1.  What are Propaganda Techniques?  Why are they used?

2.  They are the methods and approaches used to spread ideas that further a cause - a political, commercial, religious, or civil cause.  To manipulate the readers' or viewers' reason and emotions; to persuade you to believe in something or someone, buy an item, or vote a certain way.  What are some of the different propaganda techniques?

3. What are the different types of propaganda

4.  This technique consists of attaching a negative label to a person or a thing. People engage in this type of behavior when they are trying to avoid supporting their own opinion with facts. Rather than explain what they believe in, they prefer to try to tear their opponent down.

5.  This technique uses important-sounding "glad words" that have little or no real meaning. These words are used in general statements that cannot be proved or disproved. Words like "good," "honest," "fair," and "best" are examples of "glad" words.

6.  In this technique, an attempt is made to transfer the prestige of a positive symbol to a person, product or an idea. For example, using the American flag as a backdrop for a political event makes the implication that the event is patriotic in the best interest of the U.S.

7.  In this technique, two things that may or may not really be similar are portrayed as being similar. When examining the comparison, you must ask yourself how similar the items are. In most false analogies, there is simply not enough evidence available to support the comparison.

8.  This technique is easy to understand. It is when "big name" personalities are used to endorse a product. Whenever you see someone famous endorsing a product, ask yourself how much that person knows about the product, and what he or she stands to gain by promoting it.

9.  This technique uses a folksy approach to convince us to support someone or something. These ads depict people with ordinary looks doing ordinary activities.

10.  This term comes from stacking a deck of cards in your favor. Card stacking is used to slant a message. Key words or unfavorable statistics may be omitted in an ad or commercial, leading to a series of half-truths. Keep in mind that an advertiser is under no obligation "to give the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth."

11.  The "bandwagon" approach encourages you to think that because everyone else is doing something, you should do it too, or you'll be left out. The technique embodies a "keeping up with the Joneses" philosophy

12.  This technique is also called "black-and-white thinking" because only two choices are given. You are either for something or against it; there is no middle ground or shades of gray. It is used to polarize issues, and negates all attempts to find a common ground.

13.  This technique suggests that because B follows A, A must cause B. Remember, just because two events or two sets of data are related does not necessarily mean that one caused the other to happen. It is important to evaluate data carefully before jumping to a wrong conclusion.

14.  Why was the Committee of Public Information needed during WWI?  Do you think the CPI was effective? Why?

15.  Appeal to the emotions- anger, empathy, desire to help  Patriotic Appeals- Go America- Serve your country  Catchy Slogan- Just Do It! Health Matters  Half Truths or Lies - Leave something out or put something in  Evocative Symbols- Stirs up the emotions  Humor- Cartoon quality  Name Calling- The Evil Empire or Brutal Huns

16. ON THE WHITE BOARD…

17. A

18. B

19. C

20. D

21. E

22. F

23. G

24. H

25. Write on paper you can turn in

26.  Read the letter, To the American Soldiers of German Descent  With a pencil write a ? Where something puzzles you or you have a question about it and write a ! Where a phrase surprises you or you find shocking. Write lightly so you can erase it for the next class.  What are the objectives of the German propagandists?  Write the statement that you think explains the objective the best.

27.  Read the letter To the colored soldiers of the US Army.  With a pencil write a ? Where something puzzles you or you have a question about it and write a ! Where a phrase surprises you or you find shocking. Write lightly so you can erase it for the next class.  Given your prior knowledge of both the reality of second class citizenship for African Americans in the home country they were fighting for during the 20 th century, would this letter entice you to switch sides? Why or why not?  Write 2 phrases from the letter that might entice someone to switch sides.

28.  With reference to three examples, identify the propaganda techniques used by the US, Great Britain, France and Germany, and explain how these techniques helped the war effort during WWI.

29.  A mini – essay is a simple body paragraph of 8 or 11 sentences composed and arranged in the following order:  Sentence 1 – Thesis (Topic) Sentence  Sentence 2 – Concrete detail (example to prove/support #1)  Sentence 3 – Commentary (explains why/how the detail proves or clarifies the thesis  Sentence 4 – Commentary (further explains or analyzes CD)  Sentence 5 – Concrete detail (gives a second example to prove/support #1)  Sentence 6 – Commentary (explains why/how #5 relates to #1)  Sentence 7 – Commentary (further explains or analyzes CD)  Sentence 8 – Closing Commentary (summarizes paragraph, restates topic or thesis sentence, and does not introduce new information.)  An 11 – sentence mini essay adds a third concrete detail/commentary/commentary chunk to support the thesis/topic sentence.

30.  Groups of 2- Sit side by side  You will receive a placard that shows WWI propaganda from the US, Germany, Great Britain and France.  With your partner discuss the objective of the poster- What is it trying to get people to do?  Identify and record the propaganda tools evident in the poster. Describe how the tools were used.  At the end of this activity you should be able to write a closing paragraph that answers the essential question.

31. PlacardCountry United States Objective(s) of Poster Organizing home front support for the troops Save our resources for our troops Propaganda Tools Used In Poster Evocative Symbols-US Flag Catchy Slogan- Food is ammunition- don’t waste it Appeal to the emotions- Soldiers in the background

32.  Here is a brief list of things that you might accomplish in your concluding paragraph. There are certainly other things that you can do, and you certainly don't want to do all these things. They're only suggestions:  include a brief summary of the paper's main points.  ask a provocative question.  use a quotation.  evoke a vivid image.  call for some sort of action.  end with a warning.  universalize (compare to other situations).  suggest results or consequences

33.  Writing An Essay Conclusion  To make a good conclusion it is necessary to:  Review the main points of the essay (the topic statements)  Summarize them in favor for the thesis statement  Describe the writer’s subjective position on the topic  End the conclusion with a strong affirmation that will be beyond any question.

35. My life, as a single-mother and professional woman, is hectic from the early morning until the midnight. With my two daughters and highly demanding profession, I feel that the twenty-four-hour day is not enough, and I am overworked. At the end of the day, after having so much to do, working out at the gym helps me relax. What's more relaxing is that the time I spend with my daughters when dining and talking with them in the evening, and helping them with their homework. Then, I listen to the music. After a rewarding time with my children and listening to the music, I am relaxed already. My life at work and outside work are busy, but I feel the joy of fulfillment with my life.

36.  With reference to three examples, identify the propaganda techniques used by the US, Germany, France, and/or Great Britain and explain how these techniques helped the war effort during WWI.