1. ADDRESSING SOIL ALKALINITY, SALINITY AND SODICITY

2. The Problem Salt Affected Water Salt Affected Soils Accounting for 20%
or more of total
cropable land
Looking at INDIA as
a typical example

3. - and it keeps on growing!
The Problem
Salt Affected Water
Salt Affected Soils
Accounting for 20%
or more of total
cropable land
Looking at INDIA as
a typical example
- and it keeps on growing!

4. The “Solution”

5. What is ?
is Australian based liquid technology for highly efficient and cost effective reclamation of Saline and Sodic affected soils.
Our development of an efficient and cost effective solution to this global problem first commenced in Australia in 1999 and after 12 long years we are proud to offer
in the fight for reclaiming SALINE and SODIC soils

6. What is ?
It’s an environmentally friendly, safe and easy to use highly efficient liquid for converting salt affected soils back into productive fertile soils at a lower cost and in a fraction of the time it takes other methods of reclamation

7. What is ?
It’s quite a complex proprietary solution, although we can say one of its many functions is to provide a highly mobile source of calcium ions to rapidly convert Sodium Chloride (NaCl) a poison to plants to Calcium Chloride (CaCl) a nutrient to plants

8. What is ?
The same highly efficient source of calcium ions also displaces sodium ions attached to clay particles in SODIC soils thus breaking up the clay allowing far greater water ingress and far easier emergence of seedlings through the soil

9. What are SALINE and SODIC Soils
They are soils with excess dissolved salts and/or Sodium Ions.
These can be classified by measuring the:
Electrical conductivity of the soil
pH of the soil
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage of the soil
Salt affected soils fall into one of three categories
SALINE
SODIC (ALKALI)
SALINE/SODIC

10. Identifying SALINE, SODIC and SALINE/SODIC Soils

11. Identifying SALINE, SODIC and SALINE/SODIC Soils

12. Identifying SALINE, SODIC and SALINE/SODIC Soils

13. What are SALINE Soils
Saline Soils: Are soils that contain high total soluble salts that can adversely affect plant health and growth.
An important note is that saline soils still have good soil structure intact.
Saline soils have chlorine present (Cl) where sodic soils usually lack chlorine.
Soil pH for saline soils is usually between 7 and 8.5. An older name for saline soil is “white alkali” since a white salt film is often present on dry patches of bare ground.
Salinity Below Root Zone
Rising Salt Levels

14. What are SODIC Soils
Sodic Soils: Sodic soil have high enough levels of sodium ions to affect soil structure
This means the sodium binds to clay particles so the clay in the soil does not stick together when the soil becomes moist
It often becomes easily waterlogged, not allowing water to drain When it does dry out, it becomes like concrete and is difficult for plant roots to penetrate
Because the soil does not hold together the soil easily erodes away, especially on hillsides
The plants exhibit drought stress even with what appears to be adequate moisture
The pH of sodic soils are usually between 8.5 and 10

15. What are SALINE/SODIC Soils
Sodic/Saline Soils: These soils are a mixture of both
but saline/Sodic soil usually exhibit more of the characteristic of saline soil especially reduced water uptake by plants, leaf burn, etc.
On occasion it will cause structural problems in soil
Treatment of these soils are the same with all three

16. Two Main Up Front Advantages with
in treating SALINE, SODIC or SALINE/SODIC soils

17. Realized Within Weeks not Years
Two Main Up Front Advantages with
Low Treatment Cost
Saving $$$ per Hectare
Fast Results
Realized Within Weeks not Years

18. Low Treatment Cost
– Comparison against gypsum as source of Ca++

19. Fast Results

20. Fast Results - Conductivity reduced dramatically within WEEKS!

21. Fast Results - Sodium reduction dramatically within WEEKS!

22. Visual Examples
A very SALINE soil showing SODIC soil (Alkali) with hard
White Salt Deposits surface and poor drainage

23. Salinity
Salt Welling Up Extreme Dry Salinity

24. + = Salinity Productivity (Poison to Plants) (Nutrient to Plants)
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
(Poison to Plants)
Calcium Chloride (CaCl2)
(Nutrient to Plants)

25. Sodicity (SODIC)
Water Not Penetrating Forms Hard Crust When Dries

26. Sodicity (SODIC) Productivity
SODIC PRODUCTIVE
Before Application of After Application of
Clay Partials
Closely Bound
Clay Partials
Dispersed
Water Not Penetrating
Water Penetrating

27. Typical Application Result for the Technology
Treated Section
(GeoSal™ Technology)
Foreground Untreated
(control)

28. Fast, Effective and Efficient
Advanced Technology
Fast, Effective and Efficient
in the Fight to Reclaim Salt Affected Soils

29. sales@gtm-au.com tech_support@gtm-au.com

30. END