2. VII. Standing water ecosystems

3. A. Types 1. Most diverse of aquatic environments 2. No net flow of water through the system 3. Includes lakes, ponds, marshes, swamps, fens, and bogs

4. B. Organisms 1. Usually have several layers a. Microscopic organisms are plankton 1. Phytoplankton use photosynthesis 2. Zooplankton do not b. Also have pelagic fish c. Benthic fish along with turtles feed on the bottom

6. C. Wetlands 1. Wetlands are areas where plant roots are submerged with water at least part of the year a. Can be salt or freshwater, can even be flowing 2. Act as filters for chemicals and can be used for waste water treatment

8. 3. Act as a breeding ground for many animals 4. Being drained for development and other uses 5. Now are protected; to drain you must get government permission and you must build a new wetland

10. D. Everglades 1. Used to cover 160 Km being 2m at its deepest 2. Have a wet and a dry season 3. Drained for farming and travel 4. Bird and reptile populations down by 50% 5. Now being restored, 100,000 acres returned a. Still endangered but coming back