1. Page 49: How does the sun “make” energy?

2. Our Sun – A Day Star Why is the sun a DAY STAR? Formed 4.5 billion years ago – the same time as Earth! The sun is made up of Helium (He) and Hydrogen (H) gasses.

3. The Sun’s Layers Energy is generated in the core of the sun and travels outward through the convection zone and radiation zone Photons: Charged particles of light

4. Surface Features Sunspots – Cooler areas on the surface of the Sun – Observed by Galileo Galilei – Helped scientists discover that the Sun rotates – Cycles every 10-11 years (last one in 2012).

5. Solar Flares Solar flares: violent eruptions of gas Coronal Mass Ejections (CMES): electrically charged gas is ejected from the corona – Can interfere with satellites on Earth – Disrupts cell service and plane navigation – Can cause auroras

6. Aurora Borealis http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/n ews/environment-news/norway-aurora- borealis-vin/ http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/n ews/environment-news/norway-aurora- borealis-vin/

7. How does the Sun Shine? To understand something as large as the sun…. …..we have to start very, very small What can you think of that has a smaller object inside of another? http://htwins.net/scale2/

8. Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter (anything that takes up space) They contain: – A proton – a particle with positive charge – A neutron – no charge – An electron – a particle with a negative charge

9. Elements Atoms of the same kind (same number of protons) are called elements There are 118 elements on the periodic table

10. Atoms can combine Atoms can combine to create something new in a chemical reaction ….just like ingredients can combine to create a cake!

11. Chemical reactions ReactantsProducts! Hydrogen + oxygen Water IngredientsDessert!

12. The Sun’s Energy comes from Fusion To Fuse = to combine Combining of two or more atoms A chemical reaction that occurs in all stars Provides a LOT of energy for a small amount of matter

13. Fusion in the Sun H + H ----------  He + energy Two hydrogen atoms combine to make Helium and release ENERGY!

14. Einstein Einstein discovered that mass loss in a reaction can be converted into energy E = mc 2 E = energy m = mass c = the speed of light

15. Aha Connection Answer the Aha Question on page 45: “What role does energy play in our world?” using the words: -Sun - Fusion - Hydrogen - Helium

16. Put it together On page 48 of ISN: Pick clock question 1, 9 OR 11 to complete with your new knowledge about how the Sun gives us energy. Talk about FUSION!