3. 67 x 89 = ?

4. 67 x 89 --------- 603 + 536 --------- 5963

5. Representing information (data) as computer graphics.

6. Scientific Visualization: Scientific Data Engineering Visualization: Measurement Data Information Visualization: Abstract Data

7. Data Structures: How to store and retrieve data. For visualization: input data (to be visualized) and output data (graphics). Algorithms: How to process data efficiently. For visualization: converting input data into graphical data and display/print them.

8. Started from CFD (Computational Fluid Mechanics) in the 80s. Formalized as an research discipline in 1989. (NSF Report on Scientific Visualization).

9. Commonly in the form of a grid: data values are known on the grid nodes.

10. Visualizing data variation through out the volume of interest.

11. Local Trilinear Interpolation

12. 4 Mapping data values to colors with a color map.

13. A color map.

14. 4 Revealing data values inside the volume of interest.

15. 4 Revealing data values on cutting planes.

16. 4 Iso-surface: a surface of constant data values.

19. 4 Iso-line: a line of constant data values.

21. Scalar: one value per data point Vector: 3 values per data point 3 Scalars Tensor: 9 values per data point 9 Scalars 3 Vectors

22. 3 scalar values, (v x, v y, v z ) => direction and length

26. Warping: deformation of geometry according to a vector.

27. Displacement Plots: represent data values as the displacement of a surface in the direction perpendicular to the surface.

28. Streamlines: outlines of fluid flow

29. Stream-tubes: streamline + isosurface + color mapping

30. Three eigenvectors: V 1  V 2  V 3

32. W. Shroeder, K. Martin, & B. Lorensen The Visualization Toolkit - An Object-oriented Approach to 3D Graphics, 2nd ed. www.kitware.com

34. Intelligent Monitoring Traffic Assembly Line

35. Data capturing Data analysis Data representation

36. Data capturing sensors, video cameras, tracking devices Data analysis video image processing is a challenge Data representation color coding (e.g. GIS – Geographical Information Systems, google map)

37. video image processing : computer vision : OpenCV http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/ http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/ ITK: http://www.itk.org/

38. Measurement Data: Scattered Sparse

39. Scattered Data: sample points distributed unevenly and non-uniformly throughout the volume of interest. 4

40. T. Foley & A. D. Lane Visualization of Irregular Multivariate Data Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on Visualization, San Francisco, CA, 1990

41. Scattered Data Interpolation Modeling Intermediate Grid Rendering Grid-based Rendered Volume

42. Information Visualization 4 Data abstract 4 Not interpolatable 4 Domain dependent 4 Visual Analytics (IA: Intelligence Amplification) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_visualization http://ieeevis.org/ http://www.tableauconference.com/

43. Information Visualization GapMinder Hans Rosling’s TED Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUwS1uAdUcI 4 http://www.gapminder.org http://www.gapminder.org 4 http://www.gapminder.org/data/ http://www.gapminder.org/data/ 4 http://www.gapminder.org/downloads/ http://www.gapminder.org/downloads/ 4 http://www.gapminder.org/labs http://www.gapminder.org/labs

44. Information Visualization Parallel Coordinates Visualizing high dimensional data using parallel vertical axes. Each axis represents one dimension. Each data point is drawn as a polyline connecting its attribute values on the axes. 4 Basic concepts: 4 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_coordinates http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_coordinates 4 https://eagereyes.org/techniques/parallel-coordinates https://eagereyes.org/techniques/parallel-coordinates

45. Visualization in Art 4 New Media Art 4 Art work generated by computers 4 Interactive 4 Audience participation Examples: http://www.kangeunsu.com/

46. Visualization Programming Tools For Scientific Visualization Visualization Toolkit (VTK) http://www.vtk.org/ VTK Documentation http://www.vtk.org/documentation/ VTK Online Visualization http://www.kitware.com/solutions/dataanalytics/ webvisualization.html

47. Visualization Programming Tools For Engineering Visualization Interpolation Overview https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpolation Least squares in VTK http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/VTK/Examples/Cxx/M ath/LeastSquares Solve Linear Systems in VTK http://www.vtk.org/doc/release/5.0/html/a01710. html#e7

48. Visualization Programming Tools For Information Visualization 4 Google Visualization API https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/d ocs/reference Google Charts https://google- developers.appspot.com/chart/interactive/docs/g allery Other Google APIs https://developers.google.com/products/

49. Visualization Programming Tools For Information Visualization 4 VTK Chart API http://www.vtk.org/features-2d-plots-and-charts/ 4 JavaScript charts for web & mobile http://www.fusioncharts.com/.NET Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) http://wpftutorial.net/

50. Parallel Coordinates Tools 4 Free software: http://www.xdat.orghttp://www.xdat.org 4 4 Source code with demo: 4 https://syntagmatic.github.io/parallel-coordinates/ https://syntagmatic.github.io/parallel-coordinates/ 4 http://mbostock.github.io/protovis/ex/cars.html http://mbostock.github.io/protovis/ex/cars.html 4 4 3D PC: 4 http://innovis.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/Research/3DParallelCoordinates http://innovis.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/Research/3DParallelCoordinates 4 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680710 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680710 4 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1532141&t ag=1 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1532141&t ag=1 4

51. Data Source 4 Google Public Data Directory: http://www.google.com/publicdata/directory http://www.google.com/publicdata/directory 4 Data in GapMinder World: http://www.gapminder.org/data/ http://www.gapminder.org/data/ 4 Ask Dr. Xiao for the following data CT Scan Image Data Scattered Data Social Visualization Data Genomic Data

52. Visualization Overview Visualization Data Structures AlgorithmsBackgroundTerm projects Scientific3D Girds Marching Cubes/Voxel, Local Interpolations VTK 3D Printing Cloud GPU EngineeringScattered Global Interpolations Linear Algebra Matrix Inversion VTK Old and new interpolation methods GPU Cloud Abstract (Information) Not interpolatable Stored in tables. GapMinder Parallel Coordinates (2D,3D) WebGL.NET WPF Google API XDAT VTK Social Vis Genomic Vis Online Vis DB Vis

53. Summary 4 Visualization: Information/Data to Graphics 4 Current Techniques for Scientific Visualization 4 Examples of Engineering Visualization 4 Examples of Information Visualization 4 Visualization in Art 4 Visualization Programming Tools