1. Bell Ringer: What do you know about the skeletal system?

2. Define the Skeletal System: The framework of bones and other tissues that support the body

3. What would happen if humans didn’t have bones? Can you describe in your own words what a human body would like if we didn’t have bones to support our bodies? You’d be floppy like a bean bag, could you stand up? Could you walk? No way! Without bones, you’d be just a puddle of skin and guts on the floor.

4. Bones have two main purposes: 1.Structure and support 2.Protect your body What bones do you already know that protect organs of the body? Cranium protects the brain Vertebrae protects the spinal cord Ribs protect heart, lungs and other internal organs

5. How many bones do humans have? When you were born you had over 300 bones. As you grew, some of these bones began to fuse together. The result? An adult has only 206 bones!

6. How do bones move? You need muscles to pull on bones so that you can move. Along with muscles and joints, bones are responsible for you being able to move. Your muscles are attached to bones. You also need joints which provide flexible connections between bones. Your body has different kinds of joints. Some, such as those in your knees, work like door hinges, enabling you to move back and forth. Those in your neck enable bones to pivot so you can turn your head. Other joints like the shoulder enable you to move your arms 360 degrees like a shower head.

7. Are your bones alive? Absolutely! Bones are made of a mix of hard stuff that gives them strength and tons of living cells which help them grow and repair themselves. Like other cells in your body, the bone cells rely on blood to keep them alive. What does blood bring to the bones and what does it remove? Brings bones food and oxygen and removes waste

8. What is bone marrow? Many bones are hollow. Their hollowness makes bones strong and light. It’s in the center of many bones that bone marrow makes new red and white blood cells. Red blood cells ensure oxygen is distributed to all parts of the body and white blood cells ensure you are able to fight germs and disease.

9. Do all critters have backbones? No they do not! In fact, some 97% of critters on earth don’t have backbones or spine. Remarkably enough, of those that have a backbone, there are lots of similarities: A cranium surrounding a brain A rib cage surrounding a heart A jawbone to help mouth opening

10. Factoids: The human hand has 27 bones; your face has 14! The longest bone in your body is your thigh bone, the femur. It’s about 1/4 of your height. The smallest is the stirrup bone in the ear which can measure 1/10 of an inch Did you know that humans and giraffes have the same number of bones in their necks? Giraffe neck vertebrae are just much, much longer! You have over 230 moveable and semi-moveable joints in your body.

11. Bell Ringer: On your bell ringer paper, write down how many bones the human body has and the two functions of the skeletal system.

12. SKELETAL SYSTEM

15. Functions: The skull protects the brain and sense organs, and it also helps form the facial features. Features: The adult human skull is made up of 22 bones. Eight large, flat bones form the cranium, and 14 bones form the face.

16. Largest, strongest and lowest bone in the face Forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place

17. Also know as the collarbone A long bone that is between the scapula and the sternumlong bonescapulasternum It is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally It is able to be touched in all people; in people who have less fat in this region, the location of the bone is clearly visible, as it creates a bulge in the skin The clavicle is one of the most commonly broken bones in the human body

18. Also know as the shoulder blade It is the bone that connects the humerus(upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone)bonehumerusclavicle It is a flat, triangular bone that lies over the back of the upper ribs.

19. A typical human rib cage consists of 24 ribs The true ribs are attached to the sternum (breastbone). There are seven true ribs. (The other ribs are termed floating or false ribs.) The false ribs are the remaining five pairs of ribs (the other seven are called true ribs) in which their cartilages do not reach the sternum directly.

20. Also known as the backbone The spine plays an extremely important role in our bodies as it supports the upper body’s weight It is a column of 24 bones in an adult body Spine (Vertebrae)

21. The humerus is the largest bone in the arm and the only bone in the upper arm. Many powerful muscles that move the upper arm at the shoulder and the forearm at the elbow are attached to the humerus

22. The radius is the more lateral and slightly shorter of the two forearm bones It is found on the thumb side of the forearm and rotates to allow the hand to pivot at the wrist The radius is located on the lateral side of the forearm between the elbow and the wrist joints.

23. The ulna is the longer, larger and more medial of the lower arm bones The ulna extends through the forearm from the elbow to the wrist, narrowing significantly towards its distal end. In anatomical position, the ulna is located at the side of the forearm closest to the body (the medialside), the side of the little finger.mediallittle finger

24. Also know as the breastbone. It is a long, narrow flat bone that serves as the connecting site of the rib cage It also protects several vital organs of the chest, such as the heart, aorta, and vena cava that are located just deep to the sternum.

26. Can you label the bones of the upper body? Cranium Mandible Ulna Radius Humerus Sternum Scapula Clavicle Ribs Vertebrae

28. Throughout childhood, the pelvis is made of many smaller bones that eventually fuse during adulthood to form a more rigid pelvis Several bones unite to form the pelvis, including the sacrum, coccyx (tail bone), and the left and right coxal (hip) bones.

29. The femur, or thigh bone, is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the entire human body. All of the body’s weight is supported by the femur during many activities, such as running, jumping, walking, and standing. Femur

30. Also known as your kneecap Triangular-shaped bone at the front of the knee joint The patella protects the knee joint. PATELLA

31. Sometimes known as the shinbone The tibia is the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones. It forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the fibula and tarsus

32. The fibula is the long, thin and lateral bone of the lower leg. It runs parallel to the tibia, or shin bone, and plays a significant role in stabilizing the ankle and supporting the muscles of the lower leg Compared to the tibia, the fibula is about the same length, but is considerably thinner

33. The phalanges are bones that exist on each finger and toe