1. ANIT GHATAK ROLL NO. 12MA60R27 DEPERTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AUGUST 21, 2012 AN OVERVIEW OF VIRTUALIZATION AND CLOUD COMPUTING

2. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

3. ABSTRACTION: WHAT IT DOES OPERATING SYSTEM INDEPENDENT SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OPERATING SYSTEM INDEPENDENT SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION ONE JOB OF OPERATING SYSTEMS IS TO PROVIDE THE ABSTRACTIONS THAT FREE PROGRAMS FROM THE COMPLEX AND VARIED DETAILS NEEDED TO MANAGE MEMORY AND INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) DEVICES. ONE JOB OF OPERATING SYSTEMS IS TO PROVIDE THE ABSTRACTIONS THAT FREE PROGRAMS FROM THE COMPLEX AND VARIED DETAILS NEEDED TO MANAGE MEMORY AND INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) DEVICES.

4. ABSTRACTION: WHAT IT DOES

5. ABSTRACTION: ONE SMALL PROBLEM… ALTHOUGH APPLICATION PACKAGES HAVE BECOME BLISSFULLY UNAWARE OF THE DETAILS AND CONFIGURATION OF SPECIFIC HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATIONS, THE OPERATING SYSTEMS THAT PROVIDE THIS ISOLATION MUST BE TOTALLY COGNIZANT OF THE HARDWARE ON WHICH THEY RESIDE. ALTHOUGH APPLICATION PACKAGES HAVE BECOME BLISSFULLY UNAWARE OF THE DETAILS AND CONFIGURATION OF SPECIFIC HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATIONS, THE OPERATING SYSTEMS THAT PROVIDE THIS ISOLATION MUST BE TOTALLY COGNIZANT OF THE HARDWARE ON WHICH THEY RESIDE.

6. THE EFFECT THIS STATEFUL INFORMATION LOCKS THE OPERATING SYSTEM TO THE SPECIFIC HARDWARE ON WHICH IT WAS INSTALLED AND COMPLICATES MATTERS THIS STATEFUL INFORMATION LOCKS THE OPERATING SYSTEM TO THE SPECIFIC HARDWARE ON WHICH IT WAS INSTALLED AND COMPLICATES MATTERS × HARDWARE FAULT RECOVERY × SYSTEM UPGRADE × APPLICATION CONSOLIDATION

7. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

8. COMING UP WITH THE CONCEPT IF WE CAN ABSTRACT THE HARDWARE AS SEEN BY THE OPERATING SYSTEM THEN THE VIEW OF THE SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AS SEEN BY THE SOFTWARE IS IRRELEVANT. IF WE CAN ABSTRACT THE HARDWARE AS SEEN BY THE OPERATING SYSTEM THEN THE VIEW OF THE SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AS SEEN BY THE SOFTWARE IS IRRELEVANT.

9. COMING UP WITH THE CONCEPT THIS IS VIRTUALIZATION

10. BEFORE VIRTUALIZATION

11. SINGLE OS IMAGE PER MACHINE SINGLE OS IMAGE PER MACHINE SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TIGHTLY COUPLED SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TIGHTLY COUPLED RUNNING MULTIPLE APPLICATIONS ON SAME MACHINE OFTEN CREATES CONFLICT RUNNING MULTIPLE APPLICATIONS ON SAME MACHINE OFTEN CREATES CONFLICT UNDERUTILIZED RESOURCES UNDERUTILIZED RESOURCES INFLEXIBLE AND COSTLY INFRASTRUCTURE INFLEXIBLE AND COSTLY INFRASTRUCTURE

12. AFTER VIRTUALIZATION

13. HARDWARE-INDEPENDENCE OF OPERATING SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS HARDWARE-INDEPENDENCE OF OPERATING SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS VIRTUAL MACHINES CAN BE PROVISIONED TO ANY SYSTEM VIRTUAL MACHINES CAN BE PROVISIONED TO ANY SYSTEM CAN MANAGE OS AND APPLICATION AS A SINGLE UNIT BY ENCAPSULATING THEM INTO VIRTUAL MACHINES CAN MANAGE OS AND APPLICATION AS A SINGLE UNIT BY ENCAPSULATING THEM INTO VIRTUAL MACHINES

14. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

15. TWO BASIC APPROACHES HOSTED APPROACH HOSTED APPROACH HYPERVISOR ARCHITECTURE HYPERVISOR ARCHITECTURE

16. HOSTED APPROACH

17. INSTALLS AND RUNS AS AN APPLICATION INSTALLS AND RUNS AS AN APPLICATION RELIES ON HOST OS FOR DEVICE SUPPORT AND PHYSICAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RELIES ON HOST OS FOR DEVICE SUPPORT AND PHYSICAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROVIDES PARTITIONING SERVICES ON TOP OF A STANDARD OPERATING SYSTEM PROVIDES PARTITIONING SERVICES ON TOP OF A STANDARD OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORTS THE BROADEST RANGE OF HARDWARE CONFIGURATIONS SUPPORTS THE BROADEST RANGE OF HARDWARE CONFIGURATIONS

18. HYPERVISOR ARCHITECTURE

19. HYPERVISOR ARCHITECTURE IS THE FIRST LAYER OF SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON A CLEAN X86-BASED SYSTEM HYPERVISOR ARCHITECTURE IS THE FIRST LAYER OF SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON A CLEAN X86-BASED SYSTEM VIRTUALIZATION-CENTRIC KERNEL VIRTUALIZATION-CENTRIC KERNEL SERVICE CONSOLE FOR AGENTS AND HELPER APPLICATIONS SERVICE CONSOLE FOR AGENTS AND HELPER APPLICATIONS A HYPERVISOR IS MORE EFFICIENT THAN HOSTED ARCHITECTURES, ENABLING GREATER SCALABILITY, ROBUSTNESS AND PERFORMANCE. A HYPERVISOR IS MORE EFFICIENT THAN HOSTED ARCHITECTURES, ENABLING GREATER SCALABILITY, ROBUSTNESS AND PERFORMANCE.

20. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

21. A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALIZATION TECHNIQUE HYPERVISOR DESIGN GOAL STRONG ISOLATION STRONG ISOLATION SECURITY SECURITY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE VIRTUALIZATION SUPPORT VIRTUALIZATION SUPPORT SIMPLICITY SIMPLICITY

22. A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALIZATION TECHNIQUE HYPERVISOR DESIGN GOAL THE HYPERVISOR RESTRICTS ITSELF TO MANAGING A MINIMUM SET OF HARDWARE THE HYPERVISOR RESTRICTS ITSELF TO MANAGING A MINIMUM SET OF HARDWARE  PROCESSORS  CONSTANT-RATE SYSTEM COUNTER  SYSTEM PHYSICAL ADDRESS SPACE FOCUS IS ON SCHEDULING AND ISOLATION FOCUS IS ON SCHEDULING AND ISOLATION

23. A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALIZATION TECHNIQUE IN WINDOWS VIRTUALIZATION, IN WINDOWS VIRTUALIZATION, THE PARENT PARTITION MANAGES THE REST THE PARENT PARTITION MANAGES THE REST  IHV DRIVERS  PROCESSOR POWER MANAGEMENT  DEVICE ADD AND REMOVAL  DEVICE ADD AND REMOVAL NEW DRIVERS ARE NOT NEW DRIVERS ARE NOT REQUIRED REQUIRED

24. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

25. THERE ARE SOME PROBLEMS.. × OPERATING SYSTEM IS NOT WILLING TO SHARE THE HARDWARE PLATFORM × THE X86 ARCHITECTURE DOES NOT LEND ITSELF READILY TO THE CREATION OF VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENTS

26. SOLUTIONS THERE ARE THREE WAYS OF TRICKING OPERATING SYSTEMS INTO SHARING A VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENT THERE ARE THREE WAYS OF TRICKING OPERATING SYSTEMS INTO SHARING A VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENT FULL VIRTUALIZATION FULL VIRTUALIZATION PARTIAL VIRTUALIZATION OR PARAVIRTUALIZATION PARTIAL VIRTUALIZATION OR PARAVIRTUALIZATION HARDWARE-ASSISTED VIRTUALIZATION HARDWARE-ASSISTED VIRTUALIZATION

27. FULL VIRTUALIZATION IT CAUSES THE HYPERVISOR TO “TRAP” THE MACHINE OPERATIONS THE OPERATING SYSTEM USES TO READ OR MODIFY THE SYSTEM’S STATUS OR PERFORM INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) OPERATIONS IT CAUSES THE HYPERVISOR TO “TRAP” THE MACHINE OPERATIONS THE OPERATING SYSTEM USES TO READ OR MODIFY THE SYSTEM’S STATUS OR PERFORM INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) OPERATIONS THE HYPERVISOR EMULATES THESE OPERATIONS IN SOFTWARE AND RETURNS STATUS CODES CONSISTENT WITH WHAT THE REAL HARDWARE WOULD DELIVER THE HYPERVISOR EMULATES THESE OPERATIONS IN SOFTWARE AND RETURNS STATUS CODES CONSISTENT WITH WHAT THE REAL HARDWARE WOULD DELIVER

28. FULL VIRTUALIZATION

29. THE GOOD NEWS OPERATES INVISIBLY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE GUEST OPERATING SYSTEM OPERATES INVISIBLY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE GUEST OPERATING SYSTEM DOES NOT REQUIRE ANY CHANGE IN THE GUEST OS OR THE APPLICATIONS RUNNING UNDER IT. DOES NOT REQUIRE ANY CHANGE IN THE GUEST OS OR THE APPLICATIONS RUNNING UNDER IT.

30. FULL VIRTUALIZATION THE BAD NEWS × INSTRUCTION TRAPPING AND EMULATION CAN REDUCE OVERALL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE SIGNIFICANTLY IN I/O INTENSIVE ENVIRONMENTS × THE VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE CREATES A LAYER OF TRANSLATION AND EMULATION THAT ALL OPERATIONS NEED TO GO THROUGH, INCREASING TIME OF OPERATION

31. PARAVIRTUALIZATION ELIMINATES MUCH OF THE TRAPPING-AND- EMULATION OVERHEAD ASSOCIATED WITH FULL VIRTUALIZATION ELIMINATES MUCH OF THE TRAPPING-AND- EMULATION OVERHEAD ASSOCIATED WITH FULL VIRTUALIZATION IT REQUIRES THAT THE GUEST OS COOPERATES WITH THE HYPERVISOR IN CREATING THE VIRTUALISED ENVIRONMENT IT REQUIRES THAT THE GUEST OS COOPERATES WITH THE HYPERVISOR IN CREATING THE VIRTUALISED ENVIRONMENT

32. PARAVIRTUALIZATION

33. PARAVIRTUALIZATION THE GOOD NEWS IT CAN BE FASTER THAN OTHER FORMS OF VIRTUALIZATION IT CAN BE FASTER THAN OTHER FORMS OF VIRTUALIZATION

34. PARAVIRTUALIZATION THE BAD NEWS × IT REQUIRES THE USE OF A SPECIALLY DESIGNED OPERATING SYSTEM THAT CAN ASSIST IN CREATING THE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT.

35. HARDWARE ASSISTED VIRTUALIZATION RELIES ON HARDWARE EXTENSIONS TO THE X86 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE RELIES ON HARDWARE EXTENSIONS TO THE X86 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE ELIMINATE MUCH OF THE HYPERVISOR OVERHEAD ASSOCIATED WITH TRAPPING AND EMULATING I/O OPERATIONS AND STATUS INSTRUCTIONS EXECUTED WITHIN A GUEST OPERATING SYSTEM ELIMINATE MUCH OF THE HYPERVISOR OVERHEAD ASSOCIATED WITH TRAPPING AND EMULATING I/O OPERATIONS AND STATUS INSTRUCTIONS EXECUTED WITHIN A GUEST OPERATING SYSTEM

36. HARDWARE ASSISTED VIRTUALIZATION

37. THE GOOD NEWS ELIMINATES A GOOD PORTION OF THE JOBS ASSOCIATED WITH THE HYPERVISOR BY IMPLEMENTING THEM INTO THE HARDWARE ITSELF ELIMINATES A GOOD PORTION OF THE JOBS ASSOCIATED WITH THE HYPERVISOR BY IMPLEMENTING THEM INTO THE HARDWARE ITSELF BEST PERFORMANCE IN TERMS OF OPERATING TIME AND EFFICIENCY BEST PERFORMANCE IN TERMS OF OPERATING TIME AND EFFICIENCY

38. HARDWARE ASSISTED VIRTUALIZATION THE BAD NEWS THERE ISN’T ANY

39. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

40. SOME OTHER VIRTUALIZATION APPROACHES

41. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION (SOMETIMES CALLED CLIENT VIRTUALIZATION), AS A CONCEPT, SEPARATES A PERSONAL COMPUTER DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT FROM A PHYSICAL MACHINE USING THE CLIENT– SERVER MODEL OF COMPUTING. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION (SOMETIMES CALLED CLIENT VIRTUALIZATION), AS A CONCEPT, SEPARATES A PERSONAL COMPUTER DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT FROM A PHYSICAL MACHINE USING THE CLIENT– SERVER MODEL OF COMPUTING. THE MOSTLY USED IMPLEMENTATION IS THE VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE (VDI). THE MOSTLY USED IMPLEMENTATION IS THE VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE (VDI).

42. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE ALLOWS THE USE OF VIRTUAL MACHINES TO LET MULTIPLE NETWORK SUBSCRIBERS MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALIZED DESKTOPS ON A SINGLE, CENTRALLY LOCATED COMPUTER OR SERVER. ALLOWS THE USE OF VIRTUAL MACHINES TO LET MULTIPLE NETWORK SUBSCRIBERS MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALIZED DESKTOPS ON A SINGLE, CENTRALLY LOCATED COMPUTER OR SERVER. THE CENTRAL MACHINE MAY OPERATE AT A RESIDENCE, BUSINESS, OR DATA CENTRE. THE CENTRAL MACHINE MAY OPERATE AT A RESIDENCE, BUSINESS, OR DATA CENTRE. USERS MAY BE GEOGRAPHICALLY SCATTERED, BUT ALL MUST BE CONNECTED TO THE CENTRAL MACHINE BY A LOCAL AREA NETWORK, A WIDE AREA NETWORK, OR THE PUBLIC INTERNET. USERS MAY BE GEOGRAPHICALLY SCATTERED, BUT ALL MUST BE CONNECTED TO THE CENTRAL MACHINE BY A LOCAL AREA NETWORK, A WIDE AREA NETWORK, OR THE PUBLIC INTERNET.

43. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE

44. ESSENTIALLY FOUR MODES OF OPERATION HOSTED (DELIVERED AS A SERVICE) HOSTED (DELIVERED AS A SERVICE) CENTRALIZED CENTRALIZED REMOTE SYNCHRONIZATION REMOTE SYNCHRONIZATION CLIENT-HOSTED CLIENT-HOSTED

45. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE HOSTED VIRTUAL DESKTOPS A HOSTED DESKTOP LOOKS AND BEHAVES LIKE A REGULAR DESKTOP PC, BUT THE SOFTWARE AND DATA USED ARE HOSTED IN DATA CENTRES AND STREAMED SECURELY TO WHEREVER THE USER IS LOCATED A HOSTED DESKTOP LOOKS AND BEHAVES LIKE A REGULAR DESKTOP PC, BUT THE SOFTWARE AND DATA USED ARE HOSTED IN DATA CENTRES AND STREAMED SECURELY TO WHEREVER THE USER IS LOCATED REQUIRES A CONSTANT AND SECURE NET CONNECTION FOR STREAMING OF DATA REQUIRES A CONSTANT AND SECURE NET CONNECTION FOR STREAMING OF DATA PROVIDED AS A SERVICE TO THE CLIENT PROVIDED AS A SERVICE TO THE CLIENT

46. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE HOSTED VIRTUAL DESKTOPS

47. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE CENTRALIZED VIRTUAL DESKTOPS FOR THIS MODEL, THERE ARE TWO MODES FOR VDI  STATIC (ALSO CALLED PERSISTENT) AND  DYNAMIC (ALSO CALLED NON-PERSISTENT)

48. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE CENTRALIZED VIRTUAL DESKTOPS IN STATIC MODE, THERE IS A ONE-TO-ONE MAPPING OF A DESKTOP TO A USER, THAT IS EACH USER GETS A UNIQUE DESKTOP, AND THE DESKTOP IMAGE MUST BE MANAGED AND MAINTAINED. IN STATIC MODE, THERE IS A ONE-TO-ONE MAPPING OF A DESKTOP TO A USER, THAT IS EACH USER GETS A UNIQUE DESKTOP, AND THE DESKTOP IMAGE MUST BE MANAGED AND MAINTAINED. IN A DYNAMIC MODE, WHEN A USER LOGS IN AND REQUESTS A DESKTOP, A VM THAT IS “CLONED” FROM THE MASTER IMAGE IS COMBINED WITH HIS PERSONAL DATA AND APPLICATIONS. IN A DYNAMIC MODE, WHEN A USER LOGS IN AND REQUESTS A DESKTOP, A VM THAT IS “CLONED” FROM THE MASTER IMAGE IS COMBINED WITH HIS PERSONAL DATA AND APPLICATIONS.

49. DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE REMOTE SYNCHRONIZED VIRTUAL DESKTOPS TAKES THE CONCEPT OF A CENTRALIZED VDI IMAGE TAKES THE CONCEPT OF A CENTRALIZED VDI IMAGE IMAGE IS COPIED TO A LOCAL SYSTEM, WHERE IT MAY RUN WITHOUT REQUIRING A NETWORK CONNECTION IMAGE IS COPIED TO A LOCAL SYSTEM, WHERE IT MAY RUN WITHOUT REQUIRING A NETWORK CONNECTION IMAGES ARE "CHECKED OUT" FOR A PERIOD OF TIME, AND TYPICALLY NEED TO BE REFRESHED PERIODICALLY IMAGES ARE "CHECKED OUT" FOR A PERIOD OF TIME, AND TYPICALLY NEED TO BE REFRESHED PERIODICALLY THE LOCAL SYSTEM TYPICALLY RUNS AN OPERATING SYSTEM, ALONG WITH A HYPERVISOR, WHICH IN TURN RUNS THE VDI INSTANCE THE LOCAL SYSTEM TYPICALLY RUNS AN OPERATING SYSTEM, ALONG WITH A HYPERVISOR, WHICH IN TURN RUNS THE VDI INSTANCE

50. SOFTWARE VIRTUALIZATION APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES THAT IMPROVE PORTABILITY, MANAGEABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF APPLICATIONS BY ENCAPSULATING THEM FROM THE UNDERLYING OPERATING SYSTEM ON WHICH THEY ARE EXECUTED SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES THAT IMPROVE PORTABILITY, MANAGEABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF APPLICATIONS BY ENCAPSULATING THEM FROM THE UNDERLYING OPERATING SYSTEM ON WHICH THEY ARE EXECUTED FULL APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION REQUIRES A VIRTUALIZATION LAYER FULL APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION REQUIRES A VIRTUALIZATION LAYER APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION LAYERS REPLACE PART OF THE RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT NORMALLY PROVIDED BY THE OPERATING SYSTEM APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION LAYERS REPLACE PART OF THE RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT NORMALLY PROVIDED BY THE OPERATING SYSTEM THE LAYER INTERCEPTS ALL FILE AND REGISTRY OPERATIONS OF VIRTUALIZED APPLICATIONS AND REDIRECTS THEM TO A VIRTUALIZED LOCATION, OFTEN A SINGLE FOLDER THE LAYER INTERCEPTS ALL FILE AND REGISTRY OPERATIONS OF VIRTUALIZED APPLICATIONS AND REDIRECTS THEM TO A VIRTUALIZED LOCATION, OFTEN A SINGLE FOLDER

