1. Special Senses Hearing and Equilibrium
Hearing: a response to vibrating air molecules
Equilibrium: the sense of motion, body orientation, and balance

2. Structures of the Ear semicircular canals labyrinth vestibule ossicles
pinna
cochlea
vestibulocochlear
nerve
external auditory meatus
tympanic membrane
eustachian tube
outer ear
inner ear
middle ear
Word Bank: cochlea, eustachian tube, external auditory meatus, inner ear, labyrinth, middle ear, ossicles, outer ear, pinna, semicircular canals, tympanic membrane, vestibule, vestibulocochlear nerve

3. Organ of hearing?
Ear >Inner ear > Cochlea > Organ of Corti

4. Type of receptor?
Mechanoreceptor

5. Type of receptor?
Mechanoreceptor

6. Nerve pathway?

7. Interpretation?
Temporal lobe

8. Difficulty Hearing?
Overactive ceruminous glands
Unexpected visitor

9. Sense of Equilibrium Try it: Stand on one foot.
Close your eyes and stand on one foot.
How is balance affected when sight is eliminated?
What organs must we be using?
Eye
Ear > Inner Ear > Vestibule and Semicircular Canals
Receptors used?
Mechanoreceptor
Photoreceptor

10. Hair cells in vestibule are stimulated by changes in space.
Static Equilibrium
(Position in Space)
Hair cells in vestibule are stimulated by changes in space.

11. Dynamic Equilibrium
(Perception of motion)
-linear (driving forward)
-angular (turning the corner)
Movement causes hair cells in semicircular canal to bend.

12. Nerve pathways
Try It!
Hold the anatomy book in front of you in a comfortable reading distance. Fix your gaze on the middle of the page.
Move the book left and right about once per second.
Now hold the book still and shake your head from side to side at the same rate.
Nerves for eye movement are important in the sense of equilibrium.

13. Interpretation?
Parietal lobe
Cerebellum
Spinal cord

14. Motion Sickness Motion Sickness is a contradiction of senses.
Which senses?
Watch video

15. Video