1. Chapter 21, Lesson 3 Changing Culture

2. Education Mandatory school in most states by 1914 Public High Schools: 100-1860, 12,000-1914 Mostly girls (boys working) Few Afr Am in South went to poor quality, segregated schools 1900 New philosophy (ideas or beliefs) in education by John Dewey: progressive education-learning by doing, not memorizing

3. Colleges/Universities 1862 Morrill Act gave states land for schools (land-grant colleges) By 1910, women’s colleges accounted for 40% of students: Vassar, Smith, Wellesley, & Bryn Mawr Hampton Institute & Howard U for Afr Am

4. Tuskegee 1881 Hampton student Booker T Washington founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama 1896 scientist George Washington Carver joined staff Developed 100s of products from peanuts: paper, plastic, peanut butter

5. Readers Carnegie pledged to build a public library in any city that would pay to run it Realism: literature based on lives of ordinary people Regionalism: lit. based on specific region of the country Mark Twain was both: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn & The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, set along the Mississippi River

6. American Authors Stephen Crane wrote about city slums in Maggie: A Girl of the Streets & Civil War in Red Badge of Courage Jack London wrote about lives of hunters & miners in The Sea Wolf & The Call of the Wild Edith Wharton wrote about upper-class Easterners The House of Mirth & The Age of Innocence

7. Newspapers New inventions in printing made daily newspapers possible Joseph Pulitzer ran the New York World, had over 1 million daily readers William Randolph Hearst ran the New York Morning Journal had 1 million+, used pictures & cartoons Hearst used yellow journalism to exaggerate & sensationalize stories

8. Leisure & Arts Spectator sports (games watched for fun) were popular-baseball & football Dr James Naismith invented basketball in 1890s http://youtu.be/ug2MF5gJN04 Wealthy played golf & tennis at private clubs Bicycle riding was popular

9. Vaudeville & Movies Theaters in cities became very popular Inexpensive vaudeville shows included dancing, singing, comedy, & magic Travelling circus Edison invented moving pictures (movies) 1 st theaters called nickelodeons (cost 5¢)

10. Art American painters used realist themes Frederic Remington portrayed life in American West: cowhands & Native Americans Winslow Homer: Southern farmers, Adirondack campers, & stormy sea scenes Impressionist Childe Hassam painted scenes of NYC & landscape of New England

11. Remington

12. Homer

13. Hassam

14. Music Jazz: combined work songs, gospel, spirituals, & African rhythms Jelly Roll Morton: http://youtu.be/ujFWZrs6pow Ragtime: used syncopation (shifting usual musical accent) Scott Joplin: http://youtu.be/fPmruHc4S9Q