51. SOFTWARE VIRTUALIZATION APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION

52. BENEFITS ALLOWS APPLICATIONS TO RUN IN ENVIRONMENTS THAT DO NOT SUIT THE NATIVE APPLICATION ALLOWS APPLICATIONS TO RUN IN ENVIRONMENTS THAT DO NOT SUIT THE NATIVE APPLICATION MAY PROTECT THE OPERATING SYSTEM AND OTHER APPLICATIONS FROM POORLY WRITTEN OR BUGGY CODE MAY PROTECT THE OPERATING SYSTEM AND OTHER APPLICATIONS FROM POORLY WRITTEN OR BUGGY CODE USES FEWER RESOURCES THAN A SEPARATE VIRTUAL MACHINE. USES FEWER RESOURCES THAN A SEPARATE VIRTUAL MACHINE. RUN INCOMPATIBLE APPLICATIONS SIDE-BY- SIDE, AT THE SAME TIME RUN INCOMPATIBLE APPLICATIONS SIDE-BY- SIDE, AT THE SAME TIME

53. SOFTWARE VIRTUALIZATION APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION LIMITATIONS × NOT ALL SOFTWARE CAN BE VIRTUALIZED. SOME EXAMPLES INCLUDE APPLICATIONS THAT REQUIRE A DEVICE DRIVER, ANTI-VIRUS PACKAGES AND APPLICATIONS THAT REQUIRE HEAVY OS INTEGRATION. × IT RESISTS INTERACTION BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL APPLICATIONS

54. SOFTWARE VIRTUALIZATION WORKSPACE VIRTUALIZATION IT USES APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION TO DISTRIBUTE APPLICATIONS TO CLIENT COMPUTERS IT USES APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION TO DISTRIBUTE APPLICATIONS TO CLIENT COMPUTERS BUNDLES SEVERAL APPLICATION TOGETHER INTO AN WORKSPACE. BUNDLES SEVERAL APPLICATION TOGETHER INTO AN WORKSPACE. MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR INDIVIDUAL APPLICATIONS TO INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AND ALSO ENABLES USER SETTINGS/CONFIGURATION AND USER DATA TO STAY WITHIN THE WORKSPACE MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR INDIVIDUAL APPLICATIONS TO INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AND ALSO ENABLES USER SETTINGS/CONFIGURATION AND USER DATA TO STAY WITHIN THE WORKSPACE

55. SOFTWARE VIRTUALIZATION APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION WORKSPACE VIRTUALIZATION

56. MEMORY VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL MEMORY VIRTUAL MEMORY IS A MEMORY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE DEVELOPED FOR MULTITASKING KERNELS VIRTUAL MEMORY IS A MEMORY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE DEVELOPED FOR MULTITASKING KERNELS OS STORES THE FULL MEMORY IMAGE OF THE APPLICATION AND ITS DATA ON THE SYSTEM’S HARD DRIVE, AND TRANSFERS REQUIRED PIECES OF THIS IMAGE INTO THE SYSTEM’S RAM MEMORY AS THE PROGRAM EXECUTES OS STORES THE FULL MEMORY IMAGE OF THE APPLICATION AND ITS DATA ON THE SYSTEM’S HARD DRIVE, AND TRANSFERS REQUIRED PIECES OF THIS IMAGE INTO THE SYSTEM’S RAM MEMORY AS THE PROGRAM EXECUTES THE LIMITED SYSTEM PHYSICAL MEMORY LOOKS MUCH LARGER TO AN APPLICATION THE LIMITED SYSTEM PHYSICAL MEMORY LOOKS MUCH LARGER TO AN APPLICATION

57. MEMORY VIRTUALIZATION VIRTUAL MEMORY

58. HOW IT WORKS VIRTUAL ADDRESSES OF THE VIRTUAL MEMORY ARE MAPPED INTO PHYSICAL MEMORY ADDRESS WITH THE HELP OF PAGE TABLE. VIRTUAL ADDRESSES OF THE VIRTUAL MEMORY ARE MAPPED INTO PHYSICAL MEMORY ADDRESS WITH THE HELP OF PAGE TABLE. PAGE TABLE CONTAINS REFERENCES LINKING CHUNKS OF VIRTUAL MEMORY TO REAL MEMORY PAGE TABLE CONTAINS REFERENCES LINKING CHUNKS OF VIRTUAL MEMORY TO REAL MEMORY PROCESSORS INCLUDE HARDWARE FEATURES KNOWN AS TRANSLATION LOOK-ASIDE BUFFERS (TLBS) THAT CACHE THE TRANSLATION REFERENCES FOR RECENTLY ACCESSED CHUNKS OF MEMORY PROCESSORS INCLUDE HARDWARE FEATURES KNOWN AS TRANSLATION LOOK-ASIDE BUFFERS (TLBS) THAT CACHE THE TRANSLATION REFERENCES FOR RECENTLY ACCESSED CHUNKS OF MEMORY

59. STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF A STORAGE SYSTEM, THERE ARE TWO PRIMARY TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATION THAT CAN OCCUR WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF A STORAGE SYSTEM, THERE ARE TWO PRIMARY TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATION THAT CAN OCCUR  BLOCK VIRTUALIZATION REFERS TO THE ABSTRACTION (SEPARATION) OF LOGICAL STORAGE (PARTITION) FROM PHYSICAL STORAGE  BLOCK VIRTUALIZATION REFERS TO THE ABSTRACTION (SEPARATION) OF LOGICAL STORAGE (PARTITION) FROM PHYSICAL STORAGE  FILE VIRTUALIZATION ADDRESSES THE NETWORK-ATTACHED STORAGE CHALLENGES BY ELIMINATING THE DEPENDENCIES BETWEEN THE DATA ACCESSED AT THE FILE LEVEL AND THE LOCATION WHERE THE FILES ARE PHYSICALLY STORED

60. STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION BLOCK VIRTUALIZATION ADDRESS SPACE REMAPING - THE VIRTUALIZATION SYSTEM PRESENTS TO THE USER A LOGICAL SPACE FOR DATA STORAGE AND HANDLES THE PROCESS OF MAPPING IT TO THE ACTUAL PHYSICAL LOCATION. ADDRESS SPACE REMAPING - THE VIRTUALIZATION SYSTEM PRESENTS TO THE USER A LOGICAL SPACE FOR DATA STORAGE AND HANDLES THE PROCESS OF MAPPING IT TO THE ACTUAL PHYSICAL LOCATION. VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE OR DEVICE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING A CONSISTENT VIEW OF ALL THE MAPPING INFORMATION FOR THE VIRTUALIZED STORAGE. THIS MAPPING INFORMATION IS OFTEN CALLED META- DATA AND IS STORED AS A MAPPING TABLE. VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE OR DEVICE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING A CONSISTENT VIEW OF ALL THE MAPPING INFORMATION FOR THE VIRTUALIZED STORAGE. THIS MAPPING INFORMATION IS OFTEN CALLED META- DATA AND IS STORED AS A MAPPING TABLE.

61. STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION BLOCK VIRTUALIZATION

62. I/O REDIRECTION - THE VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE OR DEVICE USES THE META-DATA TO RE-DIRECT I/O REQUESTS. IT WILL RECEIVE AN INCOMING I/O REQUEST CONTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT THE LOCATION OF THE DATA IN TERMS OF THE LOGICAL DISK AND TRANSLATES THIS INTO A NEW I/O REQUEST TO THE PHYSICAL DISK LOCATION. I/O REDIRECTION - THE VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE OR DEVICE USES THE META-DATA TO RE-DIRECT I/O REQUESTS. IT WILL RECEIVE AN INCOMING I/O REQUEST CONTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT THE LOCATION OF THE DATA IN TERMS OF THE LOGICAL DISK AND TRANSLATES THIS INTO A NEW I/O REQUEST TO THE PHYSICAL DISK LOCATION.

63. STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION BENEFITS NON-DISRUPTIVE DATA MIGRATION – IN CASE OF REALLOCATION OF PHYSICAL STORAGE, ONLY CHANGE IN META-DATA IS REQUIRED NON-DISRUPTIVE DATA MIGRATION – IN CASE OF REALLOCATION OF PHYSICAL STORAGE, ONLY CHANGE IN META-DATA IS REQUIRED IMPROVED UTILIZATION – A NEW VOLUME CAN BE CREATED FROM THE POOL OF EXISTING PHYSICAL STORAGE. IMPROVED UTILIZATION – A NEW VOLUME CAN BE CREATED FROM THE POOL OF EXISTING PHYSICAL STORAGE. MULTIPLE INDEPENDENT STORAGE DEVICES APPEAR AS A SINGLE LARGE STORAGE AND HENCE CAN BE MANAGED CENTRALLY MULTIPLE INDEPENDENT STORAGE DEVICES APPEAR AS A SINGLE LARGE STORAGE AND HENCE CAN BE MANAGED CENTRALLY

64. DATA VIRTUALIZATION DATA VIRTUALIZATION DESCRIBES THE PROCESS OF ABSTRACTING DISPARATE SYSTEMS THROUGH A SINGLE DATA ACCESS LAYER. DATA VIRTUALIZATION DESCRIBES THE PROCESS OF ABSTRACTING DISPARATE SYSTEMS THROUGH A SINGLE DATA ACCESS LAYER. THIS ABSTRACTION ENABLES DATA ACCESS CLIENTS TO TARGET A SINGLE DATA ACCESS LAYER, SERIALIZATION, FORMAT, STRUCTURE, ETC., RATHER THAN MAKING EACH CLIENT TOOL HANDLE MULTIPLES OF ANY OR ALL OF THESE. THIS ABSTRACTION ENABLES DATA ACCESS CLIENTS TO TARGET A SINGLE DATA ACCESS LAYER, SERIALIZATION, FORMAT, STRUCTURE, ETC., RATHER THAN MAKING EACH CLIENT TOOL HANDLE MULTIPLES OF ANY OR ALL OF THESE.

65. DATA VIRTUALIZATION

66. NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION IS THE PROCESS OF COMBINING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE NETWORK RESOURCES AND NETWORK FUNCTIONALITY INTO A SINGLE, SOFTWARE- BASED ADMINISTRATIVE ENTITY, A VIRTUAL NETWORK. NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION IS THE PROCESS OF COMBINING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE NETWORK RESOURCES AND NETWORK FUNCTIONALITY INTO A SINGLE, SOFTWARE- BASED ADMINISTRATIVE ENTITY, A VIRTUAL NETWORK. IT IS MAINLY OF TWO TYPES  EXTERNAL NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION  INTERNAL NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION

67. NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION EXTERNAL NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION  ONE OR MORE LOCAL NETWORKS ARE COMBINED OR SUBDIVIDED INTO VIRTUAL NETWORKS  THE KEY COMPONENTS OF AN EXTERNAL VIRTUAL NETWORK ARE THE VLAN AND THE NETWORK SWITCH  SYSTEMS PHYSICALLY ATTACHED TO THE SAME LOCAL NETWORK CAN BE DIVIDED INTO DIFFERENT VIRTUAL NETWORKS  CONVERSELY, SYSTEMS ON SEPARATE LOCAL NETWORKS CAN BE COMBINED INTO A VLAN SPANNING THE SEGMENTS OF A LARGE NETWORK.

68. NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION INTERNAL NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION  A SINGLE SYSTEM IS CONFIGURED WITH CONTAINERS COMBINED WITH HYPERVISOR CONTROL PROGRAMS TO CREATE A "NETWORK IN A BOX."  A SINGLE SYSTEM IS CONFIGURED WITH CONTAINERS COMBINED WITH HYPERVISOR CONTROL PROGRAMS TO CREATE A "NETWORK IN A BOX."  ZONES OR VIRTUAL MACHINES ON A SINGLE SYSTEM CAN SHARE RESOURCES AND EXCHANGE DATA, EMULATING NETWORK CONNECTIVITY.

69. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

70. SOME ADVANCED FEATURES SNAPSHOT A SNAPSHOT IS THE STATE OF A VIRTUAL MACHINE, AND ITS STORAGE DEVICES, AT AN EXACT POINT IN TIME. SNAPSHOTS CAN BE "REVERTED" TO ON DEMAND, WITH THE EFFECT THAT THE VM APPEARS (IDEALLY) EXACTLY AS IT DID WHEN THE SNAPSHOT WAS TAKEN. A SNAPSHOT IS THE STATE OF A VIRTUAL MACHINE, AND ITS STORAGE DEVICES, AT AN EXACT POINT IN TIME. SNAPSHOTS CAN BE "REVERTED" TO ON DEMAND, WITH THE EFFECT THAT THE VM APPEARS (IDEALLY) EXACTLY AS IT DID WHEN THE SNAPSHOT WAS TAKEN. THE CAPABILITY IS, FOR EXAMPLE, USEFUL AS AN EXTREMELY RAPID BACKUP TECHNIQUE, PRIOR TO A RISKY OPERATION. THE CAPABILITY IS, FOR EXAMPLE, USEFUL AS AN EXTREMELY RAPID BACKUP TECHNIQUE, PRIOR TO A RISKY OPERATION.

71. SOME ADVANCED FEATURES TELEPORTATION THE SNAPSHOTS DESCRIBED ABOVE CAN BE MOVED TO ANOTHER HOST MACHINE WITH ITS OWN HYPERVISOR KNOWN AS TELEPORTATION. THE SNAPSHOTS DESCRIBED ABOVE CAN BE MOVED TO ANOTHER HOST MACHINE WITH ITS OWN HYPERVISOR KNOWN AS TELEPORTATION. IT ALLOWS THE VM TO PROVIDE UNINTERRUPTED SERVICE INDEPENDENT OF ITS PRIOR PHYSICAL HOST. IT ALLOWS THE VM TO PROVIDE UNINTERRUPTED SERVICE INDEPENDENT OF ITS PRIOR PHYSICAL HOST.

72. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

73. VIRTUALIZATION –KEY SOLUTIONS SERVER CONSOLIDATION AND CONTAINMENT– ELIMINATE SERVER SPRAWL BY DEPLOYING SYSTEMS INTO VIRTUAL MACHINES SERVER CONSOLIDATION AND CONTAINMENT– ELIMINATE SERVER SPRAWL BY DEPLOYING SYSTEMS INTO VIRTUAL MACHINES TEST AND DEVELOPMENT–RAPIDLY PROVISION AND RE-PROVISION TEST AND DEVELOPMENT SERVERS; STORE LIBRARIES OF PRE-CONFIGURED TEST MACHINES TEST AND DEVELOPMENT–RAPIDLY PROVISION AND RE-PROVISION TEST AND DEVELOPMENT SERVERS; STORE LIBRARIES OF PRE-CONFIGURED TEST MACHINES ENTERPRISE DESKTOP–SECURE UNMANAGED PCS. ALTERNATIVELY, PROVIDE STANDARDIZED ENTERPRISE DESKTOP ENVIRONMENTS HOSTED ON SERVERS. ENTERPRISE DESKTOP–SECURE UNMANAGED PCS. ALTERNATIVELY, PROVIDE STANDARDIZED ENTERPRISE DESKTOP ENVIRONMENTS HOSTED ON SERVERS.

74. VIRTUALIZATION –KEY SOLUTIONS BUSINESS CONTINUITY–REDUCE THE COST AND COMPLEXITY OF BUSINESS CONTINUITY BY ENCAPSULATING ENTIRE SYSTEMS FILES THAT CAN BE REPLICATED AND RESTORED ONTO ANY TARGET SERVER BUSINESS CONTINUITY–REDUCE THE COST AND COMPLEXITY OF BUSINESS CONTINUITY BY ENCAPSULATING ENTIRE SYSTEMS FILES THAT CAN BE REPLICATED AND RESTORED ONTO ANY TARGET SERVER INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISIONING–REDUCE THE TIME FOR PROVISIONING NEW INFRASTRUCTURE TO MINUTES WITH SOPHISTICATED AUTOMATION CAPABILITIES. INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISIONING–REDUCE THE TIME FOR PROVISIONING NEW INFRASTRUCTURE TO MINUTES WITH SOPHISTICATED AUTOMATION CAPABILITIES.

75. TOP 3 ECONOMIC REASONS FOR VIRTUALIZATION

76. VIRTUALIZATION DELIVERS TANGIBLE BUSINESS OUTCOMES

77. VIRTUALIZATION STATUS OFFERINGS FROM MANY COMPANIES OFFERINGS FROM MANY COMPANIES  E.G. VMWARE, MICROSOFT, SUN,... HARDWARE SUPPORT HARDWARE SUPPORT  FITS WELL WITH THE MOVE TO 64 BIT (VERY LARGE MEMORIES) MULTI-CORE (CONCURRENCY) PROCESSORS.  INTEL VT (VIRTUALIZATION TECHNOLOGY) PROVIDES HARDWARE TO SUPPORT THE VIRTUAL MACHINE MONITOR LAYER VIRTUALIZATION IS NOW A WELL- ESTABLISHED TECHNOLOGY VIRTUALIZATION IS NOW A WELL- ESTABLISHED TECHNOLOGY

78. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

79. WHAT IS THE NEED FOR CLOUD COMPUTING

80. AN EXAMPLE OF FORBES.COM IS TAKEN HERE  THEY SUPPLY REAL TIME STOCK MARKET DATA  WHY SHOULD THEY PAY FOR SERVER CAPACITY AND ITS MAINTENANCE OVERNIGHT AND WEEKENDS? RATE OF SERVER ACCESS

81. WHAT IS THE NEED FOR CLOUD COMPUTING FORBES’ SOLUTION THEY HOST THEIR WEBSITE IN AMAZON'S EC2 ELASTIC COMPUTE CLOUD THEY HOST THEIR WEBSITE IN AMAZON'S EC2 ELASTIC COMPUTE CLOUD PROVISION NEW SERVERS EVERY DAY, AND DE-PROVISION THEM EVERY NIGHT PROVISION NEW SERVERS EVERY DAY, AND DE-PROVISION THEM EVERY NIGHT AT A VERY LOW COST PER SERVER PER HOUR DEPENDING UPON SERVER CAPACITY AT A VERY LOW COST PER SERVER PER HOUR DEPENDING UPON SERVER CAPACITY MAINTENANCE OF HARDWARE IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF AMAZON MAINTENANCE OF HARDWARE IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF AMAZON

82. CLOUD COMPUTING TAKES VIRTUALIZATION TO THE NEXT STEP CLIENT DOES NOT NEED TO OWN THE HARDWARE CLIENT DOES NOT NEED TO OWN THE HARDWARE HARDWARE IS RENTED AS REQUIRED FROM THE CLOUD HARDWARE IS RENTED AS REQUIRED FROM THE CLOUD THERE ARE MANY PUBIC CLOUDS LIKE AMAZON EC2, IBM, SUN THERE ARE MANY PUBIC CLOUDS LIKE AMAZON EC2, IBM, SUN IN SHORT, CLOUD COMPUTING IS THE MANIFESTATION OF VIRTUALIZATION FROM A BUSINESS POINT OF VIEW. IN SHORT, CLOUD COMPUTING IS THE MANIFESTATION OF VIRTUALIZATION FROM A BUSINESS POINT OF VIEW.

83. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

84. SO WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING IN ESSENCE, CLOUD COMPUTING IS THE USE OF COMPUTING RESOURCES (HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE) THAT ARE DELIVERED AS A SERVICE OVER A NETWORK(TYPICALLY THE INTERNET). IN ESSENCE, CLOUD COMPUTING IS THE USE OF COMPUTING RESOURCES (HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE) THAT ARE DELIVERED AS A SERVICE OVER A NETWORK(TYPICALLY THE INTERNET).

85. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

86. CLOUD COMPONENTS TWO ELEMENTS ARE PRESENT IN ANY CLOUD COMPUTING SOLUTION. TWO ELEMENTS ARE PRESENT IN ANY CLOUD COMPUTING SOLUTION.  CLIENTS  THE DATACENTRE

87. CLOUD COMPONENTS

88. CLOUD COMPONENTS CLIENTS DEVICES THROUGH WHICH END USERS INTERACT WITH THE CLOUD. MAY BE OF THREE TYPES. DEVICES THROUGH WHICH END USERS INTERACT WITH THE CLOUD. MAY BE OF THREE TYPES.  MOBILE – INCLUDES PDA AND SMARTPHONES  THIN – INCLUDES COMPUTERS THAT DO NOT INCLUDE A HARD DRIVE, DEPENDS ON SERVER FOR ALL THE STORAGE AND ONLY DISPLAYS THE INFORMATION  THICK – THIS IS A REGULAR COMPUTER USING REGULAR WEB-BROWSER TO CONNECT TO THE CLOUD

89. CLOUD COMPONENTS DATACENTRES COLLECTION OF SERVERS WHERE THE RUNNING APPLICATION IS HOUSED COLLECTION OF SERVERS WHERE THE RUNNING APPLICATION IS HOUSED WITH THE HELP OF OS SERVER VIRTUALIZATION, ONE PHYSICAL SERVER CAN INCLUDE MULTIPLE VIRTUAL SERVER THEREBY INCREASING THE OVERALL EFFICIENCY. WITH THE HELP OF OS SERVER VIRTUALIZATION, ONE PHYSICAL SERVER CAN INCLUDE MULTIPLE VIRTUAL SERVER THEREBY INCREASING THE OVERALL EFFICIENCY.

90. CLOUD COMPONENTS DISTRIBUTED SERVER SERVICE PROVIDERS HOUSE THEIR DATA OVER MULTIPLE SERVERS SCATTERED GEOGRAPHICALLY. SERVICE PROVIDERS HOUSE THEIR DATA OVER MULTIPLE SERVERS SCATTERED GEOGRAPHICALLY. PROVIDES MORE SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY AND DATA SECURITY. PROVIDES MORE SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY AND DATA SECURITY.

91. CLOUD COMPONENTS CHARACTERISTICS COST IS REDUCED AS IN A PUBLIC CLOUD DELIVERY MODEL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE IS CONVERTED TO OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE. COST IS REDUCED AS IN A PUBLIC CLOUD DELIVERY MODEL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE IS CONVERTED TO OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE. DEVICE AND LOCATION INDEPENDENCE IS ACHIEVED AS INFRASTRUCTURE IS OFF-SITE. DEVICE AND LOCATION INDEPENDENCE IS ACHIEVED AS INFRASTRUCTURE IS OFF-SITE. MULTITENANCY ENABLES SHARING OF RESOURCES AND COSTS ACROSS A LARGE POOL OF USERS THUS ALLOWING FOR: MULTITENANCY ENABLES SHARING OF RESOURCES AND COSTS ACROSS A LARGE POOL OF USERS THUS ALLOWING FOR:  CENTRALIZATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE  PEAK-LOAD CAPACITY INCREASES  UTILISATION AND EFFICIENCY IMPROVES.

92. CLOUD COMPONENTS CHARACTERISTICS RELIABILITY IS IMPROVED IF MULTIPLE REDUNDANT SITES ARE USED. RELIABILITY IS IMPROVED IF MULTIPLE REDUNDANT SITES ARE USED. SCALABILITY AND ELASTICITY VIA DYNAMIC ("ON-DEMAND") PROVISIONING OF RESOURCES. SCALABILITY AND ELASTICITY VIA DYNAMIC ("ON-DEMAND") PROVISIONING OF RESOURCES. SECURITY COULD IMPROVE DUE TO CENTRALIZATION OF DATA, INCREASED SECURITY-FOCUSED RESOURCES SECURITY COULD IMPROVE DUE TO CENTRALIZATION OF DATA, INCREASED SECURITY-FOCUSED RESOURCES MAINTENANCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING APPLICATIONS IS EASIER MAINTENANCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING APPLICATIONS IS EASIER

93. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

94. TYPES OF SERVICES PUBLIC CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES ARE  INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS),  PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS),  SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS)  STORAGE AS A SERVICE (STAAS)  SECURITY AS A SERVICE (SECAAS)  DATA AS A SERVICE (DAAS)  BUSINESS PROCESS AS A SERVICE (BPAAS)  TEST ENVIRONMENT AS A SERVICE (TEAAS)  DESKTOP AS A SERVICE (DAAS)

95. TYPES OF SERVICES

96. THE THREE MAIN PUBLIC CLOUD SERVICES ARE

97. TYPES OF SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE MOST BASIC CLOUD SERVICE MODEL MOST BASIC CLOUD SERVICE MODEL CLIENTS ARE PROVIDED WITH VIRTUAL MACHINE AND SIMILAR RESOURCES CLIENTS ARE PROVIDED WITH VIRTUAL MACHINE AND SIMILAR RESOURCES MANAGEMENT OF POOLS OF HYPERVISORS BY THE CLOUD OPERATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEM LEADS TO THE ABILITY TO SUPPORT A LARGE NUMBER OF VIRTUAL MACHINES MANAGEMENT OF POOLS OF HYPERVISORS BY THE CLOUD OPERATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEM LEADS TO THE ABILITY TO SUPPORT A LARGE NUMBER OF VIRTUAL MACHINES CLOUD USERS INSTALL OPERATING SYSTEM IMAGES ON THE MACHINES AS WELL AS THEIR APPLICATION SOFTWARE. CLOUD USERS INSTALL OPERATING SYSTEM IMAGES ON THE MACHINES AS WELL AS THEIR APPLICATION SOFTWARE. CLOUD USER WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PATCHING AND MAINTAINING THE OPERATING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATION SOFTWARE. CLOUD USER WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PATCHING AND MAINTAINING THE OPERATING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATION SOFTWARE.

98. TYPES OF SERVICES PLATFORM AS A SERVICE PROVIDES A COMPUTING PLATFORM AND A SOLUTION STACK AS A SERVICE. PROVIDES A COMPUTING PLATFORM AND A SOLUTION STACK AS A SERVICE. THE CONSUMER CREATES THE SOFTWARE USING TOOLS AND LIBRARIES FROM THE PROVIDER THE CONSUMER CREATES THE SOFTWARE USING TOOLS AND LIBRARIES FROM THE PROVIDER THE CONSUMER ALSO CONTROLS SOFTWARE DEPLOYMENT AND CONFIGURATION SETTINGS THE CONSUMER ALSO CONTROLS SOFTWARE DEPLOYMENT AND CONFIGURATION SETTINGS FACILITATE THE DEPLOYMENT OF APPLICATIONS WITHOUT THE COST AND COMPLEXITY OF BUYING AND MANAGING THE UNDERLYING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE AND PROVISIONING STORAGE FACILITATE THE DEPLOYMENT OF APPLICATIONS WITHOUT THE COST AND COMPLEXITY OF BUYING AND MANAGING THE UNDERLYING HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE AND PROVISIONING STORAGE

