2. MYTHS OF STDs True or False 1. Most people with an STD experience painful symptoms. 2. Birth control pills prevent the spread of STDs. 3. Douching will cure an STD. 4. Abstinence is the best way to prevent STDs. 5. If you get an STD once, and are treated, you can’t get it again. 6. A person does not need to see a doctor if he/she notices scores on his/her genitals once, but then they go away. 7. Condoms help prevent the spread of STDs

3. How well do you know the 20 people you had sex with last night?

4. STDs STDs are diseases and infections which are capable of being spread from person to person through: STDs are diseases and infections which are capable of being spread from person to person through: sexual intercourse sexual intercourse oral-genital contactoral-genital contact IV drug useIV drug use

5. Symptoms What are the symptoms? How would I know if I have been infected? Sores (either painful or painless) Sores (either painful or painless) Blood in urine Blood in urine Burning sensation when urinating Burning sensation when urinating Rashes Rashes Itching Itching Bumps Bumps Warts Warts Unusual discharge Unusual discharge

6. STD’s

7. Chlamydia Four million new cases occur each year Four million new cases occur each year SYMPTOMS: fever, weight loss for no reason, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea, white spots on the mouth. SYMPTOMS: fever, weight loss for no reason, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea, white spots on the mouth. FEMALE SYMPTOMS: Vaginal discharge (white or grey) or burning with urination Lower abdominal pain Bleeding between menstrual periods. Low-grade fever (later symptom) MALE SYMPTOMS: Discharge from the penis and/or burning when urinating Discharge from the penis and/or burning when urinating Burning and itching around the opening of the penis Pain and swelling in the testicles Low –grade fever (associated with epididymitis – inflammation of the testicles)

8. Gonorrhea Each year approximately 700,000 people in the United States are infected with gonorrhea Each year approximately 700,000 people in the United States are infected with gonorrhea People get gonorrhea from close sexual contact (anal, oral and vaginal sex). People get gonorrhea from close sexual contact (anal, oral and vaginal sex). Gonorrhea can also be spread from mother to child during birth. Gonorrhea can also be spread from mother to child during birth. Gonorrhea infection can spread to other unlikely parts of the body Gonorrhea infection can spread to other unlikely parts of the body

9. Gonorrhea

10. Symptoms of Gonorrhea Appear 5-7 days or can take up to 30 days to appear Appear 5-7 days or can take up to 30 days to appear sore or red throat if you have gonorrhea in the throat from oral sex sore or red throat if you have gonorrhea in the throat from oral sex rectal pain rectal pain blood and pus in bowel movements if you have gonorrhea in the rectum from anal sex. blood and pus in bowel movements if you have gonorrhea in the rectum from anal sex.

11. FEMALE SYMPTOMS: FEMALE SYMPTOMS: Symptoms may show up 2-21 days after having sex May notice a yellow or white discharge from the vagina May be a burning or pain when urinating Bleeding between periods Heavier and more painful periods Cramps or pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes with nausea or fever MALE SYMPTOMS: MALE SYMPTOMS: Yellow or white drip/discharge from penis Burning or pain when urinating Frequent urinating Swollen testicles

12. Syphilis The long range effects can be very serious, including death. The long range effects can be very serious, including death. In 2006 there were 36,000 new cases in the US up 11% from 2005 In 2006 there were 36,000 new cases in the US up 11% from 2005 Passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore Passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore Sores mainly occur on the external genitalia, vagina, anus, or rectum. Sores can also occur on the lips and in the mouth. Sores mainly occur on the external genitalia, vagina, anus, or rectum. Sores can also occur on the lips and in the mouth. Transmission of the organism occurs during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Transmission of the organism occurs during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.

13. Symptoms – Stage 1 Symptoms usually appear 10-90 days after contact. Symptoms usually appear 10-90 days after contact. An infected person gets a sore (chancre), which may be painful at the point of contact (mouth, anus, rectum, throat or the sex organ). An infected person gets a sore (chancre), which may be painful at the point of contact (mouth, anus, rectum, throat or the sex organ). The chancre is usually firm, round, small, and painless. It appears at the spot where the bacterium entered the body. The chancre is usually firm, round, small, and painless. It appears at the spot where the bacterium entered the body. The chancre lasts 1-5 weeks and heals on its own. The chancre lasts 1-5 weeks and heals on its own. This will disappear on its own, but may last 4-6 weeks. This will disappear on its own, but may last 4-6 weeks. In the female, the chancre is often internal and cannot be seen. In the female, the chancre is often internal and cannot be seen.

14. Syphilis – 1 st Stage

15. Secondary Stage lasts 3-6 weeks. lasts 3-6 weeks. After the chancre comes a copper- colored skin rash which may appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or in more severe cases covers the entire body. After the chancre comes a copper- colored skin rash which may appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or in more severe cases covers the entire body. The rash may be accompanied by fever, headaches, indigestion, loss of appetite, or loss of hair in spots over the scalp. The rash may be accompanied by fever, headaches, indigestion, loss of appetite, or loss of hair in spots over the scalp.

16. Secondary Stage

17. Third Stage – Latent Period All symptoms disappear so that the victim thinks he/she is cured. All symptoms disappear so that the victim thinks he/she is cured. If treatment is not received the bacteria remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, If treatment is not received the bacteria remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints.

18. Fourth Stage - Tertiary The results of the internal damage from the 3 rd stage shows up many years later. The results of the internal damage from the 3 rd stage shows up many years later. Ten, twenty, even thirty years after the initial infection - sudden heart attack, failure of vision, loss of motor coordination or mental disturbances. Ten, twenty, even thirty years after the initial infection - sudden heart attack, failure of vision, loss of motor coordination or mental disturbances.

19. Herpes Symptoms usually show 2-20 days after contact. Symptoms usually show 2-20 days after contact. May be extremely painful or very mild. May be extremely painful or very mild. “outbreaks” of blisters and ulcers. “outbreaks” of blisters and ulcers. Once infected with HSV, people remain infected for life. Once infected with HSV, people remain infected for life. Stress, bruising, chaffing, or a woman’s period may cause an onset of the disease. Stress, bruising, chaffing, or a woman’s period may cause an onset of the disease. FEMALE SYMPTOMS: Blisters in or around the vagina, fever and headaches. headaches. MALE SYMPTOMS: Small sore or cluster of blisters on the penis.

20. Herpes

21. Genital Warts Growths that appear on the vagina or penis, near the anus, and sometimes in the throat. Growths that appear on the vagina or penis, near the anus, and sometimes in the throat. They are caused by viruses and spread through sexual contact. They are caused by viruses and spread through sexual contact. The virus that causes genital warts is spread by vaginal or anal intercourse and by oral sex. The virus that causes genital warts is spread by vaginal or anal intercourse and by oral sex. Warts may appear within several weeks after sex with a person who has HPV; or they may take months or years to appear; or they may never appear. Warts may appear within several weeks after sex with a person who has HPV; or they may take months or years to appear; or they may never appear. A person can be infected and pass on the virus without knowing it. A person can be infected and pass on the virus without knowing it. Approximately 5.5 million new cases of sexually transmitted HPV (one third of all new STDs) occur in the U.S. each year, with at least 40 million people currently infected. Approximately 5.5 million new cases of sexually transmitted HPV (one third of all new STDs) occur in the U.S. each year, with at least 40 million people currently infected. Three out of four Americans between the ages of 15 and 49 have been infected with genital HPV in their lifetimes. Three out of four Americans between the ages of 15 and 49 have been infected with genital HPV in their lifetimes.

22. Symptoms Usually the warts look like tiny cauliflowers, but sometimes they are flat. Usually the warts look like tiny cauliflowers, but sometimes they are flat. The warts may cause itching, burning and some pain, but often don’t cause any pain at all. The warts may cause itching, burning and some pain, but often don’t cause any pain at all. Warts may be inside the vagina or on the cervix, rectum or throat, so you might not notice them. Warts may be inside the vagina or on the cervix, rectum or throat, so you might not notice them. They might also be so small that you cannot see them. They might also be so small that you cannot see them.

23. Pubic Lice = Crabs Pubic lice are called “crabs” because they look like crabs. Pubic lice are called “crabs” because they look like crabs. Crabs are frequently the color and size of small freckles. These very small lice (crabs) usually attack the sexual (pubic) areas of the body. Crabs are frequently the color and size of small freckles. These very small lice (crabs) usually attack the sexual (pubic) areas of the body. Found under arms, eyelashes, moustaches. Found under arms, eyelashes, moustaches. Spread through direct physical contact. Close body contact with an infected person. Spread through direct physical contact. Close body contact with an infected person. SYMPTOMS: A terrible, persisting itch in the genital, rectal (sexual) area. SYMPTOMS: A terrible, persisting itch in the genital, rectal (sexual) area.

24. Crabs – under microscope

25. STD Prevention Abstinence Abstinence Know your partner Know your partner Limit your partners Limit your partners Wear protection Wear protection Visit your doctor Visit your doctor

26. Remember: 3 million teens contract an STD each year – some of which have no cure, are a leading cause of cervical cancer or can even lead to infertility. 3 million teens contract an STD each year – some of which have no cure, are a leading cause of cervical cancer or can even lead to infertility.

27. Test your knowledge

28. Question #1 30 to 40 million Americans currently have? A. HIV/Aids A. HIV/Aids B. Herpes B. Herpes C. Chlamydia C. Chlamydia

29. B. Herpes Herpes affects more people in the US than any other sexually transmitted disease. Its currently estimated that 30-40 million Americans have herpes. Chlamydia, however chalks up more new cases in the Us than any other STD: there are 4 million new cases each year, as compared to 500,000 new cases of herpes. Herpes affects more people in the US than any other sexually transmitted disease. Its currently estimated that 30-40 million Americans have herpes. Chlamydia, however chalks up more new cases in the Us than any other STD: there are 4 million new cases each year, as compared to 500,000 new cases of herpes.

30. Question #2 Women who’ve had an STD are at risk for: A. Infertility A. Infertility B. HIV/Aids B. HIV/Aids C. Cervical Cancer C. Cervical Cancer

31. All are correct Women who have had STD’s are at increased risk for infertility, AIDS, and cervical cancer. Women who have had STD’s are at increased risk for infertility, AIDS, and cervical cancer.

32. Question #3 Experts call which of the following bacterial STD “the silent epidemic”? A. Scabies A. Scabies B. Chlamydia B. Chlamydia C. Herpes C. Herpes

33. B. Chlamydia It is called the silent epidemic because 75% of women and 50% of men with the disease experience no symptoms. It is especially prevalent among young people. It is called the silent epidemic because 75% of women and 50% of men with the disease experience no symptoms. It is especially prevalent among young people.

34. Question #4 Which of the following groups is at greatest risk for STD’s? A. Men under 25 A. Men under 25 B. Women under 25 B. Women under 25 C. Men 25-40 C. Men 25-40

35. B. Women under 25 The highest rate of infection in women ages 15-19. The highest rate of infection in women ages 15-19.

36. Question # 5 When asked to name the greatest obstacle they face in trying to protect themselves against STD’s, people often cite: A. Carelessness A. Carelessness B. Ignorance B. Ignorance C. Self-consciousness C. Self-consciousness

37. C. Self-consciousness People often site embarrassment as the greatest obstacle they face in trying to protect themselves against STD’s People often site embarrassment as the greatest obstacle they face in trying to protect themselves against STD’s

38. Question #6 Which of the following STD’s can be cured? A. Herpes A. Herpes B. Gonorrhea B. Gonorrhea C. Genital Warts C. Genital Warts

39. B. Gonorrhea It is easy to cure with antibiotics. It is easy to cure with antibiotics. Herpes and genital warts, while treatable, are chronic viral infections and are not curable. Herpes and genital warts, while treatable, are chronic viral infections and are not curable.

40. Question #7 The most common symptom of STD infection in women is: A. Vaginal discharge A. Vaginal discharge B. sores or blisters in the genital region B. sores or blisters in the genital region C. no symptoms C. no symptoms

41. c. No symptoms It is estimated that from 10-20% of men with STD’s and 75% of women with STD’s experience no symptoms. It is estimated that from 10-20% of men with STD’s and 75% of women with STD’s experience no symptoms.

42. Question #8 The best form of protection against STD’s during sex is: A. Spermicides A. Spermicides B. Condoms, used correctly all the time B. Condoms, used correctly all the time C. The pill C. The pill

43. B. Condoms- used correctly Condoms (Male and Female) are still the best form of protection for anal, oral, and vaginal sex. Condoms (Male and Female) are still the best form of protection for anal, oral, and vaginal sex. But even condoms can’t protect you from every STD, they can’t always protect you against herpes for example. But even condoms can’t protect you from every STD, they can’t always protect you against herpes for example.

44. STD Prevention Abstinence Abstinence Know your partner Know your partner Limit your partners Limit your partners Wear protection Wear protection Visit your doctor Visit your doctor