1. PET

2. How does technology work?

3. Strengths & limitations + localization. + Structure and function. + neurological diseases + Skill + Harmful + Uncomfortable for patients + Use of needles + Expensive + Correlation + Does not imply causation when interpreting the relationship between structure and function + Artificial environment therefore low ecological validity + Hard to distinguish

5. Experimental study

6. Area of Psychology: Cognitive Psychology Year: 2004 Researcher: Richard Davidson Aim: To investigate the effect of meditation on brain activity (the effect of cognition on physiology) Procedures: Method: An experimental study Independent Variable 1- Eight Buddhist monks (highly experienced in meditation) Independent Variable 2 – 10 volunteers (trained in meditation for one week) Dependent Variable: Long-term effect of meditation in brain activity All the participants were asked to meditate on love and compassion Using a PET scan, control groups were observed

7. Findings & Conclusions: Davidson observed that two of the controls and the monks experienced an increase in the number of gamma waves in their brain during meditation. When they stopped meditating, the volunteers gamma wave production returned back to normal while the monks, who have been meditating for more than 10, 000 hours in order to attain the rank of adept, did not experience a decrease to normal in their gamma wave production when they stopped meditating. The synchronized gamma-wave area in the monks’ brain during the meditation was also found to be larger than the activation of the volunteers’ brains. Meditation could have long term effects on the brain and in the way that it processes emotions. The brain is adaptive to stimulation (Davidson, 2004) Evaluation (MECG): Methodology: Experimental study  cause and effect Culture: Monks  from Asia Gender: Androcentric

8. 100 200 300

9. What does PET stand for? STOP

10. What must patients be injected with before scanning? STOP

11. What kind of images does the PET scan show? STOP

12. What does Davidson’s study demonstrate? STOP

13. Name 3 limitations of the PET scan. STOP

14. How can meditation affect brain activity? STOP

15. Bibliography http://www.buffalo.edu/UBT/UBT- archives/09_ubtsp98/images/features/f4_men.gif http://www.buffalo.edu/UBT/UBT- archives/09_ubtsp98/images/features/f4_men.gif http://www.medicexchange.com/images/stories/news/pet_sanner.j pg http://www.medicexchange.com/images/stories/news/pet_sanner.j pg http://www.digitaljournal.com/img/3/6/0/2/1/4/i/5/4/4/o/PET_sca n_Parkinson_s_Disease.jpg http://www.digitaljournal.com/img/3/6/0/2/1/4/i/5/4/4/o/PET_sca n_Parkinson_s_Disease.jpg http://www.bayer.com.tr/ebbsc/export/sites/tr_bc_internet/tr/_gal leries/images/TextImages/alzheimer1.jpg http://www.bayer.com.tr/ebbsc/export/sites/tr_bc_internet/tr/_gal leries/images/TextImages/alzheimer1.jpg http://www.medical.siemens.com/siemens/en_US/rg_marcom_FB As/files/presskits/SNM2005/biograph_64_product_image1.jpg http://www.medical.siemens.com/siemens/en_US/rg_marcom_FB As/files/presskits/SNM2005/biograph_64_product_image1.jpg http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/images/PET_XBD9901- 00117.jpg http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/images/PET_XBD9901- 00117.jpg Crane,J.(2009).psychology. Oxford:New York.