2. Pronouns

3. A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or another pronoun.

4. 1.Marge went for a walk. 2.She went for a walk. In the second sentence, she is a pronoun that takes the place of the noun Marge.

5. Pronouns A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. The word that a pronoun refers to is its antecedent. Personal pronouns are one kind of pronoun. PERSONNUMBERGENDER 1 st (speaker) singular masculine 2 nd (spoken to) plural feminine 3 rd (spoken about) neuter

6. Personal Pronoun Chart Nominative Case NOMINATIVE CASE SINGULARPLURAL 1 st PersonIwe 2 nd Personyou 3 rd Personhe, she, itthey Nominative case pronouns are also known as subject pronouns.

7. Subject Pronouns Subject We watched the movie. She and Peter provide refreshments. They went on vacation.

8. Personal Pronoun Chart Objective Case OBJECTIVE CASE SINGULARPLURAL 1 st Personmeus 2 nd Personyou 3 rd Personhim, her, itthem An objective case pronoun is also known as an object pronoun. Object pronouns can be used as the direct object, indirect object, or the object of a preposition.

9. Object Pronouns Direct Object (answers whom? what?) The nation elected him in 1860. Uncle Tom took us to the museum. Indirect Object (answers to whom? to what?) Mom often told them amusing stories. Mr. Brown showed me ancient vases. Object of a preposition (follows preposition) The story was written by him. The vases had images painted on them.

10. Personal Pronoun Chart Possessive Case POSSESSIVE CASE SINGULARPLURAL 1 st Personmy, mineour, ours 2 nd Personyour, yours 3 rd Personhis, her, hers, itstheir, theirs Possessive Pronouns show possession or ownership. Possessive Pronouns take the place of possessive nouns. Possessive Pronouns DO NOT contain apostrophes.

11. Possessive Pronouns Theirs are hanging in the closet. That costume is his. Your book is on the back shelf. Have you seen mine? My mom is an awesome chef!

12. Pronouns after Than or As The words than and as are conjunctions used in comparisons. Often these conjunctions join two clauses. Sometimes part of the second clause is omitted. You may need to mentally add the missing part of the clause to determine if you need a subject pronoun or an object pronoun.

13. Pronouns after Than or As I’ve known Lisa longer than she. THINK: I’ve known Lisa longer than she [has known Lisa]. She is a subject pronoun used as the subject of the clause: She has known Lisa. I’ve known Lisa longer than her. THINK: I’ve known Lisa longer than [I’ve known] her. Her is an object pronoun used as the direct object of the clause: I’ve known her.

14. Agreement of Pronouns and Antecedents A word to which a pronoun refers is called its antecedent. Pronouns MUST agree with their antecedents in person, number, and gender. PERSONNUMBERGENDER 1 st (speaker) singular masculine 2 nd (spoken to) plural feminine 3 rd (spoken about) neuter

15. Interrogative Pronouns An interrogative pronoun is used to ask a question. The interrogative pronouns are: who, whom, whose, which, what WHO refers to persons. It is often the subject of the sentence. Who visited New York? WHOM refers to persons. It is the direct object or the object of a preposition. Whom did you visit there? To whom did you recommend the book?

16. Interrogative Pronouns WHOSE is used when asking about possession. Whose is this book? WHICH is used when asking about a group. Which of the other states would you like to visit? WHAT is used when asking about things or seeking information. What is the book about?

17. Indefinite pronouns are pronouns that do not refer to a specific person or thing. Someone, anybody, and, everyone are indefinite pronouns. Someone stole my wallet! The word "someone" is the indefinite pronoun.

18. Indefinite Pronouns An indefinite pronoun refers to any or all of a group of people, places, or things. Singular another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, other, somebody, someone, something Plural both, few, many, others, several Both singular and plural all, any, more, most, none, some

19. Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns When an indefinite pronoun acts as the subject of the sentence, the verb needs to agree with it in number. Singular No one is able to predict an earthquake. All of the building was destroyed. Plural Both are good ideas for projects. All of the buildings were destroyed.