1. Smart-Box for Efficient Energy Utilization Group 68 Jaime Gaya Fuertes, Somnath Deshmukh & Ziheng Wu ECE 445 – Senior Design TA – Jackson Lenz

2. Introduction Consumer level energy sharing An innovative way to trade energy Increased flexibility in the energy market Economic and resourceful tool for renewable energy market

3. Objectives Trade system to allow purchase and sale of energy between a network of consumers independently Cloud system to collect information from every house Real time tracking of battery capacity and power consumption Central cloud Market analysis of current energy usage and market price evaluation User interface allowing consumer to interact with the cloud to sell or purchase energy

4. System Overview Hardware: – Power supply, Battery charger, Boost-buck converter, Linear rectifier – Power sensor, Microcontroller Software: – Microcontroller with WiFi Shield – Cloud database server, User interface

5. Block Diagram

6. Power System – General Schematic

7. Battery 3 cells 18650 - 3.7 V Li-ion chemistry 3600 mAh V max = 4.2 V V min = 3 V Source: Battery university

8. Rectifier Ripple =0.011 V 14.508 14.497

9. LT 1513 I max = 1.15 A (at 12.6 V) Max supply voltage = 30 V Charge any number of cells up to 20 Constant output 1% Voltage Accuracy for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Source: linear technology

10. Battery charger (IC) R7> 112.75K

11. 12.8780 12.8704 Ripple= 0.0076 Output voltage

12. Output current 1.036 0.999 Ripple = 0.037 A

13. Rectifier Battery charger PCB Design Output Input

14. LT8580 (main features) Boost Converter Input voltage: 2.55 – 40 V Max switch current at 1.5 MHz -> 1.5 A

15. Boost Converter V input = 11. V V output = 30 +/- 2 V

16. 31. 199 31.178 Ripple = 0.021 V Output voltage

17. Input Output PCB Design

18. LT8609 (main features) Buck Converter Input voltage: 3V - 42 V 2 A max input / 3 A peak transient Efficiency above 90 %

19. Buck Converter V in = 30 +/- 2 V V out = 14 +/- 0.5 V

20. 14.21889 14.21959 Ripple = 0.0007 V Output Voltage

21. Input Output PCB Design

22. RV table TaskRV TABLESIMULATION Rectifier14 +/- 1 V[14.497 - 14.508] V Battery charger12.8 +/- 0.2 V 1.0 +/- 0.2 V [12.8704 - 12.8780] V [0.996 – 1.036] A Boost converter30 +/- 2 V[31.178 - 31.199] V Buck Converter14+ / - 0.5 V[14.21889 - 14.21959] V

23. Power Sensor Requirements – – Input: 3.7V to 12.6V – Li-ion compatible – Multiple cell operation (2 series and 3 series) – Measures battery voltage, remaining capacity and state of charge of the battery – I2C communication

24. Choice 1 - LTC-2943 20V battery gas gauge from Linear Technology 3.6V to 20V Operating range for Multiple cells 1% Voltage, current, charge accuracy I2C/SMBus interface

25. LTC-2943 Schematic

26. Design Considerations Advantages – – Simple circuit integration with battery and micro-controller – Low cost (ordered samples for free) Disadvantages- – 8-lead DFN Package – not suitable for integration with design

27. Choice 2 – BQ34Z100-G1 Supports Li-Ion Chemistry Uses Impedence Track™ technology for batteries from 3V-65V Supports 2 wire I2C communicatio n

28. BQ34Z100-G1

29. Design Considerations Disadvantages – Complicated circuit design – Expensive model with added components Solution – BQ34Z100-EVM Gas gauge evaluation module

30. Final Choice – BQ34Z100-EVM Supports Li-Ion chemistry BQ34Z100 circuit module I2C communication Uses Impedence Track™ technology for obtaining battery chemistry data

31. BQ34Z100-EVM

32. Testing and Integration Procedure – – Developed Arduino test code for obtaining battery chemistry data – Secured I2C connection using appropriate pull up resistors between arduino and EVM module Observation – – Non responsiveness from the gas gauge – Stagnant chemistry data received through I2C

33. Power Sensor Conclusion Repetitive incorrect values signify EVM is not configured EV 2300 component required for configuring battery chemistry algorithm for the EVM module Non-sustaining for our system

34. Software User Interface -Web Application Cloud Computing Unit -Data storage and back-end computing algorithm Arduino Programming with Wi-Fi Shield 101 -Data transmission between the micro controller and web server

35. User Interface Display the battery information Display the energy market information Allow users to request transactions and project information

36. User Interface Login page

37. User Interface Main page

38. User Interface Selling page

39. User Interface Market page

40. Pseudo Code of Transaction Algorithm

41. Cloud Computing Unit Web Server - Website domain: eventclicker.web.engr.illinois.edu eventclicker.web.engr.illinois.edu Database Server (MySQL) - private data - public data Computing Algorithm - Setting the market price - recommendation for the lowest price

42. Arduino Wi-Fi Shield 101 (Connected with Arduino mega 2560) -Send the measured data to the server -Keep receiving the trading state data from the server -Output signal from pin6 to relay Arduino Wi-Fi Shield Arduino mega 2560

43. Arduino Pseudo Code

44. More Software Details Tools used: C panel (MySQL, phpMyAdmin, etc.) Programming Language: -Arduino: C/C++ -Client: HTML&CSS -Server: php CSS Reference: Bootstrap

45. Challenges Unable to equip gas gauge functionalities, leading to loss of real data Faulty batteries not equipped for safe use Battery charging takes a long time – 1.1V increase in 9 hours – Not equipped for consumer use Proof of concept only for one-to-one power transfer

46. Future Hardware Development Finish the trade process Integrate solar panels for promoting the use of renewable systems Enable consumer grid level power sharing

47. Future Software Development Graphical and Dynamic Display of the Energy Fluctuation Actual Price Fluctuation Model Android/IOS apps

48. Smart-Box Future Goals Try to enable the proof of concept within a network of 4 batteries Integrate with renewable households or solar communities Enable efficient intra-household battery allocation

49. Credits Jackson Lenz

50. References Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 7.8 IEEE Code of ethics, http://www.ieee.org/about/corporate/governance/p7- 8.html D. Wart, Power Electronics. McGraw-Hill Education, 2010. "Arduino - ArduinoBoardMega2560." Arduino. Arduino, n.d. Web. March 1, 2016. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMega2560. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMega2560 “BQ34z100-EVM 1s to 16s Impedance Track fuel gauge battery evaluation module”http://www.ti.com/tool/bq34z100evm?keyMatch=b q34z100-evm&tisearch=Search-EN-Everythinghttp://www.ti.com/tool/bq34z100evm?keyMatch=b q34z100-evm&tisearch=Search-EN-Everything

51. Questions?