1. The global policy agenda on social protection: Where do we stand today? Technical meeting Inclusive social protection for persons with disabilities Geneva, 22-23 January 2015 Christina Behrendt Social Protection Department International Labour Office

2. Outline 1.The global policy context for social protection: shifting paradigms 2.The role of social protection floors 3.The way ahead 2

3. 1. The global policy context for social protection: shifting paradigms 3

4. The global context 4 Many low and middle income countries have extended social protection in recent years Some improvements also with regard to disability benefits and access to mainstream schemes for PWDs

5. Shifting social protection paradigm(s) … and stronger emphasis on social protection systems 5 Paradigm shift at the global level on the role of social protection in development Strategic frameworks of UNICEF, World Bank, ILO and others emphasize the need to build coherent social protection systems. Seeking coordinated approaches:  Social Protection Interagency Cooperation Board (SPIAC-B).  Inter-agency Social Protection Assessment tools (iSPA) Washington consensus Grow first, distribute later (if at all) Consolidate public budgets Cuts in public services Short-term social safety nets to cushion the repercussions of adjustment policies Social protection polices not affordable Pro-poor growth Focus on social protection targeted on the poor and vulnerable Risk management approach Support for (conditional) cash transfers, health and education Inclusive growth Social protection indispensable for social and economic development Universal and progressive approach Emphasis on social protection systems Strengthening national financial and institutional capacities Where are we?

6. Changing policy paradigms: the economic, social and rights arguments for social protection Investment in social protection Healthier and better educated population Higher productivity More decent employment Inclusive economic growth, more fiscal space 6 Promoting decent employment and inclusive growth Ensuring social justice Realizing human rights New focus on the economic argument for social protection Where are PWDs in this?

7. The emergence of the social protection floor concept social protection floors adequate standard of living food health housing education work just and favourable conditions of work participatio n 7  Social protection floor concept emerged from discussions in ILO  SPF endorsed by UN in 2009 (joint UN crisis response initiative)  International Labour Conference decided in 2011 to discuss a possible Recommendation on SPFs in 2012  ILO Social Protection Floors Recommendation (No. 202) adopted in 2012 as a new international labour standard  Social protection floors as an integrated policy approach to contribute to the realization of human rights  Social protection floors considered as «minimum core content» of the human right to social security Implications for PWDs?

8. 2. The role of social protection floors 8

9. The two-fold objective of Recommendation No. 202: National social protection floors... 9 (a) Establish and maintain, as applicable, social protection floors as a fundamental element of their national social security systems (b) Implement social protection floors within strategies for the extension of social security that progressively ensure higher levels of social security to as many people as possible, guided by ILO social security standards nationally defined sets of basic social security guarantees which secure protection aimed at preventing or alleviating poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion Provides guidance to members to Horizontal dimension: Guaranteeing access to essential health care and minimum income security for all Vertical dimension: progressively ensuring higher levels of protection guided by C.102 and more advanced standards Outcome -oriented approac h

10. ... and national strategies for the extension of social security 10 (a) Establish and maintain, as applicable, social protection floors as a fundamental element of their national social security systems (b) Implement social protection floors within strategies for the extension of social security that progressively ensure higher levels of social security to as many people as possible, guided by ILO social security standards nationally defined sets of basic social security guarantees which secure protection aimed at preventing or alleviating poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion Provides guidance to members to Horizontal dimension: Guaranteeing access to essential health care and minimum income security for all Vertical dimension: progressively ensuring higher levels of protection guided by C.102 and more advanced standards Progressively build and maintain comprehensive and adequate social security systems Outcome -oriented approac h

11. Building national social protection floors: At least four nationally-defined guarantees access to a set of goods and services constituting essential health care including maternity care basic income security for children providing access to nutrition, education, care and any other necessary goods and services basic income security for persons in active age unable to earn sufficient income basic income security for persons in old age NATIONAL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR: nationally defined basic social security guarantees NATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM Higher levels of protection

12. Social protection floors within national social security systems: Some key points 12 Nationally defined set of basic social security guarantees aimed at preventing or alleviating poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion (not limited to these four guarantees) Universal access to health care (including maternity care), aiming at achieving universal health coverage. Health care utilization should not lead to hardship and increased poverty risk. Explicitly linking income security for children to access to nutrition, education and care Income security (including incomes in cash and in-kind) should allow life in dignity and ensure access to necessary goods and services National definition of minimum levels should allow life in dignity. Regular review through transparent procedure with participation of social partners and other stakeholders. National definition of minimum levels should allow life in dignity. Regular review through transparent procedure with participation of social partners and other stakeholders. Systemic and rights- based approach. Entitlements set out in national law and with accessible appeal procedures. Coordination with related policy areas (employment, economic, other social policies) Systemic and rights- based approach. Entitlements set out in national law and with accessible appeal procedures. Coordination with related policy areas (employment, economic, other social policies) Responds to social security needs of the entire population, including the middle class R202 provides an integrated multidimensional framework to assess national social security systems as a whole and specific programmes against various criteria based on clear principles.

13. 3. The way ahead 13

14. Ongoing work streams 14  Social Protection Interagency Co-operation Board (SPIAC-B).  Inter-agency Social Protection Assessment tools (iSPA)  Social protection floor initiative  One-UN social protection floor teams  Social protection and human rights  UN Special rapporteurs  Human Rights Council, March 2015  Web platform «Linking social protection and human rights»  Post-2015

15. Reference documents ILO social security strategy and Social Protection Floors Recommendation ● Social protection for all: Building social protection floors and social security systems: The strategy of the International Labour Organization, Geneva: ILO, 2012. Social protection for all: Building social protection floors and social security systems: The strategy of the International Labour Organization ● ILO Recommendation concerning national floors of social protection (Social Protection Floors Recommendation), 2012 (No. 202). ILO Recommendation concerning national floors of social protection ● Report of the Social Protection Floors Committee, Provisional Records No. 14, 101st Session of the International Labour Conference, Geneva, ILO, 2012. Report of the Social Protection Floors Committee ● Social protection floors for social justice and a fair globalization, Reports IV(1, 2A and 2B), 101th Session of the International Labour Conference, Geneva: ILO, 2012. Social protection floors for social justice and a fair globalization, Reports IV(1, 2A and 2B ● Report of the Committee for the Recurrent Discussion on Social Protection (including Resolution and Conclusions), 100th Session of the International Labour Conference, Provisional Records No. 24), Geneva, ILO, 2011. Report of the Committee for the Recurrent Discussion on Social Protection ● Social security for social justice and a fair globalization, 100th Session of the International Labour Conference, Report VI, Geneva, ILO, 2011. Social security for social justice and a fair globalization More general ● World Social Protection Report 2014/15: Building economic recovery, inclusive development and social justice (Geneva: ILO, 2014). World Social Protection Report 2014/15: Building economic recovery, inclusive development and social justice ● Extending social security to all. A guide through challenges and options (Geneva: ILO, 2010). Extending social security to all. A guide through challenges and options ● Social Protection Floor Advisory Group: Social protection floor for a fair and inclusive globalization (Geneva: ILO, 2011).: Social protection floor for a fair and inclusive globalization ● Sharing Innovative Experiences: Successful Social Protection Floor Experiences (New York and Geneva: UNDP, Special Unit for South-South Cooperation and ILO, 2011). Sharing Innovative Experiences: Successful Social Protection Floor Experiences ● See also social protection web platform: www.social-protection.org/ www.social-protection.org/ contact: behrendt@ilo.org