1. The Modern Presidency

2. John F. Kennedy (Democrat) -1961 - 1963 Lyndon B. Johnson (Democrat) -1963 - 1969 Richard M. Nixon (Republican) -1969 - 1974 Gerald Ford (Republican) -1974 - 1977 Jimmy Carter (Democrat) -1977 - 1981 Ronald Reagan (Republican) -1981 - 1989 George H.W. Bush (Republican) -1989 - 1993 Bill Clinton (Democrat) -1993 - 2001 George W. Bush (Republican) -2001 - 2009 Barack Obama (Democrat) -2009 - Present

3. John F. Kennedy ●1st televised US Presidential debate -Kennedy vs. Nixon (1960) ●First “Non-Protestant” President ●In office during Cold War: -Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis ●Famous Quote: “Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country”. -Asked businesses to limit prices and workers to accept fewer pay raises.

4. Lyndon B. Johnson ●Took over after Kennedy's assassination (1963) ●Was effective in getting JFK’s programs passed into law o Civil Rights Act (1964 and 1968) o Fair Housing Act ●Domestic Policies called “The Great Society” o Medicare: Health Insurance for the elderly o Medicaid: Free Health Insurance for the needy

5. Richard M. Nixon ●Believed “Great Society” programs failed to decrease poverty in the United States o Attempted to reform the Welfare system ●Appointed conservative Justice Warren Burger to replace Chief Justice Earl Warren ●Foreign Policy based on “realpolitik” o A system of politics based on a country’s situation and needs, rather than ideals (democracy, human rights, etc)

6. Richard M. Nixon ●Wins Re-Election in 1972 ●Watergate Scandal o Members of Nixon’s administration broke into the offices of the Democratic National Committee o Nixon was involved in the cover-up ●Results of Watergate o 1st President to resign office o Congress investigates Executive Branch for abuse of power o Americans lose faith in government

7. Gerald Ford ●Took over the Presidency when Nixon resigned (1974) o Gave Nixon a Presidential Pardon for involvement in the Watergate Scandal ●First President to not be elected by the people o Appointed Vice President when Spiro Agnew resigned

8. Jimmy Carter ●“The Outsider” President o Promised a new approach to government o Said he would not lie or mislead the people o Religious beliefs strongly shaped his politics ●Foreign Policy o Rejected Nixon’s “Realpolitik” approach to foreign affairs o Based his policies on Human Rights ●Carter and the Middle East o Camp David Accords - Meeting between US, Egypt, and Israel that ended a 30 year state of war in the Middle East

9. Ronald Reagan ●The Republican Revolution o Reduced the size of government by:  Cutting Taxes  Shrinking the Federal Budget o Increased Military spending  Increased National Debt ●Increasingly friendly relations with the Soviet Union o 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall - Symbolic end of the Cold War ●Appointed the 1st female Supreme Court Justice o Sandra Day O’Connor

10. George H.W. Bush ●President during Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Storm) o Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait ●Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) o Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, transportation, and public accomodations

11. Bill Clinton ●Defeated Ross Perot in the Election of 1992 o Ross Perot (a wealthy businessman) promised to cut spending and balance the budget. ●Was impeached on December 20, 1998 o Violation of constitutional oath of office o Accused of perjury stemming from the Monica Lewinski scandal o Was not convicted

12. George W. Bush ●Bush won the Presidential Election of 2000 o The election was decided by electoral votes from the state of Florida o The Florida votes had to be recounted several times ●9/11/2001: Al Qaeda Terrorist Attacks on the World Trade Centers and Pentagon o Bush declares a war on Terrorism o United States becomes involved in Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq o In the years since Terrorist leaders such as Osama Bin Laden and Saddam Hussein have been captured and executed.

13. Barack Obama ●First African American President of the US ●44th and Current U.S. President ●The Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) o Controversial US law aimed at reforming the American health care system. ●Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009 o "extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples"