1. Music Through The Ages Monday, November 16th

2. Objectives Brahms, Schubert and Wagner Review Brahms Listening Examples Brahms Quiz tomorrow (Tuesday) Begin Late-Romantic Era Happy Monday!

3. Review What were the years of Brahms? What was Brahms’ primary instrument? Where was Brahms born? Which major composer did Brahms insult? What were the years of Schubert? What were his primary instruments? Where was Schubert born? Who was a major teacher of Schubert? (not his father) Name a major piece by Schubert?

4. Brahms Listening Examples https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6zpVsGbvNo Brahms Requiem Mvt. 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfDxnpXO0TU Brahms Scherzo No. 4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_P2AzhECVJ8 Brahms Symphony 4 Mvt. 1

5. Late Romantic Era The Late Romantic Era stretches from 1850-1900 and operates within the overarching Romantic Era Much like the Romantic Era, the Late Romantic deals mostly with human expression and inner emotion. Major composers of the Late Romantic: Tchaikovsky, Korsakov, Dvorak, Verdi, Puccini, Mussorgsky, Grieg, Elgar, Mahler and Strauss

6. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Born in 1840 in Votkinsk, Russia. Died in 1893 in St. Petersburg. Began piano lessons at age 5 and within 3 years could out-play his teacher In 1850, Tchaikovsky was sent off to the Imperial School of Jurisprudence in Saint Petersburg. This school served as a pre-law institution. At the time, there were two avenues one could go down in pursuit of a career in music: teaching in an academy or an instrumentalist in one of the theatre’s. Musicians were considered to be apart of the lowest rung in society, right along side peasants

7. Tchaikovsky Bio Continued While at the Jurisprudence School, Tchaikovsky began studying piano in 1855 with Rudolph Kündinger who saw talent but noted there was not enough talent to pursue a career. Kündinger, later said he told Tchaikovsky this to deter him from being treated like musicians of the time and encouraged him to finish his studies After graduation in 1859, Tchaikovsky goes on to study at the Russian Musical Society (RMS) learning both theory and counterpoint

8. Tchaikovsky’s Musical Career In 1865, Tchaikovsky graduates from RMS and accepted a post at the newly opened Moscow Conservatory in the same year In 1876 he writes one of his most famous ballets, Swan Lake https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rJoB7y6Ncs (2:40) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rJoB7y6Ncs In 1880 he writes one the most well-known orchestral pieces, 1812 Overture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zh9dHyTxYkI (Finale) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zh9dHyTxYkI

9. More works by Tchaikovsky In 1892, Tchaikovsky creates his most notable ballet, The Nutcracker https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mjbrf141mV8 (Overture) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mjbrf141mV8 In 1893 he writes his most notable symphony, Symphony No. 6 Pathetique https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDqCIcsUtPI

10. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov Born in 1844 in the town of Tikhvin (outside of St. Petersburg), Russia Died in 1908 in Luga Member of “The Mighty Five” (Korsakov, Balakirev, Cui, Borodin and Mussorgsky) Believed in writing in the Nationlistic Style of music (a.k.a the Russian Sound)

11. Korsakov Bio Continued Started piano lessons at age 6 but was not good, at all (which other major composer had this issue?) Began writing music at age 10 and had an incredible knack for it Belonged to a military family and therefore served his country instead of attending college In 1861, meets other members of “The Might Five,” Balakirev, Cui and Mussorgsky. Balakirev taught him to compose and the basic rudiments of theory

12. Korsakov’s Musical Career In 1871, at the age of 27, Korsakov was appointed Professor of Composition at the St. Petersburg Conservatory Considered to be a master orchestrator and compositional genius Notable works: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBdKlNsuPd4 Procession of the Nobles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17lEx0ytE_0 Scheherazade https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYAJopwEYv8 Flight of the Bumblebee