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Published byDorothy Tyler Modified over 7 years ago
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Water Pollution Chapter 11 Section Three The water you pollute may be your own!
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What is water pollution and where does it come from? The introduction of chemical, physical, or biological agents into water. Point source – discharged from a single source, such as a factory or mine Non-point – from many different sources, hard to identify, cause of 96% of polluted water in United States
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Principal water pollutants PollutantSource Pathogens-nonpoint, sewage, animal waste Organic matter-mostly nonpoint sources Organic chemicals- nonpoint, farms, lawns, underground storage tanks Inorganic chem- both, industial waste, roads, waste water, acid rain Heavy metals- both, mining, industry, chemicals, landfills Physical agents-both, heat, suspended solids
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Wastewater treatment Wastewater – water that contains waste from home or industry Sewage sludge – solid waste product of wastewater treatment, may be toxic, used as fertilizer if not toxic
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Wastewater Treatment Process
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Eutrophication Too many nutrients cause excess growth of plants and algae. When they die, bacteria that breakdown dead plants uses oxygen. No oxygen – fish die! Artificial eutrophication – caused by humans, too much fertilizer, on farms, yards, gardens.
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Misc. Pollutants Thermal – water temp. is too high, from power plants and industry, kills fish due to oxygen content of water. Groundwater – polluted surface water percolates down, causes: leaking storage tanks, pesticides, oil, fertilizer.
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Major sources of groundwater pollution
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Ocean Pollution 85% comes from land activities Cruise ships dump 15 billion pounds/year Oil spills – 37 million gallons/year from tanker accidents Nonpoint land sources add 200 – 300 million gallons/year
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Pollution and Ecosystems Causes immediate damage to ecosystems Biomagnification – accumulation of pollutants at successive levels in the food chain Cleaning Up – Clean Water Act of 1972 was first major legislation to improve water quality
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