1. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE CONVERSION OF RBPAPs INTO RBMPs PRIORITY SUBSTANCES AND EQS’s IN THE PROYECT INCEPTION WORKSHOP Istanbul 9 -11 February - 2015 José FERNÁNDEZ DEL PINO

2. INDEX  WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (WFD)  EUROPEAN LEGISLATION  SPANISH LEGISLATION  NEW LEGISLATION  ESTABLISHMENT OF EQS  EXPECTED ACTIVITIES 2

3. WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (WFD)  Article 4: Environmental objectives  Article 16: Strategies against pollution of water  Annex V: Procedure for the setting of chemical quality standards by Member States. (1.2.6)  Annex VIII: Indicative list of the main pollutants  Annex X: Priority Substances 3

4. SPANISH LEGISLATION  REAL DECRETO 60/2011 environmental quality standards in surface water (continental and coastal). 4 DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EC WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2008/105/EC EQS DIRECTIVE 2013/39/EC UPDATE EQS Review every six years REAL DECRETO 60/2011 SPANISH EQS DIRECTIVE 2009/90/EC technical specifications for chemical analysis and monitoring of water status. DIRECTIVE 76/464/EEC hazardous substances …

5. SPANISH LEGISLATION: SPECIFIC POLLUTANTS RBD  Discharges in significant quantities  Emissions, Discharges and Losses Significant?  Point sources Discharge authorizations E-PRTR inventory (Directive 2010/75/EU)  Diffuse sources Urban sewage Agriculture Pesticides Fertilizers from urban sources Atmospheric deposits Leached soil, sediment  Periodical analysis of substances list using screening techniques Passive sampling Performed on a preferably matrix  Log Kow ≥3 BCF≥100 5 Kow: octanol-water partition coefficients BCF: BioConcentration Factors

6. NEW EUROPEAN LEGISLATION: Directive 2013/39/EU 6  Changes in the WFD: Revision of the list of priority substances every 6 years (with the RBMP) New Annex X of the WFD  Changes in the Directive 2008/105/EC. Update EQSs Replace the article 2 Replace the article 3 Remove the article 4.4 and the article 5.6 Insert the article 7 a Replace the article 8 and the article 9 Update the annex I Remove the annex II and annex III

7. NEW EUROPEAN LEGISLATION Directive 2013/39/EU 7  45 priority substances 7 EQSs revised with specific checking  22 Dec 2018: operational monitoring program.  22 Dec 2021: EQSs will compute for good chemical status. 12 new substances (recently identified)  22 Dec 2018 : operational monitoring program.  22 Dec 2021: EQSs will compute for good chemical status.  The usual matrix is water  An alternative matrix can be used (art. 3): The technical criteria of the directive 2009/90/EC. In other cases:  “using best available techniques not entailing excessive costs”  “that the method of analysis performs at least as well as that available for the matrix specified”  Frecuency: Water: mothly. Sediment or biota: annual. 50% Uncertainty QL < 30 % EQS

8. NEW EUROPEAN LEGISLATION Directive 2013/39/EU 8  Trend analysis: Member States shall arrange for the long-term trend analysis of concentrations of those priority substances listed in Part A of Annex I that tend to accumulate in sediment and/or biota Monitoring should take place every three years NoName of substances (2)Anthracene (5)Brominated diphenylethers (6)Cadmium and its compounds (7)Chloroalkanes, C 10-13 (12)Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) (15)Fluoranthene (16)Hexachlorobenzene (17)Hexachlorobutadiene (18)Hexachlorocyclohexane (20)Lead and its compounds (21)Mercury and its compounds NoName of substances (26)Pentachlorobenzene (28)Pentachlorophenol (30)Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (34)Dicofol (35) Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and its derivatives (PFOS) (36)Quinoxyfen (37)Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (43) Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDD) (44)Heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide

9. NEW EUROPEAN LEGISLATION Directive 2013/39/EU 9  “Additional maps” with the chemical status (Article 8a): May supply additional maps, individually, providing information on the degree of deviation from the EQS for:  16 historic substances (Brominates diphenylethers, Mercury, PAHs, TBT, PFOS, Dioxins, Hexabromocyclododedecane (HBCDD), heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide) Statistically robust baseline Monitoring every three years  7 substances with specific checking  12 new substances (recently identified)

10. NEW EUROPEAN LEGISLATION Directive 2013/39/EU 10  Watch list (Article 8b): The Commission shall established the first watch list by 14 September 2014 (?) and shall update it every 24 months thereafter. Maximum of 10 substances or groups of substances  They may present a significant risk at European Union for the fresh environment  When the monitoring data are insufficient. These parameters shall be included in the first watch list :  Diclofenac (CAS 15307-79-6),  17-beta-estradiol (E2) (CAS 50-28-2)  17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) (CAS 57-63-6) Each Member State shall select the representative monitoring stations. (14 September 2015)

11. NEW EUROPEAN LEGISLATION Directive 2013/39/EU 11  Pharmaceutical substances (Article 8c): The Commission  Is studding the risks that may be presented by medicinal products in the environment  will develop a strategic approach to pollution of water by pharmaceutical substances before 13 September 2015. In the framework of strategic approach:  Proposed measures will be taken to reduced the possible environmental impacts of pharmaceutical substances  And reduced discharges, emissions and losses of such substances into the aquatic environment, taking into account public health needs and the cost-effectiveness of the proposed measures.

