1. Warm-up 2/25/16
Work on completing your cell analogy foldable. It is due tomorrow. If you have finished begin working on Unit 2 Review questions on the Biology Key Review Questions

2. On a sheet of notebook paper define specialized cell in your own words by completing the sentence frames below. Be sure to write the sentences.
A specialized cell is… ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________.
All cells have the same genes and DNA but different cells can perform different functions because…________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________.

3. Cell Specialization: Each cell in an organism has a special job.
All cells start out the same way (called stem cells) The DNA tells it what to become, and it make special proteins to do the job that it is told to do.
This is known as DIFFERENTIATION

4. All of the DNA inside of the cells is the same, but the genes found on DNA code for different proteins.
The proteins are what is special.

5. INDEPENDENT RESEARCH… You will be researching different types of specialized cells.
Use your chromebook to research each of the cell types found on the chart on the back of your notes.
You are researching the following
Picture (draw the picture on your notes)
Function (write the function on your notes
WE WILL FILL IN ADAPTED FOR AS A CLASS!

6. A sperm cell swims rapidly to an egg during reproduction.
Cell Type
Picture
Function
Adapted For
Sperm Cell
A sperm cell swims rapidly to an egg during reproduction.
A sperm cell has a tail, or flagellum to allow it to swim to meet the egg.

7. Specialized Cell
Picture
Function
Adapted For
Red Blood Cell
A red blood cell carries necessary oxygen to cells and carbon dioxide that is released away from cells.
A blood cell looks like a bowl because it has to carry molecules to and from cells.

8. Specialized Cell
Picture
Function
Adapted For
Muscle Cell
A muscle cell stretches and contracts to allow the body to move.
Muscle cells are long and flat to allow them to relax and contract. When muscle is being used it is contracting and when a muscle is not being used it is relaxing.
Which organelle do you think muscle cells have the most of and why? Discuss the answer to this question with a partner at your table.

9. Specialized Cell
Picture
Function
Adapted For:
Nerve Cell
A nerve cell transmits (sends) messages to other cells
Nerve cells send signals called HORMONES (proteins) to communicate with other cells.

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Specialized Cell
Explanation
Function
Adapted For:
Xylem Cells
A Xylem cell transports water and minerals from the root to the leaves of a plant;
Xylem cells only transport water and minerals in one direction UP from the root to the leaves and top parts of the plant.
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Specialized Cell
Picture
Function
Adapted For:
Phloem Cell
A PHLOEM cell transports food and nutrients from the leaves to storage organs and growing parts of the plant.
A PHLOEM cell moves food and nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant, because the food is being made in the leaves by photosynthesis and stored in other parts of the plant for future use.
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12. Specialized Cells Match up
1. Cell Specialization Card Sort
In a group of 2 or 3, Match the specialized cell with the appropriate picture, description and type of organism that the cell is found in. There are five different cell types
Your columns should look like this
Cell Type Picture Description Adapted For
2. Once you have finished, use your notes to check your answers

13. Cell Communication!
All cells have to communicate to help an organism survive. Cells do this in two ways:

14. Two ways that cells communicate:
Hormones
Neurons

15. What are HORMONES? Proteins, so SHAPE MATTERS!!!
Only works for cells with the right receptor proteins.
Hormones travel slowly
In plants and animals

16. What are NEURONS? Nerve cells found in the nervous system
Send quick messages called neurotransmitters in animal cells ONLY!

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Cell Size
Question: Are the cells in an elephant bigger, smaller, or about the same size as those in a mouse?
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18. What limits the size of cells?
Surface Area to Volume Ratio - How much space is on the outside (cell membrane) compared to the space on the inside of the cell.
As the surface area of something increases, it’s volume increases faster
Surface area = L x W x # of sides (cm2) the surface of an object. The outside covering of a cell. (cell membrane)
Volume = L x W x H (cm3) The space inside the cell

19. What limits the size of cells?
DNA limits the size of the cell
When cells become too big, enough proteins cannot be made to support them.

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Cell Size
When the surface area is no longer great enough to get rid of all the wastes and to get in enough food and water, then the cell must divide
Therefore, the cells of an organism are close in size
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Cell Size
Question: Are the cells in an elephant bigger, smaller, or about the same size as those in a mouse?
About the same size, but …
The elephant has MANY MORE cells than a mouse!
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22. Why is it important that cells DIVIDE when they get TOO BIG?

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Cell Size
Question: Are the cells in an elephant bigger, smaller, or about the same size as those in a mouse?
About the same size, but …
The elephant has MANY MORE cells than a mouse!
copyright cmassengale

24. Get out Unit 1 Relooping Questions a place them in the folders before the timer ends.