2. Course 03 Basic Concepts assist. eng. Jánó Rajmond, PhD rajmond.jano@ael.utcluj.ro

3. Blade systems a single board populated with processors, memories and/or storage with networking capabilities thinner and need less cooling than traditional systems are more cost effective and consume less power are designed to be stacked into existing cases and work together to form a single system

4. Blade systems Standard 19” cabinet Incorporates equipment of different types (computational units, routers, power supplies, etc.)

5. Virtual Machines software emulation of a physical machine offers support to replicate a complete machine with software run multiple OS-s on a single device

6. Virtual Machines The performance of a VM is limited by the performance of the host computer The performance of the VM should always be set lower than that of the host computer Recommended allocation is about ½ of available resources

7. Virtual Machines Virtual machine managers (VMMs) or hypervisors: VirtualBox (free) Parallels ($79,99) VMware (Free/$189) Windows Virtual PC (free)

8. VirtualBox Creating a new virtual machine: VM name and operating system Allocated RAM memory (in MB!) Virtual hard disk – Virtual hard disk will take up as much space on your physical drive as much as you configure

9. VirtualBox Using VirtualBox create the following VM: Name: Windows10_yourname OS: Windows 10 (32-bit) RAM: 2 GB (2048 MB) Virtual hard disk (VDI) – 20 GB, dynamically allocated Locate your virtual hard disk on your physical machine 15 mins. Hint: C:\Users\statiaxx\VirtualBox VMs

10. VirtualBox How to insert an “iso image” (DVD image) into a Virtual Machine: 2. 3. 1.

11. Virtual Machines Your virtual machine will not run unfortunately

12. Operating systems An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs.

13. Operating systems Main functions: provide communication between the user and hardware control program execution ensure optimal resource allocation facilitate efficient data processing ensure system security enable application development

14. Operating systems Main components: core (kernel) contains the necessary programs for optimal resource management and for controlling the activity of programs and applications user interface (shell) software interface that provides the user access to the services of the kernel

15. Operating systems Most popular MacOS family Linux family MS-DOS Microsoft Windows family iOS family Android family …and many more Personal Computer Embedded systems

16. Operating systems

17. Operating systems - PCs

20. Operating systems - MobDev

23. Operating systems 32 bit (x86) vs. 64 bit (x64) 64-bit processor & 3+ GB RAM 64-bit processor & 3+ GB RAM Install x86 OS No Install x64 OS Yes

24. Operating systems Disk partitioning the act of dividing a hard disk drive into multiple logical storage units referred to as partitions, to treat one physical disk drive as if it were multiple disks, so that different file systems can be used on each partition

25. Operating systems File system file system (or filesystem) is used to control how information is stored and retrieved without a file system, information placed in a storage area would be one large body of information with no way to tell where one piece of information stops and the next begins

26. Operating systems File systems for Windows: FAT – File Allocation Table (multiple versions) – max. file size: 4 GB NTFS – New Technology File System (multiple versions) – max. file size: 16 TB (Windows 7), 256 TB (Windows 8) – usually faster that FAT32

27. Operating systems Disk partitioning always create at least a system partition * and a data partition always format the system partition when reinstalling the OS * system partition should have at least 100 GB disk space for Windows 7 and newer and should be formatted as NTFS

28. Windows 8.1 Snap applications to screen (Win + arrow) Shake windows = minimize all but current Win + E = Windows Explorer Win + D = Desktop Win + L = Lock computer Do you know other useful shortcuts?

29. Task Manager See list of – Running processes – System performance – App history – Startup apps – Logged on users – Running services

30. Task Manager To open – Ctrl + Shift + Esc To close an application – Processes tab Find appropriate process End process Protip – Show processes from all users – Resource Monitor

31. Task Manager Resource Monitor Start Microsoft Word 2013 Open Task Manager Find the Microsoft Word 2013 process and close it Start the Resource Monitor What application is using – The most CPU power – The most RAM memory – Causing the most network traffic 15 mins.

32. Device Manager View a list of hardware devices installed on your computer and set properties for each device Identify components that are not working properly (Re)install device drivers for hardware

33. Device Manager

34. Open Device Manager Identify the make and model of the – CPU – Network adapter – Keyboard Rename a COM port to: COM10 Revert the COM port name to its original value 20 mins.

35. Snipping Tool Capture the screen or areas of the screen and save it as an image

36. Snipping Tool Open the Snipping Tool Open the Calculator Capture the Calculator window using the snipping tool Save the image as.png 10 mins.

37. What did we learn today? Creating and managing virtual machines Operating system architectures, roles and components Useful tricks and tips on using Microsoft Windows

38. Courses Available online at: http://www.ael.utcluj.ro/ Information for Students -> Courses -> Applied Informatics