12. ESTABLISHMENT OF EQS (WFD) 12  EQS may be set for water, sediment or biota.  Where possible, both acute and chronic data shall be obtained for the taxa set out below: Algae and/or macrophytes, Daphnia or representative organisms for saline waters, Fish.  Member States shall set appropriate safety factors in each case consistent with the nature and quality of the available data and the safety factor set out in the table: Safety factor At least one acute L(E)C50 from each of three trophic levels of the base set1000 One chronic NOEC (either fish or daphnia or a representative organism for saline waters) 100 Two chronic NOECs from species representing two trophic levels (fish and/or daphnia or a representative organism for saline waters and/or algae) 50 Chronic NOECs from at least three species (normally fish, daphnia or a representative organism for saline waters and algae) representing three trophic levels 10 Other cases, including field data or model ecosystems, which allow more precise safety factors to be calculated and applied Case-by-case assessment

13. ESTABLISHMENT OF EQS (WFD) 13  Where data on persistence and bioaccumulation are available, these shall be taken into account in deriving the final value of the environmental quality standard;  The standard thus derived should be compared with any evidence from field studies. Where anomalies appear, the derivation shall be reviewed to allow a more precise safety factor to be calculated;  The derived standard shall be subject to peer review and public consultation including to allow a more precise safety factor to be calculated.

14. ESTABLISHMENT OF EQS CONTROL AND SURVEILLANCE 14 QUALITY ELEMENTS (Physical chemical) INDICATOR MONITORING FREQUENCY Thermal conditions Average water temperature 3 months Oxygenation Dissolved O2,% saturation of oxygen, BOD 5 Salinity Conductivity Nutrient status pH Acidification status NH4, NO3, PO4 Other pollutants Specific pollutants discharged in significant quantities Priority substances Priority substances discharged in significant quantities 1 month

15. ESTABLISHMENT OF EQS STATUS OF THE WATER BODIES 15 Ecological Status Chemical Status National or RBD risk European risk Preferred Substances Specific pollutants RBD Priority Substances and other pollutants National Legislation European Directives

16. EXPECTED ACTIVITIES Determination of relevant substances per river basin (1/2) 16  Methodology: A specific analysis of each river basin will be used. This desk work is closely related to the study of pressures and impacts. The location of each of the contaminants and waste water industries will be considered to determine whether they discharge liquid or solid products. Also, it will be analysed in those activities that are planned to work on the discharge, the pollutant load, volume and composition. A list will be made for each river basin district (or even a lower level like sectors or ecoregions) of the most common types of industries, irrigation areas, etc. and the list of hazardous substances that are more frequent and more persistent. This list will also then be confirmed with the initial sampling campaigns as a screening process. Sampling will be done in all the monitoring points of surveillance and operational networks. All hazardous substances will be analyzed in the laboratory and it will confirm whether they are currently present in the water bodies or not. If none of the specific pollutants are detected after an acceptable number of samples, additional samples and analysis of these substances may be excluded in order to increase cost-benefit of the monitoring programmes.

17. EXPECTED ACTIVITIES Determination of relevant substances per river basin (2/2) 17  Actions: Action 1: Prepare a GIS layer with the pressures classified by type Action 2: Analyze the pressures/industries/irrigation areas… which discharge into water bodies (directly or indirectly). Action 3: Sort and organize industries by the type of discharge. Action 4: Perform several samples to confirm that there are pollutants in the water. Action 5: Compare the list of the real contaminants to the list obtained in desk to locate the possible points of contamination.  Output: Draw up the list of most polluting substances to locate possible points of contamination, assess the status of water body and programme of measures to mitigate such sources of contamination.

18. EXPECTED ACTIVITIES Drafting a legal text for transposing the EQS Directive 18  Methodology: The transposition of the implementation of the Directive on Environmental Quality Standards is foremost a responsibility of the Beneficiary. The consultant will support this transposition by making available the best legal experience from EU member states. Especially the experience of relatively new member states like Slovakia and Slovenia may be of interest.  Actions: first a transposition table and draft text will be made, on the basis of the best EU experience that there is. Secondly this transposition table and the draft legal text will be checked with the Beneficiary, amongst others the legal departments.  Output: A draft legal text to transpose the Directive on Environmental Quality Standards

19. THANK YOU TEŞEKKÜRLER 19