1. Child Sexual Exploitation

2. Aim of Session Introduction to CSE team in Gloucestershire CSE Terms of Reference Process of an Investigation The issue of Consent Importance of intelligence The link between Missing and CSE Process of referrals within Gloucestershire Findings of the team to date Case study

3. Definition of Child Sexual Exploitation Sexual exploitation of children and young people U18 involves exploitative situations, contexts and relationships, where the young person (or 3 rd party) receives ‘something’ as a result of them performing, and/or others performing on them, sexual activities. CSE can occur through the use of technology, without the young person recognising it as such; for example, being persuaded to pose for and post sexual images online without immediate payment/gain. Those exploiting the young person have power over them, by virtue of age, gender, intellect, physical strength and/or economic or other resources. Violence, coercion and intimidation are common. The young person's choices are limited resulting from their vulnerability (social, economic, emotional). Source: national Working Group for Sexually Exploited Children and Young people 2008)

4. Grooming Processes. Inappropriate Relationships ‘Boyfriend’ Model of Exploitation and Peer Exploitation Organised or Networked Sexual Exploitation or Trafficking

5. . Indicators and tell-tale signs Going missing for periods of time or regularly returning home late Disengagement from education Appearing with unexplained gifts or new possessions Peers and friends Sexual health issues Changes in temperament/depression Drugs and alcohol misuse Displaying inappropriate sexualised behaviours Involvement in exploitative relationships or association with risky adults Source: Barnardo’s ‘Puppet on a string’, 2011

6. Recent news stories Operation Bullfinch – Oxford Thames Valley police, 2013 South Yorkshire Police, October 2013

7. Other Operations Operation Retriever, Derbyshire CSE case. Rochdale/Oldham, CSE case. Op Brook, Avon and Somerset CSE case. Gloucestershire – Operation Hardacre, Operation Ellbrook

8. Gloucestershire Police CSE Unit Yes No (advice given) All referrals to go to the Central Referral Unit 01242 247999 DS Nigel Hatten 01452 753286 DC Tess NawazDC Becky KingDC Kim ToogoodPC Nicki DannattPC Jenny Kadodia PC Christine Pfister (missing persons coordinator) Karen Smith Youth Support Team Karen Smith Youth Support Team Debbie Miles Youth Support Team Debbie Miles Youth Support Team CSE Coordinator Social care senior practitioner The CSE team sits within the Public Protection Bureau

9. Gloucestershire Process Allocate to appropriate team to investigate Terms of reference for the CSE Unit Investigate organised CSE where groups and gangs of individuals are involved in the sexual exploitation of children or localised (or on-street) grooming and internal trafficking Investigate predatory paedophiles who target children Work with the Indecent Images of Children team to investigate technology based offenders who encourage and use technology to groom and exploit children Attend section 47 strategy discussions convened to discuss CSE concerns following an outside agency or internal referral Advise and assist officers attending multi-agency risk management meeting for vulnerable children Provide advice and guidance on disruption of perpetrators behaviour and where possible assist in this process In conjunction with, and as part of Gloucestershire Safeguarding Children’s Board (GSCB), work with partner agencies and the private sector to promote the awareness of CSE throughout the County

10. Report received Gather information from other agencies Visit victim; sole agency/multi agency approach Consider forensic window and gathering of physical and passive evidence and witnesses Examination and/or video interview of victim Make arrest if appropriate Examine 3 rd party material re victim, Case preparation, consult CPS, court process, aftercare The Investigative Process

11. The issue of Consent A person consents if s/he agrees by choice, and has the freedom and capacity to make that choice (Section 74 Sexual Offences Act 2003) The use of violence and fear of violence clearly affect the ability and freedom to agree by choice. However, this presumption can be rebutted. A person who is unlawfully detained has their ability freely to make decisions reduced, but it is not necessarily removed. A person who is asleep cannot give agreement to an act. A person who cannot communicate may be incapable as a result of a physical or a mental disability. Capacity to make a choice may be impaired by drug/alcohol consumption.

13. . Consent The age of consent remains at 16 years and any sexual activity with a child under that age is unlawful. Children under the age of 13 years are deemed incapable of giving legally significant consent; any act of sexual intercourse with a child under 13 is automatically statutory rape. Children aged 13 to 15 years may ‘voluntarily agree’ to sexual activities but where the other person is aged 18 or over such factual consent will not vitiate their legal culpability. Where the other person is under 18 a lesser offence is committed but the activity is still prima facie unlawful.

14. Gloucestershire Process Request for service/referral Information gathering – single agency Is the child at risk of CSE? Yes No (advice given) Yes No Advice given

15. Gloucestershire Process Emergency action Disruption strategy Plan/prioritise steps to protect child Core assessment Share information CYPD initial CSE risk assessment If not known – MASH via Children’s Helpdesk If known – Children and Families Team CSE/strategy discussion CYPD/Police CSE risk assessment reviewed Section 17 CYPD sole agency CAF Section 47

16. Raising concerns Can be located at www.gscb.org.uk/article/113294/Gloucestershire- procedures-and-protocols

17. A missing person is defined as anyone whose whereabouts cannot be established and where the circumstances are out of character, or the context suggests the person may be a subject of crime or at risk of harm to themselves or another. Key Quotes Missing Missing can be both a cause and a consequence of being sexually exploited – 70% of missing people reported in Gloucestershire are either vulnerable or at risk to CSE. Missing Incident = Risk of Harm = Need to Investigate = Return Interview = Record and Refer Multi agency working is crucial Information should be shared Responsibility to safeguard POLICE POWERS PPO?

18. Our Findings known to date 01/01/14 – 31/12/14 258 referrals 01/01/15 – 28/08/15 178 referrals No of U18 identified as being at risk of CSE 560 Of these 560, 58 male and 502 female Children referred were aged between 9 and 17 years of age 256 were between 15 and 16 years of age

19. Findings (Cont.) Top 3 methods of initial contact: Most popular – Social Networking (251), unknown (161), Face to Face (82) 247 fully identified as exploiters involved in CSE. Lone Offender (215), Group Offending. (24) Police team criminal figures; 12 pending investigations – 7 suspects charged 6 suspects on Police bail (3 awaiting CPS advice) 15 victims, 13 suspects involved with the pending cases. White European, Black African/Caribbean, Eastern European, Asian

20. Local picture – stats from the Online Pupil Survey 2014

23. One Local case study Offender Profile 27 yr old male Football Coach and member within the FA Within in a one month period instigated conversations with more than 30 boys under 18 yrs (mainly 12 -16yrs) Charged with 18 offences within Derbyshire and 12 offences (+1 contact offence) in Gloucestershire Pretended to be 17, used coercive tactics to engage with victims – offer gifts, money, threatened suicide Contact Snapchat, distinct, Face Book, Skype 13 year old victim, unsure of sexuality, arranged to meet male. Suspect travelled and paid money to victim to abuse him. Sentenced in August 2015 to 8 years in prison

24. Key points This referral was instigated by the victim’s best friend – even now the victim states he would not have reported Role of the family – parents/close friends play an important part to identify and report concerns Victims can be as much boys as girls The suspect played a very believable 17 year old male

25. Further work Awareness training within the county Intelligence Picture for the county Process for OOC LAC moving into and out of County Missing person process Proactive work, civil orders, Hotel/licencing Harbourers warning/ CAWN process E-Safety, sexting within the County Staff welfare

26. The Future Multi Agency CSE Team More Intelligence/Analytical led Investigations Better management of victims and suspects Review of the Screening Tool Review of the referral process Improved training for Professionals

27. GSCB/POLICE CSE Action Plan Prevent – Public confidence/awareness Protect – Victim care Pursue – Identify and target suspects Partnership – Key partners (SC, Ed, H, all) Intelligence – Proactive approach Leadership – Lead MOS for CSE Learning – Training needs

28. Resources My Dangerous Loverboy – UKHT Barnardos NSPCC Sex Education Forum CEOP (Think u Know and Exploited) Friend or foe? (Safe Guarding Children –Sheffield) NWG (National working group for CSE) UK Safer Internet Centre Gloucestershire Exploitation Lesson Chelsea’s Choice Back-ground research (Girl A – Anonymous) Holding On To You (Radio 4 drama) Friends Request local DVD. What resources are available? Check on the Gloucestershire Healthy Living and Learning website (www.ghll.org.uk)

29. Further Information National Working Group (Network tackling Child Sexual Exploitation) www.nationalworkinggroup.orgwww.nationalworkinggroup.org Barnardo’s www.barnardos.org.ukwww.barnardos.org.uk PACE UK (Parents Against Child Sexual Exploitation) www.paceuk.info www.paceuk.info The Office of the Children’s Commissioner www.childrenscommisioner.gov.uk www.childrenscommisioner.gov.uk Anonymous number 116 000.

30. Any Questions