1. Date of download: 5/28/2016 From: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 17: A 9-Year Update of a Randomized, Controlled Trial on the Effect of Improved Metabolic Control on Complications in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(1_Part_2):136-145. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00011 A flow diagram of randomization.The main analysis compares patients assigned to conventional therapy with diet with patients assigned to intensive therapy with sulfonylurea or insulin (dotted box). Obese patients assigned to conventional therapy are compared with those assigned to metformin therapy (marked by an asterisk). Additionally, patients assigned to sulfonylurea are compared with those assigned to insulin and patients assigned to the first-generation sulfonylurea chlorpropamide are compared with those assigned to second-generation glyburide or glipizide. fpg equals fasting plasma glucose level. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

2. Date of download: 5/28/2016 From: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 17: A 9-Year Update of a Randomized, Controlled Trial on the Effect of Improved Metabolic Control on Complications in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(1_Part_2):136-145. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00011 The left-hand panels show the median fasting plasma glucose (A) and hemoglobin A 1c (B) in patients assigned to conventional therapy (●) and those assigned to intensive therapy with sulfonylurea or insulin (fill diamond) in all patients studied each year up to 9 years of follow-up.1c1c1c1cThe histograms show the total number of patients with data at each year in this cross-sectional analysis. The dotted lines for fasting plasma glucose show 7.8 and 6.0 mmol/L, the apparent thresholds from epidemiologic studies for microvascular and macrovascular complications, and for hemoglobin A, the upper end of the normal range, 6.2%. The right-hand panels shows the median fasting plasma glucose level (C) and hemoglobin A level (D) in obese patients assigned to conventional therapy ○ and those assigned to intensive therapy with metformin (+) and with sulfonylurea or insulin (open diamond). FPG equals fasting plasma glucose level; HbA equals hemoglobin A level. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

3. Date of download: 5/28/2016 From: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 17: A 9-Year Update of a Randomized, Controlled Trial on the Effect of Improved Metabolic Control on Complications in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(1_Part_2):136-145. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00011 A 9-year comparison of hemoglobin A 1c levels in the conventional and intensive therapy groups in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)[21]and in the cohorts of patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS).1cBoth studies used the Biorad HPLC analyzer method and were analyzed by assignment to therapy. For the first 3 years, hemoglobin A levels in the UKPDS patients had a lower range than in the DCCT patients, but after 7 years, UKPDS levels were in the lower DCCT range. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

4. Date of download: 5/28/2016 From: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 17: A 9-Year Update of a Randomized, Controlled Trial on the Effect of Improved Metabolic Control on Complications in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(1_Part_2):136-145. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00011 A 9-year comparison of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in the patients of the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP)[7]who were taking either placebo or variable-insulin doses and in the cohorts of the conventional and insulin therapy groups of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) studied for 9 years[33], both analyzed by assignment to therapy.The UGDP measured blood glucose levels and a correction of × 1.1 was used to give equivalent fasting plasma glucose values. The two studies have shown similar deterioration of blood glucose control over 9 years. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

5. Date of download: 5/28/2016 From: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 17: A 9-Year Update of a Randomized, Controlled Trial on the Effect of Improved Metabolic Control on Complications in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(1_Part_2):136-145. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00011 Proportion of patients developing diabetes-related clinical end points over 9 years, as shown by a Kaplan-Meier plot.*. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians