2. Terms to know Zygote – The cell that is created when the sperm and egg unite. Contains 46 chromosomes. Blastocyst – The term used to describe the zygote as it starts to divide into multiple cells. Implantation – When the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall. Embryo – Name given to the blastocyst once it attaches to the lining of the uterus. Fetus – Name given to the embryo at the end of the second month (8 weeks) until birth.

3. Terms cont. Placenta – The tissue that holds the embryo to the uterine wall. Consists of blood vessels to transfer nutrients and waste back and forth from child & mother. Umbilical Cord – Connects embryo to placenta. Usually about 20 inches in length. Labor – The contractions during the birthing process to push the baby through the birth canal. Starts gradually, frequency increases toward the end. Infertile – Inability to have children. Can affect men and women. Contraception – Methods used to prevent pregnancy. Examples: Birth control pill, condom, diaphragm, etc.

4. Responsibilities of Parents Provide: love and guidance to the child Education Shelter Food Clothing Medical Care Nurturing

5. Pregnancy Fertilization (Also called Conception) Joining of Sperm (from male) and egg (from female). Usually occurs in the fallopian tubes, then implants into the uterus.

6. 0-5 weeks The newly formed cell is called a Zygote 4-5 days after fertilization, the Blastocyst implants into the uterine wall. (now called an embryo) Placenta and umbilical cord form to transfer nutrients and waste products.

7. 6-10 Weeks Baby is now called a “Fetus” Eyes begin to develop 1.22 inches in length Heart and brain have been forming since implantation The head is about ½ the length of the fetus…the rest of the body will start to grow more rapidly after the 10 th week

8. End of 1 st trimester Thyroid gland starts to produce hormones 3.42 inches in length Skin is still transparent Can move fingers and toes May start to suck their thumb while in the womb

9. End of 2 nd trimester Average size is 14.4 inches Responds to sound “Breathing” in the amniotic fluid which helps develop the lungs Eyelids are able to open and the fetus can distinguish between light and dark

10. End of 3 rd trimester Average weight is 7.25 lbs. Average length is 19.9 inches. Lungs are fully developed Fetus has taken a “head down” position, this places pressure on the cervix to prepare for childbirth.

11. Twins in the womb Weeks 1-8

12. Twins~week 16

13. Twins~week 24

14. Twins~week 36

15. Problems During Pregnancy Ectopic Pregnancy – Condition that occurs when the blastocyst implants into the fallopian tube instead of the uterus. Toxemia – A Serious condition where the mother develops high blood pressure and swelling of the body tissues. Miscarriage – The expulsion of a dead zygote, blastocyst, embryo, or fetus from the uterus. Stillbirth – The birth of a dead, full-term fetus. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome – Birth defects that occur from a mother that drinks alcohol during a pregnancy.