1. The Market Revolution Chapter 9 Section 1

2. I US Markets Expands Shift from Self- Sufficiency  specialization – Self Sufficiency= rising variety of food for their own fam – Specialization=raising 1 or 2 crops to sell at home or abroad This shift  market rev. in which ppl bought and sold goods rather then make it themselves

3. A. Entrepreneurial Spirit Quick growing econ. Depended on capitalism – Capitalism=the econ system in which private businesses and individuals control means of production to make profits Entrpreneurs invest own $ in new industries  increase indust. Output Amer. agriculture provided needed food for indust. Cities which fueled indust. Machine – Farmers use $ from selling food to buy manufac. Goods Tech advances  lower prices  amer> becoming consumers

4. II Inventions and Improvements Samuel F.B. Morse invents telegraph Telegraph used to transmit orders & info – New RR employ telegraph Steamboats used to move raw mat. Canals shortlived because of RR – RR trans. In all weather & ppl not close to waterway

5. III Markets Link Regions Steamboats link S & N while RR & Telegraph linked E & W – These links  dev. Of regional specialties E manufactured textiles & machinery W dev. Grain and livestock that fed eastern cities & Europe S exported cotton to England to NE

6. A. Northeast Shipping & Manufacturing NYC becomes central link btwn Amer. agriculture and European markets Rise in manufacturing  prduced more and better goods at lower prices then before Improvement in trans. Allowe ppl to purchase items from distant places

7. B. Midwest Farming As NE industrialized many ppl moved west to farm Land had to be made arable=fit to cultivate Inventions made farming efficient and cheaper  more profits – Steel plow invented by John Deere allowed farmers to replace ox w/ horses – Mechanical reaper= invented by McCormick which permitted 1 farmer to do work of 5

8. These improvements caused shift from sustenance farming to growing cash crops – Same boats that brought their farming equip. shipped their crops to markets in east

9. C. Southern Agriculture Northeast embraced industry while S remained agricultural and relied on tobacco, cotton & rice Looked down on N factories but could not invest if wanted to because too much already invested in land and slaves Northern and southerners sought land and wealth in the “limitless” west