99. TYPES OF SERVICES SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE IT IS A SOFTWARE DELIVERY MODEL IN WHICH SOFTWARE AND ASSOCIATED DATA ARE CENTRALLY HOSTED ON THE CLOUD. IT IS A SOFTWARE DELIVERY MODEL IN WHICH SOFTWARE AND ASSOCIATED DATA ARE CENTRALLY HOSTED ON THE CLOUD. SaaS IS TYPICALLY ACCESSED BY USERS USING A THIN CLIENT VIA A WEB BROWSER. SaaS IS TYPICALLY ACCESSED BY USERS USING A THIN CLIENT VIA A WEB BROWSER. THE VAST MAJORITY OF SaaS SOLUTIONS ARE BASED ON A MULTI-TENANT ARCHITECTURE THE VAST MAJORITY OF SaaS SOLUTIONS ARE BASED ON A MULTI-TENANT ARCHITECTURE  A SINGLE VERSION OF THE APPLICATION, WITH A SINGLE CONFIGURATION (HARDWARE, NETWORK, OPERATING SYSTEM), IS USED FOR ALL CUSTOMERS ("TENANTS")  TO SUPPORT SCALABILITY, THE APPLICATION IS INSTALLED ON MULTIPLE MACHINES (CALLED HORIZONTAL SCALING).

100. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

101. DEPLOYMENT MODEL

102. PUBLIC CLOUD PUBLIC CLOUD APPLICATIONS, STORAGE, AND OTHER RESOURCES ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC BY A SERVICE PROVIDER PUBLIC CLOUD APPLICATIONS, STORAGE, AND OTHER RESOURCES ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC BY A SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICES ARE EITHER FREE OR OFFERED ON A PAY-PER-USE MODEL SERVICES ARE EITHER FREE OR OFFERED ON A PAY-PER-USE MODEL NORMALLY SERVICES ARE PROVIDED VIA THE INTERNET ONLY. NORMALLY SERVICES ARE PROVIDED VIA THE INTERNET ONLY.

103. DEPLOYMENT MODEL COMMUNITY CLOUD SHARES INFRASTRUCTURE BETWEEN SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS FROM A SPECIFIC COMMUNITY WITH COMMON CONCERNS SHARES INFRASTRUCTURE BETWEEN SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS FROM A SPECIFIC COMMUNITY WITH COMMON CONCERNS INFRASTRUCTURE IS SUPERVISED EITHER INTERNALLY OR BY A THIRD-PARTY. INFRASTRUCTURE IS SUPERVISED EITHER INTERNALLY OR BY A THIRD-PARTY.

104. DEPLOYMENT MODEL PRIVATE CLOUD CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE OPERATED SOLELY FOR A SINGLE ORGANISATION EITHER MAINTAINED BY THEMSELVES OR BEING OUTSOURCED. CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE OPERATED SOLELY FOR A SINGLE ORGANISATION EITHER MAINTAINED BY THEMSELVES OR BEING OUTSOURCED. HYBRID CLOUD HYBRID CLOUD IS A COMPOSITION OF TWO OR MORE CLOUDS (PRIVATE, COMMUNITY OR PUBLIC) THAT REMAIN UNIQUE ENTITIES BUT ARE BOUND TOGETHER, OFFERING THE BENEFITS OF MULTIPLE DEPLOYMENT MODELS HYBRID CLOUD IS A COMPOSITION OF TWO OR MORE CLOUDS (PRIVATE, COMMUNITY OR PUBLIC) THAT REMAIN UNIQUE ENTITIES BUT ARE BOUND TOGETHER, OFFERING THE BENEFITS OF MULTIPLE DEPLOYMENT MODELS

105. INCREASE IN DATACENTRE UTILIZATION WITH VIRTUALIZATION AND CLOUD COMPUTING

108. AGENDA TRIP DOWN MEMORY LANE THE CONCEPT INTRODUCED TWO BASIC APPROACHES A LITTLE ABOUT WINDOWS VIRTUALISATION TECHNIQUE SOME PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS: THREE MAIN APPROACHES OF VIRTUALIZATION SOME OTHER VIRTUALISATION APPROACH SOME ADVANCED THINGS SOLUTIONS BY VIRTUALIZATION AND CURRENT STATUS CLOUD COMPUTING: WHY CLOUD COMPUTING: WHAT CLOUD COMPUTING: HOW CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODEL LOOKING AHEAD: THE INTERCLOUD

109. IT IS AN INTERCONNECTED GLOBAL ‘CLOUD OF CLOUDS’, BEING TERMED AFTER INTERNET. IT IS AN INTERCONNECTED GLOBAL ‘CLOUD OF CLOUDS’, BEING TERMED AFTER INTERNET. ONE SINGLE CLOUD DOES NOT HAVE × INFINITE RESOURCE OR × FOOTPRINT EVERYWHERE THE INTERCLOUD SCENARIO WOULD ADDRESS SUCH PROBLEMS WHERE EACH CLOUD WOULD USE THE COMPUTATIONAL, STORAGE, OR ANY KIND OF RESOURCE OF THE INFRASTRUCTURES OF OTHER CLOUDS THE INTERCLOUD SCENARIO WOULD ADDRESS SUCH PROBLEMS WHERE EACH CLOUD WOULD USE THE COMPUTATIONAL, STORAGE, OR ANY KIND OF RESOURCE OF THE INFRASTRUCTURES OF OTHER CLOUDS

110. REFERENCES TECHNOLOGY brief, Intel®; Virtualization, Technology, Server Virtualization, “A Superior Hardware Platform for Server Virtualization” Rajkumar Buyya, Chee Shin Yeo, and Srikumar Venugopal; “Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering IT Services as Computing Utilities”, Grid Computing and Distributed Systems (GRIDS) Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, Anthony D. Joseph, Randy Katz, Andy Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David Patterson, Ariel Rabkin, Ion Stoica, and Matei Zaharia; “Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing”; UC Berkeley Reliable Adaptive Distributed Systems Laboratory Flavio Lombardi, RobertoDiPietro ; “Secure virtualization for cloud computing ”; Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 7 June 2010 Gerald Kaefer, “Cloud Computing Architecture ”; Corporate Research and Technologies, Munich, Germany David Burford, CFA, MBA, MCP ; “ Cloud Computing: A Brief Introduction ”; LAD ENTERPRIZES, INC. ; February 20, 2010 IBM Global Education, White Paper, “ Virtualization in Education”, October 2007

111. SOME USEFUL LINKS Amazon AWS: http://aws.amazon.com/free/http://aws.amazon.com/free/ Windows Azure: http://www.azurepilot.com/http://www.azurepilot.com/ Google App Engine (GAE): http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/whatisgoog leappengine.html http://code.google.com/appengine/docs/whatisgoog leappengine.html Graph Analytics: http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~jimmylin/Cloud9/do cs/content/Lin_Schatz_MLG2010.pdf http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~jimmylin/Cloud9/do cs/content/Lin_Schatz_MLG2010.pdf For miscellaneous information: http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~bina http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~bina

112. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION