1. The Digestive System

2. Purpose To break food down into individual molecules that can be used by the body. Can be considered a disassembly line.

3. The Mouth First part of the digestive system. Chewing is a part of mechanical digestion The mouth also contains amylase, an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. Chemical digestion

4. Esophagus Once you have chewed your food, it travels down the esophagus. Peristalsis: Involuntary smooth muscle contractions that push food down into the stomach.

5. The Stomach Muscular pouch-like enlargement in the digestive tract. Mechanical Digestion: The stomach churns through smooth muscle contractions Chemical Digestion: Contains pepsin to break down proteins.

6. Small Intestine 6m tube within your digestive tract. Mechanical Digestion: Smooth muscle contraction Chemical Digestion: Further breakdown of carbs/proteins by enzymes secreted by the pancreas and liver. Absorbed by structures called villi.

7. Large Intestine Indigestible liquid waste travels to the large intestine. Water and salts are absorbed, leading to a more solid product. This solid product is later eliminated as feces.

8. Review Name the 3 main biomolecules that we eat and tell me how many calories per gram each one has. Protein 4 cal/g Carbohydrate 4 cal/g Lipid 9 cal/g

9. Vitamins vs. Minerals Vitamins Organic compounds needed in small amounts to maintain growth and metabolism. Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin D Minerals Inorganic compounds that serve as building materials or take part in chemical reactions. Iron, calcium, zinc

10. Other Systems Integumentary: Skin, protects body Endocrine: Controls hormone production Nervous System: Controls how we respond to stimuli Reproductive System: Allows us to undergo sexual reproduction Urinary System: Filters waste from blood to maintain homeostasis

11. Last Notes Ever in Biology!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!