1. THE ROLE OF QEEG IN COMPREHENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF ADHD CHILDREN OF ADHD CHILDREN Zorcec Tatjana¹, Pop-Jordanova Nada¹, Mueller Andreas², Biljana Gjoneska³ ¹ Pediatric Clinic, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Macedonia ² Praxis fur kind, Organisation und Enwicklung, Chur, Switzerland ³ Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia

2. INTERPRETATION OF THE BRAIN “THE BRAIN IN VAIN” “THE BRAIN STRAIN” “THE BRAIN EXPLAIN”

3. Q-EEG (Quantitative EEG / Computerized EEG / Brain Mapping) Q-EEG vs EEG: Q-EEG ALLOWS PRECISE AND OBJECTIVE QUANTIFICATION OF THE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN PARTICULAR REGIONS OF THE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN PARTICULAR REGIONS OF THE BRAIN AND RELATIONS BETWEEN THEM. IT PERMITS AN ACCURATE "PATTERN RECOGNITION" WHICH IS IMPOSSIBLE WITH ROUTINE VISUAL ANALYSIS OF EEG NEUROINFORMATICS DEFINITION: COMPARISON OF EEG DATA FROM INVESTIGATED SUBJECT WITH NORMATIVE EEG DATABASE USING STATISTICAL ANALYSIS.

4. ANALYSIS OF FEATURES PRINCIPLE OF WORK RECORDING OF MULTICHANNEL EEG SIGNAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTION OF FEATURES COMPARISON OF EEG DATA

5. Q-EEG AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL: - EPILEPSY; - CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES; - POSTTRAUMATIC SYNDROME; - LEARNING DISABILITY; - - ATTENTION DISORDERS; - SCHIZOPHRENIA; - DEPRESSION/MANIA etc. NEUROMATH WORKSHOP Advanced Methods for the Estimation of Human Brain Activity & Connectivity, 29 th April, 2008, Jena, Germany ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: INATTENTIVENESSDISTRACTIBILITYIMPULSIVITYHYPERACTIVITY

6. Q-EEG & ADHD: - DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN ADHD AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS; -DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN ADHD AND OTHER PATHOLOGIES; - SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC TOOL TO SUBTYPE ADHD NEUROMATH WORKSHOP Advanced Methods for the Estimation of Human Brain Activity & Connectivity, 29 th April, 2008, Jena, Germany 2001 CLARKE, BARRY, MCCARTHY, SELIKOWITZ 2001 CLARKE, BARRY, MCCARTHY, SELIKOWITZ 3 DISTINCT EEG CLUSTERS OF ADHD CHILDREN -INCREASED SLOW WAVE ACTIVITY AND DEFICIENCIES OF FAST WAVE; - INCREASED HIGH AMPLITUDE THETA WITH DEFICIENCIES OF BETA ACTIVITY; - AN EXCESS BETA GROUP; ADHD SUBTYPES: 2007 ZORCEC, POP-JORDANOVA, MUELLER 2007 ZORCEC, POP-JORDANOVA, MUELLER CONFIRMED EXISTENCE OF MORE SPECIFIC EEG CLUSTERS OF ADHD CHILDREN OF ADHD CHILDREN

7. SUBJECTS 20 CHILDREN DIAGNOSED WITH ADHD. MEAN AGE: 10.5±2.35 YEARS (MIN. 7; MAX 12 YEARS OLD) INCLUSION CRITERIA: ADHD DIAGNOSIS (ACCORDING TO ICD-10); SCHOOLAGED CHILDREN (7-12 YEARS); IQ > 90 CHILDREN FREE OF ANY MEDICATIONS CHILDREN FREE OF ANY MEDICATIONS ABSENCE OF COMORBIDITIES INFORMED CONSENT FROM THE PARENTS.

8. METHOD RECORDING APARATURE: STANDARDIZED 21 MITSAR EEG; MONTAGE: MONTAGE: INTERNATIONAL 10/20 SYSTEM. REFERENTIAL MONTAGE: LINKED EARLOBES. ELECTRODE IMPEDANCE: < 5 KOHMS DIGITIZATION RATE: 512 SAMPLES PER MINUTE. 512 SAMPLES PER MINUTE. BAND-PASS FILTER: 1-50 HZ NEUROMATH WORKSHOP 29 th April, 2008, Jena, Germany

9. RESULTS RESULTS MOST OF THE CHILDREN (45%) BELONG TO THE SLOW ALPHA EXCESS SUBTYPE. IMPAIRMENT IS IN THE LIMBIC SYSTEM. GENERATOR IS THE MIDDLE FRONTAL CORTEX AND ANTERIOR CINGULAR GYRUS. IMPAIRMENT IS IN THE LIMBIC SYSTEM. GENERATOR IS THE MIDDLE FRONTAL CORTEX AND ANTERIOR CINGULAR GYRUS. THIS INFLUENCES EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS WHICH ARE THE HIGHEST COGNITIVE PROCESS. BEHAVIOURALLY, CHILDREN HAVE EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS.

10. RESULTS RESULTS

11. 30% BELONG TO THE SUBTYPE: INCREASED THETA AMPLITUDE IN THE FRONTO-CENTRAL CORTEX 30% BELONG TO THE SUBTYPE: INCREASED THETA AMPLITUDE IN THE FRONTO-CENTRAL CORTEX. IMPAIRMENT IS IN THE CORTEX-BASAL GANGLIA-THALAMUS-CORTEX LOOP. “TYPICAL” ADHD BEHAVIOR

12. RESULTS RESULTS

13. 25% BELONG TO THE SUBTYPE: HIGH BETHA ACTIVITY IN FRONTO-CENTRAL OR PARIETAL CORTEX. UNIDENTIFIED IMPAIRMENT. “TYPICAL” ADHD BEHAVIOR WITH EASY AND FAST BLOCKADES IN THEIR EFFICIENCY.

14. RESULTS RESULTS

15. TO TRANSFORM THE RAW INFORMATION INTO QUALITY IDEA TROUGH THE COURSE OF ITS ORGANIZATION, SYSTEMATIZATION AND PROCESSING. THE ROLE OF QEEG CONCLUSION

16. BRIDGE BETWEEN NEUROSCIENCE AND INFORMATICS THE MEANING OF QEEG CONCLUSION ADVANCED METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF HUMAN BRAIN ACTIVITY AND CONNECTIVITY UNEXPLORED POTENTIAL. ADVANTAGES STILL REMAIN OPEN FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION