1. Warm Up List some ways in which alcohol can affect your body

2. Chapter 9: Alcohol Lesson 1: Alcohol Use and Abuse

3. Alcohol: What Is It? Alcohol is a drug! In fact, it is one of the most widely used and abused drugs in the United States. Alcohol is Addictive! Alcohol affects a person: Physically Physically Mentally Mentally Emotionally Emotionally Socially Socially Alcohol : a drug created by a chemical reaction In some foods, especially fruits and grains.

4. Alcohol: What Is It? Alcohol abuse can lead to a wide range of physical, mental/emotional, and social problems including: Poor decision making Poor decision making Losing friends Losing friends Failing grades Failing grades Addiction Addiction Illness Accidents Illness Accidents Injury Injury Death Death

5. The Forms of Alcohol By this point if your life, you have probably seen many TV commercials for alcohol. You may also know that the three main forms of alcohol are: BeerWineLiquor 12 oz. 5 oz.1.5 oz.

6. The Dangers of Alcohol Use Using alcohol affects your ability to make good decisions and harms your physical health. Alcohol is a depressant : a drug that can slow down the activity of the brain and nervous system. A person may feel the effects of using alcohol right away! Judgment gets worse = more likely you will make bad decisions.

7. The Dangers of Alcohol Use Using alcohol can cause a loss of control of motor skills: Walking Walking Coordination Coordination Reaction time Reaction time Confusion Confusion Decreased alertness Decreased alertness Blurred vision Blurred vision Drowsiness Drowsiness Can someone die from drinking alcohol just once? Yes! If he or she consumes too much in a short amount of time.

8. How Alcohol Affects Individuals Not all people are affected by alcohol in the same way! A person is intoxicated when he or she feels the effects of drinking alcohol. (also known as being drunk) Some people can drink more alcohol than others before they become intoxicated. However, the amount of alcohol a person drinks is only one factor in understanding how drinking affects a person.

9. How Alcohol Affects Individuals The more alcohol that is put into the body, the more the body is affected. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) : the amount of alcohol in the blood. A BAC of 0.10% means that there is 1 part alcohol per 1,000 parts blood.

10. How Alcohol Affects Individuals BAC: The amount of alcohol in the blood. (expressed by a percentage) Each person is different. Each person’s BAC depends on: Gender Gender Age, weight, and height Age, weight, and height Amount of food in the stomach Amount of food in the stomach Concentration of alcohol in beverages consumed Concentration of alcohol in beverages consumed Volume of alcohol consumed Volume of alcohol consumed Rate of consumption and absorption Rate of consumption and absorption Drinking alcohol while taking certain medications/drugs Drinking alcohol while taking certain medications/drugs (can have dangerous effects…can even be fatal)

11. How Alcohol Affects Individuals *Nothing can speed the liver’s ability to break down alcohol. So coffee, a cold shower, exercise, and fresh air will not help a person “sober up” faster. A person is legally intoxicated when the BAC is greater than 0.08% However, anyone under 21 is legally intoxicated if the BAC is greater than 0.02%

12. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol Use Alcohol Use and the Brain Alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream and reaches the brain almost as soon as it is consumed. Immediate Effects: impaired judgment, reasoning, memory, and concentration…slowed reaction time…decreased coordination…slurred speech…distorted vision and hearing…reduced inhibitions…alcohol poisoning, causing unconsciousness and even death

13. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol Use Alcohol and the Heart Alcohol affects the way they heart pumps blood through the body. Bloodstream When alcohol enters the blood, blood vessels widen, and more blood flows to the skin’s surface, causing the drinker to feel warm for a short period of time. When alcohol enters the blood, blood vessels widen, and more blood flows to the skin’s surface, causing the drinker to feel warm for a short period of time. However, body temp. drops as the increased blood flow allows body heat to escape. However, body temp. drops as the increased blood flow allows body heat to escape.

14. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol Use Alcohol and the Liver and Kidneys Liver: Acts as a filter, taking alcohol from the bloodstream and removing it from the body Acts as a filter, taking alcohol from the bloodstream and removing it from the body However, the liver can only do this for about half an ounce of alcohol each hour, leaving the extra alcohol in the bloodstream, affecting the body However, the liver can only do this for about half an ounce of alcohol each hour, leaving the extra alcohol in the bloodstream, affecting the bodyKidneys: Alcohol causes the kidneys to make more urine, leading to the loss of important body fluids, ultimately leading to dehydration Alcohol causes the kidneys to make more urine, leading to the loss of important body fluids, ultimately leading to dehydration

15. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Use Cirrhosis : Using alcohol for prolonged periods of time can severely damage the liver, causing cirrhosis : the scarring and destruction of liver tissue. If someone continues to abuse alcohol, the normal liver cells turn into scar tissue, keeping blood from flowing normally through the liver. Symptoms of cirrhosis include: nausea, weight loss, yellowing of the eyes and skin, bleeding in the digestive system, swelling of the legs and feet

16. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Use Ulcers : When a person uses too much alcohol over time, the lining of the stomach becomes irritated, causing ulcers to form. Ulcer : an open sore in the stomach lining. When ulcers form, the acid in the stomach can damage the intestine or stomach tissue…VERY painful! Can be treated with medication, but without treatment can lead to serious, life-threatening problems.

17. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Use Fetal Alcohol Syndrome : Even babies who aren’t born yet can be harmed by alcohol. Birth defects caused by the effects of alcohol on the unborn child is known as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. FAS occurs when alcohol in the mother’s blood passes into the fetal, or unborn baby’s blood, through the umbilical chord. Defects include: Heart defects Heart defects Malformed (small) head and brain Malformed (small) head and brain Delayed growth Delayed growth Poor motor development (speech and learning) Poor motor development (speech and learning)

18. Alcohol is Addictive Alcohol Abuse: People may abuse alcohol because they are worried about something or because they feel insecure. They may also drink to deal with their problems. Alcohol Abuse: using alcohol in ways that are unhealthy, illegal, or both.

19. Alcohol is Addictive Alcoholism: When alcohol abuse continues, it can lead to a condition known as alcoholism : a disease in which a person has a physical and psychological need for alcohol. Tendencies of someone who suffers from alcoholism: Frequently drinking alone or getting drunk alone…alcohol becomes more important to them than anything else in their lives (family, friends, work)…may stop participating in activities so they can drink…refuse to admit how much they drink Alcoholism is curable with treatments like counseling or support groups (AA) or spending time in a hospital.