1. The Expansion of Trade Marco…..Polo Why do you think that Marco Polo’s name has become a game?

2. International Trade The routes that connected the civilizations from the Mediterranean in the west, to the Pacific Ocean in the east, was called the “________ ________”. These routes led to the exchange of not only goods, but ________ and ________. Why is Italy’s location described as “Europe’s gateway to the East”?

3. The Crusades and Trade Way before Marco Polo, a series of religious wars between __________ and __________ forces. This meant that trade between Italian cities and the East had already been established. These wars became known as “_______________.” http://ca.youtube.com/watch?v=Bkkv2NDiMx 8&feature=related

4. There were 2 important results of the Crusades for Europeans: 1. Contact with Muslim civilization 2. Trade The Muslim world was more advanced than Europe. Because of their travels and contacts, Europeans saw new ideas about medicine, astronomy, philosophy, ________, and literature. Muslim societies welcomed the contributions of __________ and __________ scholars.

6. Crusaders came back to Europe with new goods; such as, oil, spices, and a variety of fruit from the Muslim world. They wanted more of these good which led to increased trade between Europe and the East.

7. Goods from the East How do you think that your life would be different without international trade? A lot of the goods that Italian merchants brought back after the crusades were luxury items not available in Europe These were things like: rugs, jewels, fabrics (silk, muslin, taffeta, and satin), spices (the most sought after). Spices were worth the most as they improved and preserved food. Pepper was so valuable was worth more than its weight in gold. Merchants rushed to Italy from all over Europe to grab the goods and cell to other cities and trading centres.

8. Moving Goods and Resources Goods were moved at an enormous expense (remember that they didn’t have the same things as we do). They had to move by ships up the coast or along rivers, or overland by horse, mule, or ox. There became a huge amount of trade local for resources, as well as luxury goods from the East. Areas that were rich in minerals (salt, copper, iron, lead, and precious metals), timber, fur, and fish exchanged these for cloth and manufactured goods produced in other areas. Those most actively involved with trade were German and Dutch ships from Northern Europe, as well as ships from Genoa and Venice in the Mediterranean.

9. Jacques Cartier This guy arrived in Canada in 1534. He found that the first nations were happy to trade furs, knives, and iron. Trade was important relations among various First Nations people. Like Europe, there was a vast network of trade routes across North America that linked peoples and allowed for the exchange of goods. Most trade routes developed along rivers, lakes, and coastlines.

10. Cree Burn Lake, Alberta Trade was important relations among various First Nations people. Cree Burn Lake, in northeastern Alberta was a gathering place for the Plains Cree and Dene. They met for trade, social gathering, and spiritual ceremonies in the summer. Also, because of the tar sands which they used to repair their canoes. It is still used as a place for gathering by First Nations people today.

11. Fast Forward pg. 46 Canada’s International Trade - you need do this fast forward, you may work on your own or with a partner.