1. Copyright 2013 Coker Composting & Consulting Planning for Food Scraps Diversion VRA 2013 Annual Conference Craig S. Coker Coker Composting & Consulting

2. Planning Considerations Diversion program –Voluntary or mandantory? –Diversion containers Bags, carts, or other? Collection alternatives –Curbside or drop-off (or both?) –Private or public? Technology alternatives –Composting, digestion (or both?) Market alternatives –Compost/soils –Recovered energy Copyright 2012 Coker Composting & Consulting

3. Public solid waste authority in southern ME 550 TPD Waste-to-Energy plant 35,000 TPY Clean MRF Wants to understand food scraps diversion possibilities 21 Owner-member communities –7 Associate-member communities –15 Contract communities Copyright 2012 Coker Composting & Consulting

5. Community System Collection Owner Members BridgtonTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off Cape ElizabethTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off CascoTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off CumberlandCurbside / Pay Per Bag (PPB)Private FalmouthCurbside / PPBPrivate FreeportTransfer Station / PPB Private / Drop-Off GorhamCurbside / PPBPrivate GrayTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off HarrisonTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off HollisCurbside / PPBPrivate LimingtonCurbside / PPB Private LymanTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off North YarmouthCurbside / PPBPrivate Ogunquit Transfer Station Private / Drop-Off PortlandCurbside / PPB Public PownalCurbside / PPBPrivate ScarboroughCurbside – CartsPrivate South PortlandCurbside – CartsPrivate WaterboroTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off WindhamCurbside / PPBPrivate YarmouthTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off Associate Members BaldwinTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off HiramTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off NaplesTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off ParsonfieldTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off PorterTransfer Station Private / Drop-Off SacoCurbside – Carts Private / Drop-Off StandishTransfer StationPrivate / Drop-Off

6. SSO Sources Most yard trimmings/clearing debris currently mulched or composted Some commercial food scraps collected by Resurgam Composting Some residential food scraps collected by Garbage-to-Garden/Benson Farms ecomaine wants to focus on residential SSO –Curbside collection?? –Drop-Off?? Resurgam Collection Carts at Portland Restaurant

7. Hauling Challenges Collection Trucks –Rear Packers –Split Bodies –Semi-Automated Now collecting garbage & recyclables Alternatives: –ecomaine collects? –Third collection route? –Co-collect? –EOW garbage? 60/40 Split Bodies Side Loaders

8. Co-Collection “Blue Bag Organics” Pioneered by Randy’s Sanitation, Delano MN (http://www.bluebagorganics.com/) Rolled out to 3,000 homes in 2011; expanding to 140,000 homes in 2013 Randy’s provides 30-gal container and bright blue compostable bags SSO in blue bags is co-collected with garbage and hand-sorted on MRF tip floor Blue bags diverted to composting facility Cameras in MRF stream web video proving separation

9. Technologies Evaluation ecomaine – no risk tolerance for odor problems Centralized alternatives –Evaluated with weighted criteria matrix analysis –Composting All approaches considered Aerated Static Pile ranked highest Containerized ASP ranked 2 nd –Digestion Dry fermentation ranked higher than liquid digestion Decentralized alternatives –Partner with existing merchant composters or digesters How to ensure no problems? Considering “certified provider” program Copyright 2012 Coker Composting & Consulting

10. Processing Technologies

11. Siting Evaluations

12. Remaining Work Markets Evaluation (underway) –Biogas from AD Electricity with WTE plant CNG for vehicle fuel –Compost Maine markets fairly strong WTE Impacts of Diversion –No food scraps = hotter fuel –May cause WTE feed rate to drop Permits and Approvals Conceptual Plan and Cost Estimates Copyright 2012 Coker Composting & Consulting

13. Stakeholder Workshop Scheduled for 5/21/13 Participants –ecomaine staff –Member solid waste staffs –Consultant team Agenda –Review all work to date –Discuss pros/cons of various alternatives –Seek consensus on up to three detailed approaches for costing Advantage of workshop –Get buy-in sooner, not later Copyright 2012 Coker Composting & Consulting

14. Copyright 2010 Coker Composting & Consulting Thank You! Craig Coker Coker Composting & Consulting (540) 890-1086 cscoker@verizon.netwww.cokercompost.com Questions?