1. Project X goals and organization Sergei Nagaitsev October 4, 2011

2. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 2 Motivation for Project X We want to build at Fermilab the most intense source of protons to drive the study of neutrinos and rare processes For neutrinos, need pulsed beam For rare processes, pulsed machines are not useful since accidental rates are the main limitation: we must use either synchrotrons with slow spill or CW linacs

3. Metrics to Measure Proton Accelerator Capabilities 1. Average beam power on target  By far, the most important metric 2. Beam energy on target  Muons: ~0.8 GeV – 15 GeV  Kaons: ≥ 3 GeV  Neutrinos: ≥ few GeV  Nuclear: 1-2 GeV 3. Bunch format (or bunch timing)  Small duty-factor for neutrinos (minimize background)  Special formats for NF/MC  CW for all others Bunch spacing depends on decay time Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 3

4. This science has attracted competition: The proton source landscape this decade... Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 4

5. Where are our competitors? The closest competition is from J-PARC  200 kW -> 1 MW at 3 GeV (RCS)  100 kW -> 0.7 MW at 30 GeV (MR)  However, operations split between fast extraction (2/3) and slow extraction (1/3)  Slow extraction plan: 100 kW by 2015 At present, only the Fermilab MI accelerator capabilities may be considered competitive… Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 5

6. 6 Reference design configuration 3-GeV, 1-mA CW linac provides beam for rare processes program  ~ 3 MW; flexible provision for beam formats supporting multiple users  <5% of beam is sent to the MI 3-8 GeV acceleration: pulsed linac  Linac would be 1300 MHz with <5% duty cycle  Up to 200 kW beam power available at 8 GeV 3 MW @ 3 GeV 200 kW @ 8 GeV 2.2 MW @ 120 GeV

7. Project X vs. other facilities Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 7

8. The High Duty Factor Proton Sources Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 8

9. 9 Proposed Siting Pulsed Linac CW Linac Pulsed 3-8 GeV Linac based on ILC / XFEL technology 3-GeV research campus

10. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 10

11. SRF Linac Technology Map Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 11  =0.1  =0.22  =0.4  =0.61  =0.9 325 MHz 10-160 MeV  =1.0 1.3 GHz 3-8 GeV 650 MHz 0.16-3 GeV SectionFreqEnergy (MeV)Cav/mag/CMType HWR (  G =0.1) 162.52.1-10~9 /6/1HWR, solenoid SSR1 (  G =0.22) 32510-42~16/~16/ 2SSR, solenoid SSR2 (  G =0.4) 32542-16040/20/4SSR, solenoid LB 650 (  G =0.61) 650160-46036 /24/65-cell elliptical, doublet HB 650 (  G =0.9) 650460-3000160/40/205-cell elliptical, doublet ILC 1.3 (  G =1.0) 13003000-8000224 /28 /289-cell elliptical, quad CW Pulsed 162.5 MHz 2.1-10 MeV

12. Where to find information? Website: http://projectx.fnal.gov/http://projectx.fnal.gov/ Documents: http://projectx-docdb.fnal.gov/http://projectx-docdb.fnal.gov/ Meetings: https://indico.fnal.gov/https://indico.fnal.gov/  ->Projects Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 12

13. Project X status: preconceptual planning (pre CD0) Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 13

14. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 14 Organizational Mission Complete all activities required to establish and then execute Project X as a DOE construction project  Goal is to be ready to construct in FY2016  Design program aimed at creating/documenting a viable concept  R&D program aimed at validating critical technologies, establishing fabrication techniques, and qualifying partners  Undertaken as a national project with international participation Fermilab as the lead laboratory Working Timeline (not approved by DOE) CD-0FY 2012 CD-1FY 2013 CD-2FY 2014 CD-3FY 2016 CD-4FY 2021

15. Project X organization Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 15 Holmes, Mishra Nagaitsev, Kerby Kephart Lebedev (dep) Solyak Kourbanis TBD HolmesAlber

16. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 16 Organization Project Office Project ManagerS. Holmes Project Scientist/AcceleratorsS. Nagaitsev Project Scientist/ExperimentsTBD Project EngineerJ. Kerby International CoordinatorS. Mishra Budgeting/SchedulingE. Peoples FinancialsM. Smith Level 2 Managers CW LinacR. Kephart, B. Lebedev Pulsed LinacN. Solyak MI/RecyclerI. Kourbanis Conventional FacilitiesTBD (R. Alber, acting) Experimental FacilitiesTBD (R. Tschirhart, acting) Level 3 Managers We have assigned a complete complement of L3Ms

17. Each division has a contact person (or two) AD: S. Nagaitsev APC: S. Holmes, N. Solyak TD: J. Kerby CD: R. Tschirhart, G. Cancelo PPD: A. Mukherjee Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 17

18. Project X has a very strong support from Fermilab director and from the DOE In FY12 Project X will support ~35 FTEs (AD, TD, APC, CD, PPD and FESS) compared to ~25 in FY11 The SCRF program (led by B. Kephart) supports ~100 FTE (includes ILC and Project X) Other programs (e.g. HINS and Proton Improvement Plan) can also help us. Other labs (LBNL, ANL, India) are already contributing their own resources to help us. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 18

19. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 19 RD&D Program Goal: Mitigate risk associated with technical, cost, and schedule uncertainties CW linac  The first ~20 MeV is key to the Reference Design concept.  Front-end, chopper, low-  acceleration, beam loss mitigation Pulsed linac  Pulsed linac has diverged from ILC requirements due to low current  Long-pulse beam operation,  =1 accelerating structures/modules MI/Recycler  H- injection; factor of three increase in beam intensity (relative to NOvA)  Injection, instabilities, rf systems Design development  Facility configuration including upgrade paths  Beam and e-m modeling; reliability analysis; MC and mu2e Task Forces  Note: SRF development for Project X is supported by the SCRF program (led by B. Kephart)

20. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 20 Front-End Test Facility We are preparing to build a prototype of the first ~15-30 MeV of Project X.  Validate the concept for the Project X front end, thereby eliminating the primary technical risk element within the Reference Design.  Wideband chopper; low-  acceleration  Operate at full design parameters Integrated systems test goals:  1 mA average current with 80% chopping of beam delivered from RFQ  Efficient acceleration with minimal emittance dilution through ~15 MeV Potential utilization in Project X facility following successful demonstration Collaboration between Fermilab, ANL, LBNL, (SLAC); India & China?  Oct 2016: Beam through  =0.1, 0.2 CM at ~15 MeV with nearly final parameters (1 mA cw, 5 mA peak, arbitrary bunch chopping)

21. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 21 Project X Injector Experiment (PXIE) Scope CW H- source delivering 5 mA at 30 keV LEBT with beam pre-chopping CW RFQ operating at 162.5 MHz and delivering 5 mA at 2.1 MeV MEBT with integrated wide band chopper and beam absorbers capable of generating arbitrary bunch patterns at 162.5 MHz, and disposing of 4 mA average beam current Low beta superconducting cryomodules capable of accelerating 1 mA to 15 MeV Beam dump capable of accommodating 1 mA at 15 MeV (15 kW) for extended periods. Associated beam diagnostics, utilities and shielding

22. PXIE location: Near New Muon Lab Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 22 New Muon Lab CMTF PXIE

23. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 23 Goals for FY2012 CW Linac/PXIE  Conventional facilities @ CMTF Complete shielded enclosure – ready for equipment installation.  LEBT Complete design and all parts ordered Ion source commissioning (at LBNL)  RFQ Complete design, ready for procurement (LBNL/FNAL) Specifications complete, ready for procurement: rf & water systems*  MEBT Vacuum prototype chopper kicker tested (bandwidth and average power) 12 kW prototype beam absorber designed, fabricated and tested (e- beam) MEBT design 50% complete

24. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 24 Goals for FY2012 CW Linac/design & development  Complete lattice design for CW linac (including front end) Preliminary specifications on all linac components: cavities, CM, magnets, correctors, diagnostics  Beam dynamics studies Preliminary tolerances: alignment, stability, optical mismatch Failure analysis: effect of failed components on performance and correction schemes  RF sources (w/ SLAC, India) 325 MHz test stand operational at MDB (couplers) Complete coupler designs; prototype Solid statedevelopment (w/SLAC)  Cryogenics Heat load estimates, pre-conceptual design, segmentation

25. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 25 Goals for FY2012 Pulsed Linac  Complete lattice design Specifications for alignment and RF tolerances Failure analysis  Design of the transport lines to/from pulsed linac  Conceptual design of the HLRF system Systems specifications Survey of alternatives (klystron, IOT, magnetron)  LLRF performance study for long pulse operation.  Complete conceptual and EM design of splittable SC (focusing) magnet  Conceptual design of the cryogenic systems and specifications  Specifications for beam diagnostics in Linac and transport lines

26. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 26 Goals for FY2012 Main Injector/Recycler  RF systems Complete design of the second harmonic (106 MHz) cavity (w/SLAC) Fabricate 53 MHz cavity mockup for low level measurements  Instabilities e-cloud In-situ measurements of different material samples. Evaluate beam conditioning effect on SEY (in MI). Set-up coating facility (sputtering) in E4R. Space Charge Continue simulations with SYNERGIA and IMPACT/MLI  H- Stripping injection Simulate rotating foil with tracking. Laser stripping R&D.

27. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 27 Goals for FY2012 Experimental Facilities (off-project)  Project Scientist for Experimental Programs on board  Prepare for DOE workshop  Preliminary concepts for experimental facilities Conventional Facilities  Master planning for PX siting and utility needs Consolidation of new project (LBNE, MU2E, PX, g-2) infrastructure  Preliminary design of critical infrastructure needs: Electrical single lines and load tables Cooling schematics with input from pond studies; cost analysis of various cooling options (cooling towers, new pond(s), ICW, etc.) Update siting scenarios against latest wetland studies, Discipline reviews of CD-0 cost estimate Review and revise RLS to support a CD-0 review  General support of alternate configurations, value engineering and phasing options

28. Your effort Should be aligned with the project goals We welcome ideas that could save time and money  Reuse equipment where possible (and makes sense) Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 28

29. Your effort reporting Nobody should report 100% of effort to Project X (with a small exception)  ES&H training, department meetings, reading emails, performance reviews are not Project X activities We will (generally) not accept people reporting less than 2 hours per week. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 29

30. Sergei Nagaitsev, Oct 4, 2011 30 Summary The FY12 goals are well established. We have strong support from the lab and all divisions. Please help us work efficiently and safely, and demonstrate technical progress at every stage.