1. Estimation, assumptions and predictions

2. You would have covered estimating calculations in GCSE. Round the following numbers to 1 sig. fig.: A) 2520 B) 324,566 C) 2.565 D) 0.0234 E) 0.657 Estimating calculations 2

3. On whiteboards! On a long-haul flight an aeroplane flew 3123 miles in 8.4 hours. Work out an estimate of how many miles it flew each hour. a) 4000 b) 40 c) 400 3

4. On whiteboards! Estimate the answer to this question: 54.6 x 2.91 a) 1650 b) 165 c) 16.5 4

5. On whiteboards! Martyn rode 287 kilometres in 11 days. Roughly how many kilometres did he ride each day? a) 30 b) 300 c) 3 5

6. On whiteboards! Estimate the answer to this question: 2.1 x 9.4 x 3.7 a) 75 b) 750 c) 0.75 6

7. On whiteboards! A square has edges of length 2.44cm. What is an estimate of the area? a) 6cm² b) 60cm² c) 0.6cm² 7

8. On whiteboards! Estimate the answer to this question: 935 x 29 a) 27000 b) 2700 c) 270 8

9. On whiteboards! At a theatre they sold 73 cups of coffee during the interval at 68p a cup. Estimate the amount they took on coffee. a) £5.00 b) £500 c) £50 9

10. On whiteboards! Estimate the answer to this question: 34.87 x 20.27 a) 70 b) 7000 c) 700 10

11. On whiteboards! At Dave’s ice cream stall he sold 223 ice creams at 67p each. Estimate how much his takings were that day. a) £150 b) £15 c) £1.50 11

12. On whiteboards! Estimate the answer to this question: 3.14 x 7.92 a) 250 b) 25 c) 0.25 12

13. You are used to estimating calculations from GCSE but you now have to be able to estimate real life problems. Estimation 13

14. What is the average height of a man in the UK? Question 1 14 257cm 107cm 177cm 207cm

15. What is the average weight of a man in the U.K? Question 2 15 78kg 54kg 153kg 28kg

16. Average life span for a woman in England? Question 3 16 95 78 65 89

17. The height of the express lift tower? Question 4 17 127m 256m 1350m 65m

18. Average age of a woman to have her first child in England Question 5 18 35 24 28 39

19. Distance from here to Sixfields stadium (walking distance) Question 6 19 0.5 miles 3 miles 5 miles 1.5 miles

20. How many seconds in a year? Question 7 20 35,78731,557,600 314,5673,456,678,876

21. Average number of people per household in the UK Question 8 21 0.9 1.4 2.3 3.2

22. Average wage for a full time worker in the U.K? Question 9 22 £36,500 £19,500 £12,500 £26,500

23. What is the average age of the maths department? Question 10 23 35 30 40 25

24. Answers 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B 24

25. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YzvupOX8Is Fermi estimation 25

26. What is the volume of Wembley stadium? Break this down into more accessible calculations:  What is the width of Wembley stadium? (m)  What is the length of Wembley stadium? (m)  What is the height of Wembley stadium? (m)  What is the volume of Wembley stadium? (m³) Click for Hint Wembley stadium 26 Hint: The area of a standard football pitch is 90m by 45m

27. If you were to roll out a standard toilet roll, how long would it be? Click for hint How long is a toilet roll? 27 Hint: A standard piece of toilet paper is 11cm long.

28. average How many bricks are needed to build a garage? 28 Click for Hint Hint: The average width of a car is 1.8m

29. Estimate the distance from John O’Groats to Land’s End 29 Click for Hint Hint: The distance from London to Cambridge is 65 miles (driving)

30. What is this a picture of? Using data to make predictions 30

31. Is climate change happening? 31

32. Look at the data sheet provided. Can you use this to argue your case? Is climate change happening? 32

33. Could you predict the average temperatures from 2011 to 2040? By what per cent has it increased by? Comparing temperatures from an average in 30 years 33

34. http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/datasets/T mean/date/UK.txt Choose a month to look at: How can we use this data to predict the mean temperatures in 2020? Or 2100? Or 3100? Mean temperatures each month in the UK 34

35. Find the average for every ten years. By what per cent is it increasing by each year? Group the averages 35 YearAverage temperature (January) Increase from previous 10 years Percentage increase 1910-1919 1920-1929 1930-1939 ….

36.  Will looking at moving averages find a more accurate picture?  Create a 3-point moving average for the data in the table. Then try a 4- and 5-point moving average.  Enter this on to a spreadsheet and graph the temperature change over the last 100 years. Moving average 36

37. Core Maths Support Programme 60 Queens Road Reading RG1 4BS E-mail cmsp@cfbt.com Call 0118 902 1243