h. 9 6.04 h. 12 7.89 h. 15 9.90 h. Contact wire Element type

7. 7 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Moving mesh FEM model Distance (m) Height (m) Rough mesh Moving mesh

8. 8 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Density analysis & EN50318 validation Messenger wire Contact wire Moving mesh 510152025 30 332.16 h.2.22 h.2.29 h.2.27 h.2.29 h.2.33 h. 363.99 h.3.65 h.3.63 h.3.68 h.3.66 h.3.62 h. 697.69 h.7.78 h.7.30 h.7.03 h.6.86 h.6.65 h. EN50318:2002 Validation of simulation of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line. The Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI:2008) Energy subsection requires the simulation of the catenary-pantograph dynamics with a EN50318 validated simulation method

9. 9 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Comparison of the models - 300 km/h Distance (m) Contact force (N) Simplified MEF Moving Mesh

10. 10 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 The close-future 3D simulation model

11. 11 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Outline Influence of static and dynamics on… the catenary-pantograph interaction Influence of static and dynamics on… the optimization of the catenary designs Influence of static and dynamics on… the wind effects on the catenary Influence of static and dynamics on… the track-vehicle-pantograph-catenary interaction

12. 12 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Optimization of the geometry – Genetic Algorithms Distance (m) Height (m) Sizing Configuration Topology Materials Spans Masts Cables Droppers

13. 13 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Pareto front for the 1 st and all of the droppers

14. 14 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Optimized design – F Q1

15. 15 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Dynamic check of the designs - 300 km/h

16. 16 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Outline Influence of static and dynamics on… the catenary-pantograph interaction Influence of static and dynamics on… the optimization of the catenary designs Influence of static and dynamics on… the wind effects on the catenary Influence of static and dynamics on… the track-vehicle-pantograph-catenary interaction

17. 17 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Wind effects on the catenary Wind effects Statics Dynamics

18. 18 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Static effects on the catenary Position [m] Lateral displacement [m] Vertical displacement [m]

19. 19 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Buckling effects on the catenary

20. 20 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Contact force variation Position [m] Contact Force Variation [%] Distance [m] Height [m] Position [m] Contact Force Variation [%]

21. 21 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Outline Influence of static and dynamics on… the catenary-pantograph interaction Influence of static and dynamics on… the optimization of the catenary designs Influence of static and dynamics on… the wind effects on the catenary Influence of static and dynamics on… the track-vehicle-pantograph-catenary interaction

22. 22 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track Rail Clip Sleeper Rail Ballast

23. 23 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Random irregularities on the track

24. 24 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Effects of random irregularities on the track Differences around 3% in the contact forces and around 8% in displacements

25. 25 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Pass over long viaducts Differences over 10%, depending on the kind of large viaduct

26. 26 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Pass over short viaducts Differences up to 10%, depending on the kind of short viaduct

27. 27 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 A moving FEM mesh proposal has been compared to a simplified method based on statics and a classic FEM. The moving FEM mesh dynamic simulation is validated by EN50318, saves 30% CPU time over classic FEM mesh and has been used into the certification of the catenary Madrid-Barcelona line. Static parameters and criteria are not enough to tackle the geometric optimization of high performance catenary designs. Lateral wind can result in huge displacements and even the buckling of certain registration arms. The variability of the contact forces grows up besides the dynamic displacements may reach critical values. The simulation of the Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track with accurate static characteristics allows to obtain more realistic values of the Catenary-Pantograph dynamic interaction. Final remarks

28. Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Santa Cruz de Marcenado, 26 28015 Madrid Tel +34 91 542 28 00 Fax + 34 91 542 31 76 info@iit.upcomillas.es www.upcomillas.es Thanks for your attention A.Carnicero, J.R.Jimenez-Octavio (jesus.jimenez@upcomillas.es)jesus.jimenez@upcomillas.es M.Such, A.Ramos & C.Sánchez-Rebollo (csrebollo@upcomillas.es)csrebollo@upcomillas.es

29. 29 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Initial equilibrium problem The initial geometry of the catenary is unknown because is coupled with the wires tension The lenght of the droppers must be computed as a first step

30. 30 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Simplified models Equivalent stiffness (droppers slackening)

31. 31 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Simplified models Distance (m) Contact force (N)

32. 32 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 FEM models Distance (m) Contact force (N)

33. 33 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Moving mesh FEM model Distance (m) Displacement (N)

34. 34 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Geometry optimization

35. 35 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track Rail random irregularities

36. 36 Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Amiens, France December 8th, 2011 Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track Rail random irregularities